{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:CIJJ3O5RBO7NIE7P6OF6G5N44E","short_pith_number":"pith:CIJJ3O5R","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2504.11990","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-04-16T11:33:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR"],"title_canon_sha256":"b105d1e86e594a8c84d2f8543073402cff128ea2ebedaddbc37fcd93e94e7f46","abstract_canon_sha256":"75a45fd901e3a2337710c2ace81f541875c06780277499d3f41b96ea6043dc70"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"12129dbbb10bbed413eff38be375bce1061344acea90024bda7dad9cd07237ec","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2504.11990","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2504.11990","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2504.11990v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2504.11990","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CIJJ3O5RBO7N","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CIJJ3O5RBO7NIE7P","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CIJJ3O5R","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:CIJJ3O5RBO7NIE7P6OF6G5N44E","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2504.11990","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-04-16T11:33:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR"],"title_canon_sha256":"b105d1e86e594a8c84d2f8543073402cff128ea2ebedaddbc37fcd93e94e7f46","abstract_canon_sha256":"75a45fd901e3a2337710c2ace81f541875c06780277499d3f41b96ea6043dc70"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"12129dbbb10bbed413eff38be375bce1061344acea90024bda7dad9cd07237ec","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00.873420Z","signature_b64":"lJbHjI4AdWayGp/6kk2JbK+c+VKFLmtIbPSay1NGYKrLfDeTjLd+Y/Y3XRXB1+aISuc9bleEVaP4f9zwL3sBDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"12129dbbb10bbed413eff38be375bce1061344acea90024bda7dad9cd07237ec","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00.872936Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00.872936Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2504.11990","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"+M5XFL4sATpmtGqQUTVLmCtubWY/ardunn4+nZFkltEWVNm9x79v1figsEimWm0LD6s6yh+R1ziGxGckvfGVDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T05:38:32.355934Z"},"content_sha256":"ad1667b152e6e3bf0e6503deb60bdac5b069790adc607a858e6b6813954908e3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ad1667b152e6e3bf0e6503deb60bdac5b069790adc607a858e6b6813954908e3"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:CIJJ3O5RBO7NIE7P6OF6G5N44E","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Secure Transfer Learning: Training Clean Models Against Backdoor in (Both) Pre-trained Encoders and Downstream Datasets","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CR"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Leo Yu Zhang, Minghui Li, Shengshan Hu, Tianyu Li, Wei Luo, Yechao Zhang, Yuxuan Zhou","submitted_at":"2025-04-16T11:33:03Z","abstract_excerpt":"Transfer learning from pre-trained encoders has become essential in modern machine learning, enabling efficient model adaptation across diverse tasks. However, this combination of pre-training and downstream adaptation creates an expanded attack surface, exposing models to sophisticated backdoor embeddings at both the encoder and dataset levels--an area often overlooked in prior research. Additionally, the limited computational resources typically available to users of pre-trained encoders constrain the effectiveness of generic backdoor defenses compared to end-to-end training from scratch. In"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2504.11990","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2504.11990/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rbZ2PIVYdWx9ZIJPYBhjcA1RqLfdQsyr6F3/8e24LWb0kKzUHLGBAaCH9VvxHxRTl16xXlzSguQmDC0vngPJCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T05:38:32.356430Z"},"content_sha256":"a56971e0690b3c90491ec38022ef15fde6d97bffb973a998070c551fc745beb7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a56971e0690b3c90491ec38022ef15fde6d97bffb973a998070c551fc745beb7"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CIJJ3O5RBO7NIE7P6OF6G5N44E/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CIJJ3O5RBO7NIE7P6OF6G5N44E/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CIJJ3O5RBO7NIE7P6OF6G5N44E/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-17T05:38:32Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/CIJJ3O5RBO7NIE7P6OF6G5N44E","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/CIJJ3O5RBO7NIE7P6OF6G5N44E/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/CIJJ3O5RBO7NIE7P6OF6G5N44E/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CIJJ3O5RBO7NIE7P6OF6G5N44E/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:CIJJ3O5RBO7NIE7P6OF6G5N44E","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"75a45fd901e3a2337710c2ace81f541875c06780277499d3f41b96ea6043dc70","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-04-16T11:33:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"b105d1e86e594a8c84d2f8543073402cff128ea2ebedaddbc37fcd93e94e7f46"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2504.11990","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2504.11990","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2504.11990v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2504.11990","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CIJJ3O5RBO7N","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CIJJ3O5RBO7NIE7P","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CIJJ3O5R","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a56971e0690b3c90491ec38022ef15fde6d97bffb973a998070c551fc745beb7","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2504.11990/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Transfer learning from pre-trained encoders has become essential in modern machine learning, enabling efficient model adaptation across diverse tasks. However, this combination of pre-training and downstream adaptation creates an expanded attack surface, exposing models to sophisticated backdoor embeddings at both the encoder and dataset levels--an area often overlooked in prior research. Additionally, the limited computational resources typically available to users of pre-trained encoders constrain the effectiveness of generic backdoor defenses compared to end-to-end training from scratch. In","authors_text":"Leo Yu Zhang, Minghui Li, Shengshan Hu, Tianyu Li, Wei Luo, Yechao Zhang, Yuxuan Zhou","cross_cats":["cs.CR"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-04-16T11:33:03Z","title":"Secure Transfer Learning: Training Clean Models Against Backdoor in (Both) Pre-trained Encoders and Downstream Datasets"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2504.11990","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ad1667b152e6e3bf0e6503deb60bdac5b069790adc607a858e6b6813954908e3","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"75a45fd901e3a2337710c2ace81f541875c06780277499d3f41b96ea6043dc70","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-04-16T11:33:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"b105d1e86e594a8c84d2f8543073402cff128ea2ebedaddbc37fcd93e94e7f46"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2504.11990","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"12129dbbb10bbed413eff38be375bce1061344acea90024bda7dad9cd07237ec","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"12129dbbb10bbed413eff38be375bce1061344acea90024bda7dad9cd07237ec","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00.872936Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00.872936Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"lJbHjI4AdWayGp/6kk2JbK+c+VKFLmtIbPSay1NGYKrLfDeTjLd+Y/Y3XRXB1+aISuc9bleEVaP4f9zwL3sBDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:50:00.873420Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2504.11990","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ad1667b152e6e3bf0e6503deb60bdac5b069790adc607a858e6b6813954908e3","sha256:a56971e0690b3c90491ec38022ef15fde6d97bffb973a998070c551fc745beb7"],"state_sha256":"c66573ef4bfa7a3da3c5fced38129be387a786ff61bbda3546bc7c9482374723"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"iENOzsRv2HpePEREfRUpzRNQPOE6+V/CUOXV2DKjRER9wzoU6OVja2ynPON//zf3Zea7rkqa/zqzjnSZt6xoCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T05:38:32.361275Z","bundle_sha256":"772e9a8f2d8a0ea7bc652e1083e9e93fda614c604d657445a6e47bd693bca099"}}