{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:D362JVDF3L5V7PYGNMSYFNO5L2","short_pith_number":"pith:D362JVDF","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1605.06939","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","submitted_at":"2016-05-23T08:53:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ex","nucl-ex"],"title_canon_sha256":"aba43a7f926add8338c15c80cc28971c800b587cb9cf200cbb604d5320f96e6b","abstract_canon_sha256":"4873c6849891cf542c4f9534962e69f469ce94f067daa5fff37aa3fe5bfe2c08"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1efda4d465dafb5fbf066b2582b5dd5e9cba8acbc514ab706838c23bcca370da","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1605.06939","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1605.06939","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1605.06939v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1605.06939","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"D362JVDF3L5V","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"D362JVDF3L5V7PYG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"D362JVDF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:09Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:D362JVDF3L5V7PYGNMSYFNO5L2","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1605.06939","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","submitted_at":"2016-05-23T08:53:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ex","nucl-ex"],"title_canon_sha256":"aba43a7f926add8338c15c80cc28971c800b587cb9cf200cbb604d5320f96e6b","abstract_canon_sha256":"4873c6849891cf542c4f9534962e69f469ce94f067daa5fff37aa3fe5bfe2c08"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1efda4d465dafb5fbf066b2582b5dd5e9cba8acbc514ab706838c23bcca370da","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:23.885293Z","signature_b64":"MEQm1ZC3PTrJ6j1v6Pn1cMH6w9NaT/ikcpruYdQZg+uR4Be8lSZRUyPHCQ5TWq0fT6HvU7kw3CoORkKDxBVCAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"1efda4d465dafb5fbf066b2582b5dd5e9cba8acbc514ab706838c23bcca370da","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:23.884816Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:23.884816Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1605.06939","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PL8y2TQJlG6dbBGeH6bWo9org0r792ItJKfLFRvGOemRp/ikeOYsfHhIDDw+cL7306Wn2+N8rknZj9ojmoqfAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T12:30:32.321097Z"},"content_sha256":"ab707ada9b4f3fdfb81eafde3f96e69f12edbc828c7a1ed3b9e4d9d2a5041985","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ab707ada9b4f3fdfb81eafde3f96e69f12edbc828c7a1ed3b9e4d9d2a5041985"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:D362JVDF3L5V7PYGNMSYFNO5L2","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Single electron multiplication distribution in GEM avalanches","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["hep-ex","nucl-ex"],"primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","authors_text":"Andras Laszlo, Dezso Varga, Gabor Kiss, Gergo Hamar","submitted_at":"2016-05-23T08:53:01Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, measurement results and experimental methodology are presented on the determination of multiplication distributions of avalanches initiated by single electron in GEM foils. The measurement relies on the amplification of photoelectrons by the GEM under study, which is subsequently amplified in an MWPC for signal enhancement and readout. The intrinsic detector resolution, namely the sigma-over-mean ratio of the multiplication. distribution is also elaborated. Small gain dependence of the shape of the avalanche response distribution is observed in the range of net effective gain of"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1605.06939","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"xiYVMXrnE5zUrR4gUE8OG+PDnCjZSsjEN1OfA9Z9NWNGR9bL5/e6QsAmwokERbvkQObrz6gKehoN403QpLELAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T12:30:32.321458Z"},"content_sha256":"d1fb90a19fc9901aee32680d772e857fc9a371134200eee973d9d9afee1ce990","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d1fb90a19fc9901aee32680d772e857fc9a371134200eee973d9d9afee1ce990"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/D362JVDF3L5V7PYGNMSYFNO5L2/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/D362JVDF3L5V7PYGNMSYFNO5L2/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/D362JVDF3L5V7PYGNMSYFNO5L2/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-05T12:30:32Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/D362JVDF3L5V7PYGNMSYFNO5L2","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/D362JVDF3L5V7PYGNMSYFNO5L2/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/D362JVDF3L5V7PYGNMSYFNO5L2/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/D362JVDF3L5V7PYGNMSYFNO5L2/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:D362JVDF3L5V7PYGNMSYFNO5L2","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4873c6849891cf542c4f9534962e69f469ce94f067daa5fff37aa3fe5bfe2c08","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ex","nucl-ex"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","submitted_at":"2016-05-23T08:53:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"aba43a7f926add8338c15c80cc28971c800b587cb9cf200cbb604d5320f96e6b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1605.06939","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1605.06939","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1605.06939v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1605.06939","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"D362JVDF3L5V","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"D362JVDF3L5V7PYG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"D362JVDF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:09Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d1fb90a19fc9901aee32680d772e857fc9a371134200eee973d9d9afee1ce990","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, measurement results and experimental methodology are presented on the determination of multiplication distributions of avalanches initiated by single electron in GEM foils. The measurement relies on the amplification of photoelectrons by the GEM under study, which is subsequently amplified in an MWPC for signal enhancement and readout. The intrinsic detector resolution, namely the sigma-over-mean ratio of the multiplication. distribution is also elaborated. Small gain dependence of the shape of the avalanche response distribution is observed in the range of net effective gain of","authors_text":"Andras Laszlo, Dezso Varga, Gabor Kiss, Gergo Hamar","cross_cats":["hep-ex","nucl-ex"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","submitted_at":"2016-05-23T08:53:01Z","title":"Single electron multiplication distribution in GEM avalanches"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1605.06939","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ab707ada9b4f3fdfb81eafde3f96e69f12edbc828c7a1ed3b9e4d9d2a5041985","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4873c6849891cf542c4f9534962e69f469ce94f067daa5fff37aa3fe5bfe2c08","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ex","nucl-ex"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","submitted_at":"2016-05-23T08:53:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"aba43a7f926add8338c15c80cc28971c800b587cb9cf200cbb604d5320f96e6b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1605.06939","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"1efda4d465dafb5fbf066b2582b5dd5e9cba8acbc514ab706838c23bcca370da","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"1efda4d465dafb5fbf066b2582b5dd5e9cba8acbc514ab706838c23bcca370da","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:23.884816Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:23.884816Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"MEQm1ZC3PTrJ6j1v6Pn1cMH6w9NaT/ikcpruYdQZg+uR4Be8lSZRUyPHCQ5TWq0fT6HvU7kw3CoORkKDxBVCAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:23.885293Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1605.06939","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ab707ada9b4f3fdfb81eafde3f96e69f12edbc828c7a1ed3b9e4d9d2a5041985","sha256:d1fb90a19fc9901aee32680d772e857fc9a371134200eee973d9d9afee1ce990"],"state_sha256":"58f3b8c63944220eb9c30b36338857e7aa58421fe83474a54fd35731f53d3536"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"72fte3G78efpd4OZGsbpnV0YE6jQmSf/NQQFPKjiVttvverCM/RTUQS3QNV0dyAEQn1wWPMbkUrZDXxbDcKTDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T12:30:32.323529Z","bundle_sha256":"03a7c3c0ac3a872449aeda00375e7b479acaa97d97a15e609beb762f34445535"}}