{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:CQ5AGYDWRJ2R7UMEH4STNFFLNV","short_pith_number":"pith:CQ5AGYDW","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0909.5362","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2009-09-29T15:08:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"82d56e77d95535d71482728bff26e1e197dc21f5169c5215687a4155160d3811","abstract_canon_sha256":"dba7ea2c622b4a5768ce7929c9921e8e20650e659851de345c4c766e9f2d16d1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"143a0360768a751fd1843f253694ab6d4b787d2b5258e9a39df8f1a45127aee3","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"0909.5362","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0909.5362","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0909.5362v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0909.5362","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CQ5AGYDWRJ2R","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CQ5AGYDWRJ2R7UME","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CQ5AGYDW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:59Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:CQ5AGYDWRJ2R7UMEH4STNFFLNV","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0909.5362","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2009-09-29T15:08:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"82d56e77d95535d71482728bff26e1e197dc21f5169c5215687a4155160d3811","abstract_canon_sha256":"dba7ea2c622b4a5768ce7929c9921e8e20650e659851de345c4c766e9f2d16d1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"143a0360768a751fd1843f253694ab6d4b787d2b5258e9a39df8f1a45127aee3","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:20.821897Z","signature_b64":"YjMgmhy1iL97YCZKaeDLCUgilDL7c7BrBOZL+0jjYJ2vPARojZT2FsIpfSUL+pNpQFj3ep2mqjIRtCsZMRAUCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"143a0360768a751fd1843f253694ab6d4b787d2b5258e9a39df8f1a45127aee3","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:20.821455Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:20.821455Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"0909.5362","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:20Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Zs8oaGDD6L0vKj+lGyibZiA58dkS7Ked3F6AwSmSgzrCp+YEyKGJGgC2QSSb5aeGvohKY+522/+BKCFAV1jLCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T02:28:20.033820Z"},"content_sha256":"79b97f77de3fc869db24b70e63ce70ffa2aca528c07f1d49188e090a600e84c4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:79b97f77de3fc869db24b70e63ce70ffa2aca528c07f1d49188e090a600e84c4"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:CQ5AGYDWRJ2R7UMEH4STNFFLNV","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Effect of Background Evolution on the Curvaton Non-Gaussianity","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["hep-ph"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Kari Enqvist, Tomo Takahashi","submitted_at":"2009-09-29T15:08:44Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate how the background evolution affects the curvature perturbations generated by the curvaton, assuming a curvaton potential that may deviate slightly from the quadratic one, and parameterizing the background fluid density as \\rho\\propto a^{-\\alpha}, where a is the scale factor, and \\alpha depends on the background fluid. It turns out that the more there is deviation from the quadratic case, the more pronounced is the dependence of the curvature perturbation on \\alpha. We also show that the background can have a significant effect on the nonlinearity parameters f_NL and g_NL. As an"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0909.5362","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:20Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UD5YOpzjl1/TdmcKUw9+dZhI4ri+k4fMXhY7s9qfQXYyNA8pfY74r8/H7OCJt6rzoR3BlZudAOkcgWQ5W2X5Dg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T02:28:20.034552Z"},"content_sha256":"cd8b0d120243a509af3ed3e8c27b5cf3f91924f2ac7419bc0ac68708ece56977","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cd8b0d120243a509af3ed3e8c27b5cf3f91924f2ac7419bc0ac68708ece56977"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CQ5AGYDWRJ2R7UMEH4STNFFLNV/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/CQ5AGYDWRJ2R7UMEH4STNFFLNV/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CQ5AGYDWRJ2R7UMEH4STNFFLNV/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-30T02:28:20Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/CQ5AGYDWRJ2R7UMEH4STNFFLNV","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/CQ5AGYDWRJ2R7UMEH4STNFFLNV/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/CQ5AGYDWRJ2R7UMEH4STNFFLNV/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/CQ5AGYDWRJ2R7UMEH4STNFFLNV/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:CQ5AGYDWRJ2R7UMEH4STNFFLNV","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"dba7ea2c622b4a5768ce7929c9921e8e20650e659851de345c4c766e9f2d16d1","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2009-09-29T15:08:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"82d56e77d95535d71482728bff26e1e197dc21f5169c5215687a4155160d3811"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0909.5362","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0909.5362","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0909.5362v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0909.5362","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"CQ5AGYDWRJ2R","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"CQ5AGYDWRJ2R7UME","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"CQ5AGYDW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:59Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:cd8b0d120243a509af3ed3e8c27b5cf3f91924f2ac7419bc0ac68708ece56977","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:20Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We investigate how the background evolution affects the curvature perturbations generated by the curvaton, assuming a curvaton potential that may deviate slightly from the quadratic one, and parameterizing the background fluid density as \\rho\\propto a^{-\\alpha}, where a is the scale factor, and \\alpha depends on the background fluid. It turns out that the more there is deviation from the quadratic case, the more pronounced is the dependence of the curvature perturbation on \\alpha. We also show that the background can have a significant effect on the nonlinearity parameters f_NL and g_NL. As an","authors_text":"Kari Enqvist, Tomo Takahashi","cross_cats":["hep-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2009-09-29T15:08:44Z","title":"Effect of Background Evolution on the Curvaton Non-Gaussianity"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0909.5362","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:79b97f77de3fc869db24b70e63ce70ffa2aca528c07f1d49188e090a600e84c4","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:20Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"dba7ea2c622b4a5768ce7929c9921e8e20650e659851de345c4c766e9f2d16d1","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2009-09-29T15:08:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"82d56e77d95535d71482728bff26e1e197dc21f5169c5215687a4155160d3811"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0909.5362","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"143a0360768a751fd1843f253694ab6d4b787d2b5258e9a39df8f1a45127aee3","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"143a0360768a751fd1843f253694ab6d4b787d2b5258e9a39df8f1a45127aee3","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:20.821455Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:20.821455Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"YjMgmhy1iL97YCZKaeDLCUgilDL7c7BrBOZL+0jjYJ2vPARojZT2FsIpfSUL+pNpQFj3ep2mqjIRtCsZMRAUCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:34:20.821897Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"0909.5362","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:79b97f77de3fc869db24b70e63ce70ffa2aca528c07f1d49188e090a600e84c4","sha256:cd8b0d120243a509af3ed3e8c27b5cf3f91924f2ac7419bc0ac68708ece56977"],"state_sha256":"b0b381f705475f1e66582ca0ead6d1fbd63b24b7f195da192c13c183de2869b2"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fqYGgViDDPnXF/G3YPUilxlg17oUANEEHDN8Piz5XUUb6gB1eVrO0l8a/CQ6zeXeo2jYOQKl3uzjv1kuwlcBBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-30T02:28:20.038946Z","bundle_sha256":"b2735cfe786a16bb3890abe1d062d053c6322d6d8ef439eb098f1dc6a6fc4e37"}}