{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:CMI42ATKBTAA7TIUM4GK5F46HB","short_pith_number":"pith:CMI42ATK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1908.02210","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.ET","submitted_at":"2019-08-06T15:23:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":["quant-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"a98a1678f4d02a338e98ded625c68d7d0584396ee65b04b3a99cd25f1f8b6418","abstract_canon_sha256":"160097a3809f51572e5f8a28d93686c9bf51d27fd41dee60c20d093b903890b4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1311cd026a0cc00fcd14670cae979e384cdccb931de174f96aa5fb7858b7c89c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1908.02210","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1908.02210","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1908.02210v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1908.02210","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CMI42ATKBTAA","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CMI42ATKBTAA7TIU","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CMI42ATK","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:CMI42ATKBTAA7TIUM4GK5F46HB","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1908.02210","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.ET","submitted_at":"2019-08-06T15:23:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":["quant-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"a98a1678f4d02a338e98ded625c68d7d0584396ee65b04b3a99cd25f1f8b6418","abstract_canon_sha256":"160097a3809f51572e5f8a28d93686c9bf51d27fd41dee60c20d093b903890b4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1311cd026a0cc00fcd14670cae979e384cdccb931de174f96aa5fb7858b7c89c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49.367862Z","signature_b64":"OlkHavo+zBXB9cMrmCMN4lkqDmfdrYO7jUYYVpORYUB1T/eadXacKST+bKMVBn5eEmndRNRNrFwjU4mQgu2pBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"1311cd026a0cc00fcd14670cae979e384cdccb931de174f96aa5fb7858b7c89c","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49.367402Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49.367402Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1908.02210","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vpMRTI3paq3QRQBnghfI80215ySB7WUPAPky/UXpNrqa78mu/8nfvHmQGPzjFGiA/zz+M4mRvPIFTjgzUa7HDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T09:39:33.971570Z"},"content_sha256":"7889c6dc862e238baabb7b292d542c8adfe19cf8e1e6e6ccb79cccd2806a29de","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7889c6dc862e238baabb7b292d542c8adfe19cf8e1e6e6ccb79cccd2806a29de"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:CMI42ATKBTAA7TIUM4GK5F46HB","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Knapsack Problem variants of QAOA for battery revenue optimisation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["quant-ph"],"primary_cat":"cs.ET","authors_text":"Jean-Francois Hullo, Pierre Dupuy de la Grand'rive","submitted_at":"2019-08-06T15:23:34Z","abstract_excerpt":"We implement two Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm (QAOA) variants for a battery revenue optimisation problem, equivalent to the weakly NP-hard Knapsack Problem. Both approaches investigate how to tackle constrained problems with QAOA. A first 'constrained' approach introduces a quadratic penalty to enforce the constraint to be respected strictly and reformulates the problem into an Ising Problem. However, simulations on IBM's simulator highlight non-convergent results for intermediate depth ($ p\\leq 50$). A second 'relaxed' approach applies the QAOA with a non-Ising target function t"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1908.02210","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1908.02210/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fLRY+PLWKeAkca5qg1gd1RDS8r2skEYCI8sZw1sN2VQHsRx5LI+kwQgvl9bZ1tDHEvfsomVRB94zkLxYfLYYCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T09:39:33.972846Z"},"content_sha256":"54af9d5e4ab4f88a1311a8f60cb07ef1fc7d13759680d1068a5ebd6f8847260a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:54af9d5e4ab4f88a1311a8f60cb07ef1fc7d13759680d1068a5ebd6f8847260a"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CMI42ATKBTAA7TIUM4GK5F46HB/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CMI42ATKBTAA7TIUM4GK5F46HB/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CMI42ATKBTAA7TIUM4GK5F46HB/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-16T09:39:33Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/CMI42ATKBTAA7TIUM4GK5F46HB","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/CMI42ATKBTAA7TIUM4GK5F46HB/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/CMI42ATKBTAA7TIUM4GK5F46HB/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CMI42ATKBTAA7TIUM4GK5F46HB/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:CMI42ATKBTAA7TIUM4GK5F46HB","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"160097a3809f51572e5f8a28d93686c9bf51d27fd41dee60c20d093b903890b4","cross_cats_sorted":["quant-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.ET","submitted_at":"2019-08-06T15:23:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"a98a1678f4d02a338e98ded625c68d7d0584396ee65b04b3a99cd25f1f8b6418"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1908.02210","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1908.02210","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1908.02210v2","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1908.02210","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CMI42ATKBTAA","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CMI42ATKBTAA7TIU","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CMI42ATK","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:54af9d5e4ab4f88a1311a8f60cb07ef1fc7d13759680d1068a5ebd6f8847260a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1908.02210/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We implement two Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm (QAOA) variants for a battery revenue optimisation problem, equivalent to the weakly NP-hard Knapsack Problem. Both approaches investigate how to tackle constrained problems with QAOA. A first 'constrained' approach introduces a quadratic penalty to enforce the constraint to be respected strictly and reformulates the problem into an Ising Problem. However, simulations on IBM's simulator highlight non-convergent results for intermediate depth ($ p\\leq 50$). A second 'relaxed' approach applies the QAOA with a non-Ising target function t","authors_text":"Jean-Francois Hullo, Pierre Dupuy de la Grand'rive","cross_cats":["quant-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.ET","submitted_at":"2019-08-06T15:23:34Z","title":"Knapsack Problem variants of QAOA for battery revenue optimisation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1908.02210","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:7889c6dc862e238baabb7b292d542c8adfe19cf8e1e6e6ccb79cccd2806a29de","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"160097a3809f51572e5f8a28d93686c9bf51d27fd41dee60c20d093b903890b4","cross_cats_sorted":["quant-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.ET","submitted_at":"2019-08-06T15:23:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"a98a1678f4d02a338e98ded625c68d7d0584396ee65b04b3a99cd25f1f8b6418"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1908.02210","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"1311cd026a0cc00fcd14670cae979e384cdccb931de174f96aa5fb7858b7c89c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"1311cd026a0cc00fcd14670cae979e384cdccb931de174f96aa5fb7858b7c89c","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49.367402Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49.367402Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"OlkHavo+zBXB9cMrmCMN4lkqDmfdrYO7jUYYVpORYUB1T/eadXacKST+bKMVBn5eEmndRNRNrFwjU4mQgu2pBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T23:56:49.367862Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1908.02210","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:7889c6dc862e238baabb7b292d542c8adfe19cf8e1e6e6ccb79cccd2806a29de","sha256:54af9d5e4ab4f88a1311a8f60cb07ef1fc7d13759680d1068a5ebd6f8847260a"],"state_sha256":"278e3b8ae2d2ee609f9ded934d02b26644e6b51e7f6e79885dfb37ba97303b18"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"af3WfLaAHHj42+p6xI9EejTg65etkfiXf6qFj0sf0U7glGO3vLtXM0u1x/l+grZOFZ6NfmkJM91pqRUeMu92CQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T09:39:33.977750Z","bundle_sha256":"0b29689bb72f82f2cc1e3d3d20107838f4212a46fbcb464e56768cc4a946a299"}}