{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:CEU2W2QFG7E6Y6NDK2AEL6PVQU","short_pith_number":"pith:CEU2W2QF","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1705.01046","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2017-05-02T16:12:51Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"1f16ef0f85bbdeb569947ae89e17ac37551c68a0d52df60d05bebb34836403e8","abstract_canon_sha256":"0118c17d66c3fd62e629ad284cc787e3f31e0cbc9cf197d15cc29ffff6e1681f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1129ab6a0537c9ec79a3568045f9f5853f538fd35a5f908270149818a469a331","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1705.01046","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1705.01046","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1705.01046v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1705.01046","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CEU2W2QFG7E6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CEU2W2QFG7E6Y6ND","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CEU2W2QF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:10Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:CEU2W2QFG7E6Y6NDK2AEL6PVQU","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1705.01046","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2017-05-02T16:12:51Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"1f16ef0f85bbdeb569947ae89e17ac37551c68a0d52df60d05bebb34836403e8","abstract_canon_sha256":"0118c17d66c3fd62e629ad284cc787e3f31e0cbc9cf197d15cc29ffff6e1681f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1129ab6a0537c9ec79a3568045f9f5853f538fd35a5f908270149818a469a331","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:08.909708Z","signature_b64":"f/9q8tzyLfN01HMTsvDqjH1HfXEJKx2SA1lgnC/coj7elMZ2I1zX9OIyZWz+fCHdnM3qvS0RtDBCNPNMCGxiBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"1129ab6a0537c9ec79a3568045f9f5853f538fd35a5f908270149818a469a331","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:08.909096Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:08.909096Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1705.01046","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:08Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"TtDxRj77gluKG7PMQAEWP12ZZ9qOygHfIbOhotXiPWdSMa5GL0yp6bfsJcThbgEuQDive2gtCBBcqCX0k+RtDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T16:38:42.994082Z"},"content_sha256":"cbadefc99b2b4f2ccc7a316bd942061cb4e1e2882014c924007caaaa8160b783","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cbadefc99b2b4f2ccc7a316bd942061cb4e1e2882014c924007caaaa8160b783"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:CEU2W2QFG7E6Y6NDK2AEL6PVQU","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Turbulent shear layers in confining channels","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"AA Castrejon-Pita, CP Please, GP Benham, IJ Hewitt, P Bird, RW Style","submitted_at":"2017-05-02T16:12:51Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present a simple model for the development of shear layers between parallel flows in confining channels. Such flows are important across a wide range of topics from diffusers, nozzles and ducts to urban air flow and geophysical fluid dynamics. The model approximates the flow in the shear layer as a linear profile separating uniform-velocity streams. Both the channel geometry and wall drag affect the development of the flow. The model shows good agreement with both particle-image-velocimetry experiments and computational turbulence modelling. The low computational cost of the model allows it"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1705.01046","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:08Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6QUt657vsICRKKLZghMojoF6TYylagnXlqUJdU5wMa6KTFzxK5u0tng1h/YuG4Tfy/rP6ey2eKiO6/AZYDyLBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T16:38:42.996185Z"},"content_sha256":"a94fb752b67b4da5478bb93691a5a2871718b39ddd9cdfd40cef56d7622dfae0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a94fb752b67b4da5478bb93691a5a2871718b39ddd9cdfd40cef56d7622dfae0"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CEU2W2QFG7E6Y6NDK2AEL6PVQU/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CEU2W2QFG7E6Y6NDK2AEL6PVQU/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CEU2W2QFG7E6Y6NDK2AEL6PVQU/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-05T16:38:43Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/CEU2W2QFG7E6Y6NDK2AEL6PVQU","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/CEU2W2QFG7E6Y6NDK2AEL6PVQU/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/CEU2W2QFG7E6Y6NDK2AEL6PVQU/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CEU2W2QFG7E6Y6NDK2AEL6PVQU/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:CEU2W2QFG7E6Y6NDK2AEL6PVQU","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0118c17d66c3fd62e629ad284cc787e3f31e0cbc9cf197d15cc29ffff6e1681f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2017-05-02T16:12:51Z","title_canon_sha256":"1f16ef0f85bbdeb569947ae89e17ac37551c68a0d52df60d05bebb34836403e8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1705.01046","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1705.01046","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1705.01046v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1705.01046","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CEU2W2QFG7E6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CEU2W2QFG7E6Y6ND","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CEU2W2QF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:10Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a94fb752b67b4da5478bb93691a5a2871718b39ddd9cdfd40cef56d7622dfae0","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:08Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present a simple model for the development of shear layers between parallel flows in confining channels. Such flows are important across a wide range of topics from diffusers, nozzles and ducts to urban air flow and geophysical fluid dynamics. The model approximates the flow in the shear layer as a linear profile separating uniform-velocity streams. Both the channel geometry and wall drag affect the development of the flow. The model shows good agreement with both particle-image-velocimetry experiments and computational turbulence modelling. The low computational cost of the model allows it","authors_text":"AA Castrejon-Pita, CP Please, GP Benham, IJ Hewitt, P Bird, RW Style","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2017-05-02T16:12:51Z","title":"Turbulent shear layers in confining channels"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1705.01046","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:cbadefc99b2b4f2ccc7a316bd942061cb4e1e2882014c924007caaaa8160b783","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:08Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0118c17d66c3fd62e629ad284cc787e3f31e0cbc9cf197d15cc29ffff6e1681f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2017-05-02T16:12:51Z","title_canon_sha256":"1f16ef0f85bbdeb569947ae89e17ac37551c68a0d52df60d05bebb34836403e8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1705.01046","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"1129ab6a0537c9ec79a3568045f9f5853f538fd35a5f908270149818a469a331","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"1129ab6a0537c9ec79a3568045f9f5853f538fd35a5f908270149818a469a331","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:08.909096Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:08.909096Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"f/9q8tzyLfN01HMTsvDqjH1HfXEJKx2SA1lgnC/coj7elMZ2I1zX9OIyZWz+fCHdnM3qvS0RtDBCNPNMCGxiBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:19:08.909708Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1705.01046","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:cbadefc99b2b4f2ccc7a316bd942061cb4e1e2882014c924007caaaa8160b783","sha256:a94fb752b67b4da5478bb93691a5a2871718b39ddd9cdfd40cef56d7622dfae0"],"state_sha256":"060dc47547693d0c290461ff7789ac3e173d5bb11fbf90b07e86ee09a02fc21c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9GcbF6JgT5kcMPgCWl8u+QttKDv6KazNwdBmM6OAYYeor3RgSFBz7/sWhgJJRjzMOf2CjE7FmqPVjjEXxw2IBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T16:38:43.004835Z","bundle_sha256":"5e73936ab2be317794a19d88ea43e95ffd1595c822e505a2f09d611d2be2b8d7"}}