{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2023:CK5ANXTGPDKFTZZ5UACQEPN6PB","short_pith_number":"pith:CK5ANXTG","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"12ba06de6678d459e73da005023dbe78686ae4387e86ceef55073c0b1959e7d2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2311.09144","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Grounding Gaps in Language Model Generations","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.HC"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Ashna Khetan, Dan Jurafsky, Diyi Yang, Kristina Gligori\\'c, Matthias Gerstgrasser, Omar Shaikh","submitted_at":"2023-11-15T17:40:27Z","abstract_excerpt":"Effective conversation requires common ground: a shared understanding between the participants. Common ground, however, does not emerge spontaneously in conversation. Speakers and listeners work together to both identify and construct a shared basis while avoiding misunderstanding. To accomplish grounding, humans rely on a range of dialogue acts, like clarification (What do you mean?) and acknowledgment (I understand.). However, it is unclear whether large language models (LLMs) generate text that reflects human grounding. To this end, we curate a set of grounding acts and propose correspondin"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2311.09144","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2023-11-15T17:40:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.HC"],"title_canon_sha256":"018a735f1e7a5d4001003d5d9f0ac3f64e7afa2b9bdd33c58369d14e7883640f","abstract_canon_sha256":"7a21916d8970ce40c04aee7cdb75aca6c5be763a4b51629efa6029ff492c8ceb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:45.826965Z","signature_b64":"ggr4Jmw60wdcXKofSHrCQxsS0wIwgJa1IkIMEFqJ+CFGs+r2VaqkJcEDuvy/fmpy+AGg5laWYvbuHf0LbO1rAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"12ba06de6678d459e73da005023dbe78686ae4387e86ceef55073c0b1959e7d2","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:45.826471Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:45.826471Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Grounding Gaps in Language Model Generations","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.HC"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Ashna Khetan, Dan Jurafsky, Diyi Yang, Kristina Gligori\\'c, Matthias Gerstgrasser, Omar Shaikh","submitted_at":"2023-11-15T17:40:27Z","abstract_excerpt":"Effective conversation requires common ground: a shared understanding between the participants. Common ground, however, does not emerge spontaneously in conversation. Speakers and listeners work together to both identify and construct a shared basis while avoiding misunderstanding. To accomplish grounding, humans rely on a range of dialogue acts, like clarification (What do you mean?) and acknowledgment (I understand.). However, it is unclear whether large language models (LLMs) generate text that reflects human grounding. To this end, we curate a set of grounding acts and propose correspondin"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2311.09144","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2311.09144/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2311.09144","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:45.826538+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2311.09144v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:45.826538+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2311.09144","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:45.826538+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CK5ANXTGPDKF","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:45.826538+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CK5ANXTGPDKFTZZ5","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:45.826538+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CK5ANXTG","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:45.826538+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/CK5ANXTGPDKFTZZ5UACQEPN6PB","json":"https://pith.science/pith/CK5ANXTGPDKFTZZ5UACQEPN6PB.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/CK5ANXTGPDKFTZZ5UACQEPN6PB/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/CK5ANXTGPDKFTZZ5UACQEPN6PB/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/CK5ANXTG"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/CK5ANXTGPDKFTZZ5UACQEPN6PB","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/CK5ANXTGPDKFTZZ5UACQEPN6PB.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/CK5ANXTG","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2311.09144&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/CK5ANXTGPDKFTZZ5UACQEPN6PB/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/CK5ANXTGPDKFTZZ5UACQEPN6PB/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/CK5ANXTGPDKFTZZ5UACQEPN6PB/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/CK5ANXTGPDKFTZZ5UACQEPN6PB/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/CK5ANXTGPDKFTZZ5UACQEPN6PB/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/CK5ANXTGPDKFTZZ5UACQEPN6PB/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/CK5ANXTGPDKFTZZ5UACQEPN6PB/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:45.826538+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T08:03:45.826538+00:00"}