{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:CL4CLLCOCQWSD33YD6GEIXXDIM","short_pith_number":"pith:CL4CLLCO","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2310.03594","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2023-10-05T15:16:39Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE","hep-ph","hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"ccea43546f3c3bfc6b8c62070a8a1f9057ed4b181f45d4529d4b01defd14e288","abstract_canon_sha256":"1d79db8a1acab78be819de727329f013082d07e81ec80c5dfe135f338f6405a9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"12f825ac4e142d21ef781f8c445ee343195c7b1806b9b7d3426896e780e998c3","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2310.03594","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2310.03594","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2310.03594v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2310.03594","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CL4CLLCOCQWS","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CL4CLLCOCQWSD33Y","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CL4CLLCO","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:CL4CLLCOCQWSD33YD6GEIXXDIM","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2310.03594","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2023-10-05T15:16:39Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE","hep-ph","hep-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"ccea43546f3c3bfc6b8c62070a8a1f9057ed4b181f45d4529d4b01defd14e288","abstract_canon_sha256":"1d79db8a1acab78be819de727329f013082d07e81ec80c5dfe135f338f6405a9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"12f825ac4e142d21ef781f8c445ee343195c7b1806b9b7d3426896e780e998c3","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40.091185Z","signature_b64":"b/9EdiCIj1dZ359opN8h1QaVp8J/0Dnx1THdM+4mJtioy3PsKI0OxyF8P0pf5ce6QsIg/BpvSJ2zoGsRgR5sBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"12f825ac4e142d21ef781f8c445ee343195c7b1806b9b7d3426896e780e998c3","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40.090681Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40.090681Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2310.03594","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CUKHo8HrN79xwx/tKBdVfev2Yk6CxvmeCbOdzSLm8N5rZ6iRATJMx4XUbuj98tzAYwcMC43fnD2awzEyGHt+BQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T19:32:08.665513Z"},"content_sha256":"d14d9b278abd71402d3030f5635689ff12667451907c71168c9f7a82ff4ff628","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d14d9b278abd71402d3030f5635689ff12667451907c71168c9f7a82ff4ff628"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:CL4CLLCOCQWSD33YD6GEIXXDIM","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Axion-like Universal Gravitational Wave Interpretation of Pulsar Timing Array Data","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.HE","hep-ph","hep-th"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Ao Wang, Kaloian D. Lozanov, Misao Sasaki, Shi Pi, Volodymyr Takhistov","submitted_at":"2023-10-05T15:16:39Z","abstract_excerpt":"Formation of cosmological solitons is generically accompanied by production of gravitational waves (GWs), with a universal GW background expected at frequency scales below that of non-linear dynamics. Beginning with a general phenomenological description of GWs associated with soliton formation, we demonstrate that universal GW background from axion-like particle (ALP) solitonic oscillons provides a viable interpretation to the recent NANOGrav 15 year pulsar timing array data, which does not suffer from the overproduction of primordial black holes. We show that pulsar timing array data display"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2310.03594","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2310.03594/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"S+hJIN6wtaS5eCbdRmRzwMFzYgoKFws+1qDyTjsAZ1KxCDShlnCExx6lEbBe19f2gVw5Bx9eoRRZ1v/LXTwCDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T19:32:08.666006Z"},"content_sha256":"25fca6122bca9c7f91b50fd52f1e6f29fc5ea58b44bb3fcf9e7740d455583ca1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:25fca6122bca9c7f91b50fd52f1e6f29fc5ea58b44bb3fcf9e7740d455583ca1"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CL4CLLCOCQWSD33YD6GEIXXDIM/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CL4CLLCOCQWSD33YD6GEIXXDIM/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CL4CLLCOCQWSD33YD6GEIXXDIM/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-11T19:32:08Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/CL4CLLCOCQWSD33YD6GEIXXDIM","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/CL4CLLCOCQWSD33YD6GEIXXDIM/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/CL4CLLCOCQWSD33YD6GEIXXDIM/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CL4CLLCOCQWSD33YD6GEIXXDIM/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:CL4CLLCOCQWSD33YD6GEIXXDIM","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1d79db8a1acab78be819de727329f013082d07e81ec80c5dfe135f338f6405a9","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE","hep-ph","hep-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2023-10-05T15:16:39Z","title_canon_sha256":"ccea43546f3c3bfc6b8c62070a8a1f9057ed4b181f45d4529d4b01defd14e288"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2310.03594","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2310.03594","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2310.03594v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2310.03594","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CL4CLLCOCQWS","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CL4CLLCOCQWSD33Y","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CL4CLLCO","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:25fca6122bca9c7f91b50fd52f1e6f29fc5ea58b44bb3fcf9e7740d455583ca1","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2310.03594/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Formation of cosmological solitons is generically accompanied by production of gravitational waves (GWs), with a universal GW background expected at frequency scales below that of non-linear dynamics. Beginning with a general phenomenological description of GWs associated with soliton formation, we demonstrate that universal GW background from axion-like particle (ALP) solitonic oscillons provides a viable interpretation to the recent NANOGrav 15 year pulsar timing array data, which does not suffer from the overproduction of primordial black holes. We show that pulsar timing array data display","authors_text":"Ao Wang, Kaloian D. Lozanov, Misao Sasaki, Shi Pi, Volodymyr Takhistov","cross_cats":["astro-ph.HE","hep-ph","hep-th"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2023-10-05T15:16:39Z","title":"Axion-like Universal Gravitational Wave Interpretation of Pulsar Timing Array Data"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2310.03594","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d14d9b278abd71402d3030f5635689ff12667451907c71168c9f7a82ff4ff628","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1d79db8a1acab78be819de727329f013082d07e81ec80c5dfe135f338f6405a9","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE","hep-ph","hep-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2023-10-05T15:16:39Z","title_canon_sha256":"ccea43546f3c3bfc6b8c62070a8a1f9057ed4b181f45d4529d4b01defd14e288"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2310.03594","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"12f825ac4e142d21ef781f8c445ee343195c7b1806b9b7d3426896e780e998c3","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"12f825ac4e142d21ef781f8c445ee343195c7b1806b9b7d3426896e780e998c3","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40.090681Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40.090681Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"b/9EdiCIj1dZ359opN8h1QaVp8J/0Dnx1THdM+4mJtioy3PsKI0OxyF8P0pf5ce6QsIg/BpvSJ2zoGsRgR5sBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:05:40.091185Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2310.03594","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d14d9b278abd71402d3030f5635689ff12667451907c71168c9f7a82ff4ff628","sha256:25fca6122bca9c7f91b50fd52f1e6f29fc5ea58b44bb3fcf9e7740d455583ca1"],"state_sha256":"3f2a2ac0158f082521dc6b6ad3be9687526858e37ab3274300aee850ed74367c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7yVsgAUv0pc+ro/t+/DECFtWNDwUNLt5oum/R9QHZoAhGQbuxUCrXndJthCWiQuXjxxebJ8zvHrNSeltpyCSBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T19:32:08.670449Z","bundle_sha256":"553b781bc3e5e7458e3edc14dace873d9b0739da1136c391e3859fe637832a9f"}}