{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:CL3IXV4N7WOWSFPF7I46OLDNAQ","short_pith_number":"pith:CL3IXV4N","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1901.06392","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2019-01-18T19:00:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c3e9f4cd3949503ab920d6d8cb884c881e13e53db97e438c4f66df446603f73d","abstract_canon_sha256":"7e191a6dae3350dec1dca6650c93a6857e7ea0814f8fc7726a5e4b49a0185e24"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"12f68bd78dfd9d6915e5fa39e72c6d042663dc19d8edcd50db1b2ceac6fe8526","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1901.06392","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1901.06392","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1901.06392v2","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1901.06392","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CL3IXV4N7WOW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CL3IXV4N7WOWSFPF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CL3IXV4N","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:15Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:CL3IXV4N7WOWSFPF7I46OLDNAQ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1901.06392","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2019-01-18T19:00:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c3e9f4cd3949503ab920d6d8cb884c881e13e53db97e438c4f66df446603f73d","abstract_canon_sha256":"7e191a6dae3350dec1dca6650c93a6857e7ea0814f8fc7726a5e4b49a0185e24"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"12f68bd78dfd9d6915e5fa39e72c6d042663dc19d8edcd50db1b2ceac6fe8526","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:29.579790Z","signature_b64":"tlNax5isx6ioAsMAfSoI8zzt/e2WeiIHtrTP540NhE3OjnJePmkMIS5EDQ48RyrUcpt+Z6eAvEZ1j4lY9rjbCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"12f68bd78dfd9d6915e5fa39e72c6d042663dc19d8edcd50db1b2ceac6fe8526","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:29.579297Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:29.579297Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1901.06392","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"y+i3tPdoMYUYrXp4dQbUmD5xuOc6NwtQ5d/Lfsl4cS/7bFgwSVcrFm9g7CdnNGvR3ww4OwANw4vHHiQam3CcAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T00:56:05.829424Z"},"content_sha256":"4c7a9d27463409cda150e6800664c03c9fd70b5e3d40d3b18f58ab4cc2dc8a59","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4c7a9d27463409cda150e6800664c03c9fd70b5e3d40d3b18f58ab4cc2dc8a59"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:CL3IXV4N7WOWSFPF7I46OLDNAQ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A general framework to test gravity using galaxy clusters II: A universal model for the halo concentration in $f(R)$ gravity","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"1), (2) Nanjing University), Baojiu Li (1) ((1) ICC, Christian Arnold (1), Durham University, Jian-hua He (2, Myles A. Mitchell (1)","submitted_at":"2019-01-18T19:00:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present a novel fitting formula for the halo concentration enhancement in chameleon $f(R)$ gravity relative to General Relativity (GR). The formula is derived by employing a large set of $N$-body simulations of the Hu-Sawicki $f(R)$ model which cover a wide range of model and cosmological parameters, resolutions and simulation box sizes. The complicated dependence of the concentration on halo mass $M$, redshift $z$, and the $f(R)$ and cosmological parameters can be combined into a simpler form that depends only on a rescaled mass $M/10^{p_2}$, with $p_2\\equiv1.5\\log_{10}\\left[|{\\bar{f}_R(z)"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1901.06392","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Xq2XBFD8aOdnV66QMwtD+NYKPur32qRLPK8RAiAyw9g1ksMgAsyD90amRv1OWzRpyGCu/ZZbhfo7cEbcuBcKDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T00:56:05.829798Z"},"content_sha256":"fbb2b494db756c80f46718e30c9e104d93e8ec7a6b1210109bae2f7d357fd45c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fbb2b494db756c80f46718e30c9e104d93e8ec7a6b1210109bae2f7d357fd45c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CL3IXV4N7WOWSFPF7I46OLDNAQ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CL3IXV4N7WOWSFPF7I46OLDNAQ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CL3IXV4N7WOWSFPF7I46OLDNAQ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T00:56:05Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/CL3IXV4N7WOWSFPF7I46OLDNAQ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/CL3IXV4N7WOWSFPF7I46OLDNAQ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/CL3IXV4N7WOWSFPF7I46OLDNAQ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CL3IXV4N7WOWSFPF7I46OLDNAQ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:CL3IXV4N7WOWSFPF7I46OLDNAQ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7e191a6dae3350dec1dca6650c93a6857e7ea0814f8fc7726a5e4b49a0185e24","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2019-01-18T19:00:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"c3e9f4cd3949503ab920d6d8cb884c881e13e53db97e438c4f66df446603f73d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1901.06392","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1901.06392","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1901.06392v2","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1901.06392","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CL3IXV4N7WOW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CL3IXV4N7WOWSFPF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CL3IXV4N","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:15Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:fbb2b494db756c80f46718e30c9e104d93e8ec7a6b1210109bae2f7d357fd45c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present a novel fitting formula for the halo concentration enhancement in chameleon $f(R)$ gravity relative to General Relativity (GR). The formula is derived by employing a large set of $N$-body simulations of the Hu-Sawicki $f(R)$ model which cover a wide range of model and cosmological parameters, resolutions and simulation box sizes. The complicated dependence of the concentration on halo mass $M$, redshift $z$, and the $f(R)$ and cosmological parameters can be combined into a simpler form that depends only on a rescaled mass $M/10^{p_2}$, with $p_2\\equiv1.5\\log_{10}\\left[|{\\bar{f}_R(z)","authors_text":"1), (2) Nanjing University), Baojiu Li (1) ((1) ICC, Christian Arnold (1), Durham University, Jian-hua He (2, Myles A. Mitchell (1)","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2019-01-18T19:00:04Z","title":"A general framework to test gravity using galaxy clusters II: A universal model for the halo concentration in $f(R)$ gravity"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1901.06392","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4c7a9d27463409cda150e6800664c03c9fd70b5e3d40d3b18f58ab4cc2dc8a59","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7e191a6dae3350dec1dca6650c93a6857e7ea0814f8fc7726a5e4b49a0185e24","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2019-01-18T19:00:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"c3e9f4cd3949503ab920d6d8cb884c881e13e53db97e438c4f66df446603f73d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1901.06392","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"12f68bd78dfd9d6915e5fa39e72c6d042663dc19d8edcd50db1b2ceac6fe8526","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"12f68bd78dfd9d6915e5fa39e72c6d042663dc19d8edcd50db1b2ceac6fe8526","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:29.579297Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:29.579297Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"tlNax5isx6ioAsMAfSoI8zzt/e2WeiIHtrTP540NhE3OjnJePmkMIS5EDQ48RyrUcpt+Z6eAvEZ1j4lY9rjbCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:44:29.579790Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1901.06392","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4c7a9d27463409cda150e6800664c03c9fd70b5e3d40d3b18f58ab4cc2dc8a59","sha256:fbb2b494db756c80f46718e30c9e104d93e8ec7a6b1210109bae2f7d357fd45c"],"state_sha256":"7aeeb696021c2a4102f38e0554bed3d2b60510ff5b7fe81b9632c468fd1313a1"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"VLZab+nHgFRiPRFLYwQqZmQlRFnkGRXYpn0H8G/f0wgJFiksrsq/2b9zfHIm5d8SyijZv7uwyny5d79D9ZcOAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T00:56:05.831852Z","bundle_sha256":"ac0307a855b69e3724a3dc25a7a0d172417394d600eba047cd75ab29ca0b99d2"}}