{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:D3LKKLC3PTZSXEE4CIECOK24LH","short_pith_number":"pith:D3LKKLC3","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2401.00819","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2024-01-01T17:29:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.SP","math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"3029e5fbebb64ca8f88df3714c9c8f5c424ff617ca99c5a83e9bc297fdd573d0","abstract_canon_sha256":"1e473f3d0c32979ed9707322be07d2571e6d72e4b66beab850a1654a787696e7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1ed6a52c5b7cf32b909c1208272b5c59ce2b3aebbfad7527ce1000a2b8d2e3b4","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2401.00819","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2401.00819","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2401.00819v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2401.00819","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"D3LKKLC3PTZS","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"D3LKKLC3PTZSXEE4","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"D3LKKLC3","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:D3LKKLC3PTZSXEE4CIECOK24LH","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2401.00819","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2024-01-01T17:29:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.SP","math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"3029e5fbebb64ca8f88df3714c9c8f5c424ff617ca99c5a83e9bc297fdd573d0","abstract_canon_sha256":"1e473f3d0c32979ed9707322be07d2571e6d72e4b66beab850a1654a787696e7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1ed6a52c5b7cf32b909c1208272b5c59ce2b3aebbfad7527ce1000a2b8d2e3b4","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45.847275Z","signature_b64":"F7qUxv8VaZKJjzpyw0zCgl9PyVF5bpEsMOASzy71TGZkzgj3u1lhSY038cADSjsIssh+ZDzdf7ydSMlF59FRBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"1ed6a52c5b7cf32b909c1208272b5c59ce2b3aebbfad7527ce1000a2b8d2e3b4","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45.846822Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45.846822Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2401.00819","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"3U/Fl6bPCzynn33HEtnQcHUEkBxOD/uyvsSD8ThpBl7jtJJNfKM1p29g4oqBvePESMZX8elzEz2zH1qXgpzmDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T00:41:01.889432Z"},"content_sha256":"1085f0d6b5c7d966556049a0d2e647ad8826ce2f818e50f96d84c5367ea3ed66","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1085f0d6b5c7d966556049a0d2e647ad8826ce2f818e50f96d84c5367ea3ed66"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:D3LKKLC3PTZSXEE4CIECOK24LH","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"3D Beamforming Through Joint Phase-Time Arrays","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["eess.SP","math.IT"],"primary_cat":"cs.IT","authors_text":"Ahmad AlAmmouri, Elza Erkip, Jianhua Mo, Jianzhong (Charlie) Zhang, Ozlem Yildiz, Younghan Nam","submitted_at":"2024-01-01T17:29:03Z","abstract_excerpt":"High-frequency wideband cellular communications over mmWave and sub-THz offer the opportunity for high data rates. However, it also presents high path loss, resulting in limited coverage. High-gain beamforming from the antenna array is essential to mitigate the coverage limitations. The conventional phased antenna arrays (PAA) cause high scheduling latency owing to analog beam constraints, i.e., only one frequency-flat beam is generated. Recently introduced joint phase-time array (JPTA) architecture, which utilizes both true-time-delay (TTD) units and phase shifters (PSs), alleviates analog be"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2401.00819","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2401.00819/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"P+XeAoe94BFCR1gTi/Z2jskQqHDrBd1GL5Gy/E3KDMNJ/Z7lJB7e3IThRtqxIVLnP02IMDVglEVf0lrjWitkAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T00:41:01.890233Z"},"content_sha256":"9cf5cfad826e9ed1580f554c724695f7cc1e9d439df53fd14ae991dbdd96f879","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9cf5cfad826e9ed1580f554c724695f7cc1e9d439df53fd14ae991dbdd96f879"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/D3LKKLC3PTZSXEE4CIECOK24LH/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/D3LKKLC3PTZSXEE4CIECOK24LH/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/D3LKKLC3PTZSXEE4CIECOK24LH/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-04T00:41:01Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/D3LKKLC3PTZSXEE4CIECOK24LH","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/D3LKKLC3PTZSXEE4CIECOK24LH/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/D3LKKLC3PTZSXEE4CIECOK24LH/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/D3LKKLC3PTZSXEE4CIECOK24LH/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:D3LKKLC3PTZSXEE4CIECOK24LH","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1e473f3d0c32979ed9707322be07d2571e6d72e4b66beab850a1654a787696e7","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.SP","math.IT"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2024-01-01T17:29:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"3029e5fbebb64ca8f88df3714c9c8f5c424ff617ca99c5a83e9bc297fdd573d0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2401.00819","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2401.00819","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2401.00819v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2401.00819","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"D3LKKLC3PTZS","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"D3LKKLC3PTZSXEE4","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"D3LKKLC3","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9cf5cfad826e9ed1580f554c724695f7cc1e9d439df53fd14ae991dbdd96f879","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2401.00819/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"High-frequency wideband cellular communications over mmWave and sub-THz offer the opportunity for high data rates. However, it also presents high path loss, resulting in limited coverage. High-gain beamforming from the antenna array is essential to mitigate the coverage limitations. The conventional phased antenna arrays (PAA) cause high scheduling latency owing to analog beam constraints, i.e., only one frequency-flat beam is generated. Recently introduced joint phase-time array (JPTA) architecture, which utilizes both true-time-delay (TTD) units and phase shifters (PSs), alleviates analog be","authors_text":"Ahmad AlAmmouri, Elza Erkip, Jianhua Mo, Jianzhong (Charlie) Zhang, Ozlem Yildiz, Younghan Nam","cross_cats":["eess.SP","math.IT"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2024-01-01T17:29:03Z","title":"3D Beamforming Through Joint Phase-Time Arrays"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2401.00819","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:1085f0d6b5c7d966556049a0d2e647ad8826ce2f818e50f96d84c5367ea3ed66","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"1e473f3d0c32979ed9707322be07d2571e6d72e4b66beab850a1654a787696e7","cross_cats_sorted":["eess.SP","math.IT"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2024-01-01T17:29:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"3029e5fbebb64ca8f88df3714c9c8f5c424ff617ca99c5a83e9bc297fdd573d0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2401.00819","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"1ed6a52c5b7cf32b909c1208272b5c59ce2b3aebbfad7527ce1000a2b8d2e3b4","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"1ed6a52c5b7cf32b909c1208272b5c59ce2b3aebbfad7527ce1000a2b8d2e3b4","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45.846822Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45.846822Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"F7qUxv8VaZKJjzpyw0zCgl9PyVF5bpEsMOASzy71TGZkzgj3u1lhSY038cADSjsIssh+ZDzdf7ydSMlF59FRBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:54:45.847275Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2401.00819","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:1085f0d6b5c7d966556049a0d2e647ad8826ce2f818e50f96d84c5367ea3ed66","sha256:9cf5cfad826e9ed1580f554c724695f7cc1e9d439df53fd14ae991dbdd96f879"],"state_sha256":"c6c1686e83b17391e5f0fc63eb4cb41080b832bcb4677cbf14d7ae50200c9d5f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"hkk6PpgQ+jYN/F4D4WNAEDpD4nKCmjNadiRjbKvD1xU6QTA5rDgTBUwJuwjjxewZCoinNuX78oY5obKInrM7Bw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T00:41:01.895740Z","bundle_sha256":"4f79e235748c3ef5174d3aebe66d3276b77f1e81de3c37c2390c3e9626441c05"}}