{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:CLC35OECZ3DPFGLBR6BQMACFG7","short_pith_number":"pith:CLC35OEC","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2212.09860","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"eess.IV","submitted_at":"2022-12-19T21:18:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"title_canon_sha256":"4fb5f5e8dc9ac9d8569efea2010632c0cba72a1a3f904d92e40a4e391b29d47b","abstract_canon_sha256":"5079dedb1d39e2aeae8b08bde3831d6d7a34527974162ee078932ee41f88498e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"12c5beb882cec6f299618f8306004537e006400a293bdc5211158e84b63fa7e4","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2212.09860","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2212.09860","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2212.09860v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2212.09860","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CLC35OECZ3DP","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CLC35OECZ3DPFGLB","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CLC35OEC","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:CLC35OECZ3DPFGLBR6BQMACFG7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2212.09860","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"eess.IV","submitted_at":"2022-12-19T21:18:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"title_canon_sha256":"4fb5f5e8dc9ac9d8569efea2010632c0cba72a1a3f904d92e40a4e391b29d47b","abstract_canon_sha256":"5079dedb1d39e2aeae8b08bde3831d6d7a34527974162ee078932ee41f88498e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"12c5beb882cec6f299618f8306004537e006400a293bdc5211158e84b63fa7e4","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00.841177Z","signature_b64":"RY08Ac6SWIGLB7pes1WWZDKhalehT1lHtxrVgaNbBqVkiIBUK2J9NxFFYXmhrPF+T6J73LamkzvQrM99ja1HCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"12c5beb882cec6f299618f8306004537e006400a293bdc5211158e84b63fa7e4","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00.840756Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00.840756Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2212.09860","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"dkYDqR4I2lH83FbU/kD8inirGff4LHinLyaOtyIzbLlTfux6Ren+KIZZv7TcyOnYET+jwjzI1Q636JhrsPJjBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-14T09:55:19.124024Z"},"content_sha256":"ba31d65b28b51a28302d86605d4c617958ebed8dcac9eda78458b444627fe435","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ba31d65b28b51a28302d86605d4c617958ebed8dcac9eda78458b444627fe435"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:CLC35OECZ3DPFGLBR6BQMACFG7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Predicting Ejection Fraction from Chest X-rays Using Computer Vision for Diagnosing Heart Failure","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CV"],"primary_cat":"eess.IV","authors_text":"Kexuan Liang, Rohan Doshi, Walt Williams, Yanran Li","submitted_at":"2022-12-19T21:18:27Z","abstract_excerpt":"Heart failure remains a major public health challenge with growing costs. Ejection fraction (EF) is a key metric for the diagnosis and management of heart failure however estimation of EF using echocardiography remains expensive for the healthcare system and subject to intra/inter operator variability. While chest x-rays (CXR) are quick, inexpensive, and require less expertise, they do not provide sufficient information to the human eye to estimate EF. This work explores the efficacy of computer vision techniques to predict reduced EF solely from CXRs. We studied a dataset of 3488 CXRs from th"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2212.09860","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2212.09860/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"gEkT//ykVzUFe6vsRWfVfnxE7rQkqfROapJxK9TTlzpsCUBIUXoiFPNMmt37jIYAxpPlqS0wHzK4YnhkLtx/Cw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-14T09:55:19.124413Z"},"content_sha256":"fac077a87e1f633610df693f4281281763887020fb152ab86551ba1bcf564ca4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fac077a87e1f633610df693f4281281763887020fb152ab86551ba1bcf564ca4"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CLC35OECZ3DPFGLBR6BQMACFG7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CLC35OECZ3DPFGLBR6BQMACFG7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CLC35OECZ3DPFGLBR6BQMACFG7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-14T09:55:19Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/CLC35OECZ3DPFGLBR6BQMACFG7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/CLC35OECZ3DPFGLBR6BQMACFG7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/CLC35OECZ3DPFGLBR6BQMACFG7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CLC35OECZ3DPFGLBR6BQMACFG7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:CLC35OECZ3DPFGLBR6BQMACFG7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5079dedb1d39e2aeae8b08bde3831d6d7a34527974162ee078932ee41f88498e","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"eess.IV","submitted_at":"2022-12-19T21:18:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"4fb5f5e8dc9ac9d8569efea2010632c0cba72a1a3f904d92e40a4e391b29d47b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2212.09860","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2212.09860","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2212.09860v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2212.09860","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CLC35OECZ3DP","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CLC35OECZ3DPFGLB","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CLC35OEC","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:fac077a87e1f633610df693f4281281763887020fb152ab86551ba1bcf564ca4","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2212.09860/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Heart failure remains a major public health challenge with growing costs. Ejection fraction (EF) is a key metric for the diagnosis and management of heart failure however estimation of EF using echocardiography remains expensive for the healthcare system and subject to intra/inter operator variability. While chest x-rays (CXR) are quick, inexpensive, and require less expertise, they do not provide sufficient information to the human eye to estimate EF. This work explores the efficacy of computer vision techniques to predict reduced EF solely from CXRs. We studied a dataset of 3488 CXRs from th","authors_text":"Kexuan Liang, Rohan Doshi, Walt Williams, Yanran Li","cross_cats":["cs.CV"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"eess.IV","submitted_at":"2022-12-19T21:18:27Z","title":"Predicting Ejection Fraction from Chest X-rays Using Computer Vision for Diagnosing Heart Failure"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2212.09860","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ba31d65b28b51a28302d86605d4c617958ebed8dcac9eda78458b444627fe435","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5079dedb1d39e2aeae8b08bde3831d6d7a34527974162ee078932ee41f88498e","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"eess.IV","submitted_at":"2022-12-19T21:18:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"4fb5f5e8dc9ac9d8569efea2010632c0cba72a1a3f904d92e40a4e391b29d47b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2212.09860","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"12c5beb882cec6f299618f8306004537e006400a293bdc5211158e84b63fa7e4","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"12c5beb882cec6f299618f8306004537e006400a293bdc5211158e84b63fa7e4","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00.840756Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00.840756Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"RY08Ac6SWIGLB7pes1WWZDKhalehT1lHtxrVgaNbBqVkiIBUK2J9NxFFYXmhrPF+T6J73LamkzvQrM99ja1HCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:28:00.841177Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2212.09860","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ba31d65b28b51a28302d86605d4c617958ebed8dcac9eda78458b444627fe435","sha256:fac077a87e1f633610df693f4281281763887020fb152ab86551ba1bcf564ca4"],"state_sha256":"e52f92d9fb088235947e61df1ac25fbdc3589cbc95fde7f9f0cd8aaab6ddf5ab"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"pXqTyaDCDO1YLAOFv1H2btvzdb9D9g8X1zqC8mGb/kJtL4sz/iXmIRL9X4delCWqooAr9t0U1SdoH2582GD4Bw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-14T09:55:19.127201Z","bundle_sha256":"814fbf05e4742dfa507dd46af14dfb224d0443aded2236108c89eb158d6f0da5"}}