{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:COVYMGUW5VI5CQOO7VVCPDOYJ4","short_pith_number":"pith:COVYMGUW","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2506.21777","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2025-06-26T21:22:53Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"aa8d8d7c36c4f4f3104c86968d8914548ad5a057ae08ac7575d6e36f5110dcae","abstract_canon_sha256":"15e21b3760ef156b45ba83eab7ec4570697a17a86d72e55e5fc7eed89ede6780"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"13ab861a96ed51d141cefd6a278dd84f216d52e8927407699c610eb51e933f58","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2506.21777","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2506.21777","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2506.21777v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2506.21777","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"COVYMGUW5VI5","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"COVYMGUW5VI5CQOO","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"COVYMGUW","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:COVYMGUW5VI5CQOO7VVCPDOYJ4","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2506.21777","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2025-06-26T21:22:53Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"aa8d8d7c36c4f4f3104c86968d8914548ad5a057ae08ac7575d6e36f5110dcae","abstract_canon_sha256":"15e21b3760ef156b45ba83eab7ec4570697a17a86d72e55e5fc7eed89ede6780"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"13ab861a96ed51d141cefd6a278dd84f216d52e8927407699c610eb51e933f58","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00.842634Z","signature_b64":"qb/o9aL1Y3dI2ceZYYfZB0dCniNlgVMZ1sSEgKv2+ol7rH74+neo3MoarvGPe9nk06tPbfT+wDky40oKvWwXDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"13ab861a96ed51d141cefd6a278dd84f216d52e8927407699c610eb51e933f58","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00.842144Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00.842144Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2506.21777","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tTJGalR5knvrIthFyRFQ47xo5X3oPR1JF5wCKvs1hkfuWED+/n3BMw4sZ3SpcO/ahsilPM6NBXmAXrLuD0izAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T17:10:34.299405Z"},"content_sha256":"f342db6b5ec4027e02e0fc2a93a47ce9ec7cac86efd16381c849493f7fe6cdf7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f342db6b5ec4027e02e0fc2a93a47ce9ec7cac86efd16381c849493f7fe6cdf7"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:COVYMGUW5VI5CQOO7VVCPDOYJ4","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Efficient Estimation of Causal Effects Under Two-Phase Sampling with Error-Prone Outcome and Treatment Measurements","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"stat.ME","authors_text":"Bryan E. Shepherd, Giovanni Parmigiani, Keith Barnatchez, Kevin P. Josey, Nima S. Hejazi, Rachel Nethery","submitted_at":"2025-06-26T21:22:53Z","abstract_excerpt":"Measurement error is a common challenge for causal inference studies using electronic health record (EHR) data, where clinical outcomes and treatments are frequently mismeasured. Researchers often address measurement error by conducting manual chart reviews to validate measurements in a subset of the full EHR data -- a form of two-phase sampling. To improve efficiency, phase-two samples are often collected in a biased manner dependent on the patients' initial, error-prone measurements. In this work, motivated by our aim of performing causal inference with error-prone outcome and treatment meas"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2506.21777","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2506.21777/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fn2CkujA97zcl2EBZ9kEBJzeESb4Tym2VScy9kVnphqj392wFfzxx0YJb+7x32GsMa5gB16R2jyJHJtjZR8aDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T17:10:34.300411Z"},"content_sha256":"255b90b4fe3bf4305d9c11e757858b7d3367e496fc384bd430a978fed44e1795","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:255b90b4fe3bf4305d9c11e757858b7d3367e496fc384bd430a978fed44e1795"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/COVYMGUW5VI5CQOO7VVCPDOYJ4/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/COVYMGUW5VI5CQOO7VVCPDOYJ4/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/COVYMGUW5VI5CQOO7VVCPDOYJ4/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-07T17:10:34Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/COVYMGUW5VI5CQOO7VVCPDOYJ4","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/COVYMGUW5VI5CQOO7VVCPDOYJ4/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/COVYMGUW5VI5CQOO7VVCPDOYJ4/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/COVYMGUW5VI5CQOO7VVCPDOYJ4/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:COVYMGUW5VI5CQOO7VVCPDOYJ4","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"15e21b3760ef156b45ba83eab7ec4570697a17a86d72e55e5fc7eed89ede6780","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2025-06-26T21:22:53Z","title_canon_sha256":"aa8d8d7c36c4f4f3104c86968d8914548ad5a057ae08ac7575d6e36f5110dcae"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2506.21777","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2506.21777","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2506.21777v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2506.21777","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"COVYMGUW5VI5","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"COVYMGUW5VI5CQOO","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"COVYMGUW","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:255b90b4fe3bf4305d9c11e757858b7d3367e496fc384bd430a978fed44e1795","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2506.21777/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Measurement error is a common challenge for causal inference studies using electronic health record (EHR) data, where clinical outcomes and treatments are frequently mismeasured. Researchers often address measurement error by conducting manual chart reviews to validate measurements in a subset of the full EHR data -- a form of two-phase sampling. To improve efficiency, phase-two samples are often collected in a biased manner dependent on the patients' initial, error-prone measurements. In this work, motivated by our aim of performing causal inference with error-prone outcome and treatment meas","authors_text":"Bryan E. Shepherd, Giovanni Parmigiani, Keith Barnatchez, Kevin P. Josey, Nima S. Hejazi, Rachel Nethery","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2025-06-26T21:22:53Z","title":"Efficient Estimation of Causal Effects Under Two-Phase Sampling with Error-Prone Outcome and Treatment Measurements"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2506.21777","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f342db6b5ec4027e02e0fc2a93a47ce9ec7cac86efd16381c849493f7fe6cdf7","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"15e21b3760ef156b45ba83eab7ec4570697a17a86d72e55e5fc7eed89ede6780","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2025-06-26T21:22:53Z","title_canon_sha256":"aa8d8d7c36c4f4f3104c86968d8914548ad5a057ae08ac7575d6e36f5110dcae"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2506.21777","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"13ab861a96ed51d141cefd6a278dd84f216d52e8927407699c610eb51e933f58","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"13ab861a96ed51d141cefd6a278dd84f216d52e8927407699c610eb51e933f58","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00.842144Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00.842144Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"qb/o9aL1Y3dI2ceZYYfZB0dCniNlgVMZ1sSEgKv2+ol7rH74+neo3MoarvGPe9nk06tPbfT+wDky40oKvWwXDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:28:00.842634Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2506.21777","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f342db6b5ec4027e02e0fc2a93a47ce9ec7cac86efd16381c849493f7fe6cdf7","sha256:255b90b4fe3bf4305d9c11e757858b7d3367e496fc384bd430a978fed44e1795"],"state_sha256":"6f51ec55d2a25771651927d5883c02c35292ac6cf8fb0524e5b21c8d284b2656"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nAu+kvusKMpcA7k6wGk6sZe05mWR98gcA8DKkGtjollgzhJ7O8uGaQ8OfRnjrTHAW76/iwZhMGlsALHWUkXUAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-07T17:10:34.309939Z","bundle_sha256":"36b379ecc067730f8c561a58bea5cbdb9a5d9a09a09267b83daff5efa7e4ed74"}}