{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2000:DELZ4G5RNFJO7BPAXA4LLFP7ZP","short_pith_number":"pith:DELZ4G5R","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0007281","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2000-07-19T14:26:24Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ef8489a2637d217769e35b05b4b541fceff7e9b22831404dfa7c6e11010165b3","abstract_canon_sha256":"cddf932a380b915b4fe6b6973609ef07cc87b9640367b3cdd5e9e7ea5409401d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"19179e1bb16952ef85e0b838b595ffcbcbd140a80e7f2dae71e9d8fe581573d6","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"astro-ph/0007281","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/0007281","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/0007281v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0007281","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DELZ4G5RNFJO","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DELZ4G5RNFJO7BPA","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DELZ4G5R","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2000:DELZ4G5RNFJO7BPAXA4LLFP7ZP","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0007281","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2000-07-19T14:26:24Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ef8489a2637d217769e35b05b4b541fceff7e9b22831404dfa7c6e11010165b3","abstract_canon_sha256":"cddf932a380b915b4fe6b6973609ef07cc87b9640367b3cdd5e9e7ea5409401d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"19179e1bb16952ef85e0b838b595ffcbcbd140a80e7f2dae71e9d8fe581573d6","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55.733765Z","signature_b64":"r47MZ6XgIZEdcVmMf2une5srbXuSZkmfEKMJYIdxhFR457yvxhLWnq8SQo/dxeVa1QrWhiP/rtHtetz8LqW7Dw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"19179e1bb16952ef85e0b838b595ffcbcbd140a80e7f2dae71e9d8fe581573d6","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55.733312Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55.733312Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"astro-ph/0007281","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"MDuB9KJexXyM//w3lDKvjbaaCGXpCERkDpYu/MEZfqCqlrUAN6dgXDVfVsATNXd3X0Wlorvta3XS7O2eLkmyDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:21.991435Z"},"content_sha256":"80dda8afc71bc1328141ae6a83cb3f28b12b380dc2aa842a9896d20f75683fe3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:80dda8afc71bc1328141ae6a83cb3f28b12b380dc2aa842a9896d20f75683fe3"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2000:DELZ4G5RNFJO7BPAXA4LLFP7ZP","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Hierarchical Galaxy Formation","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"Carlos Frenk, Carlton Baugh, Cedric Lacey, Shaun Cole","submitted_at":"2000-07-19T14:26:24Z","abstract_excerpt":"We describe the GALFORM semi-analytic model for calculating the formation and evolution of galaxies in hierarchical models. It improves upon, and extends, the Cole et al 1994 model. The model employs a new Monte-Carlo algorithm to follow the merging evolution of dark matter halos with arbitrary mass resolution. It incorporates realistic descriptions of the density profiles of dark matter halos and their gas content; follows the chemical evolution of gas and stars, and the associated production of dust; and includes a detailed calculation of the sizes of disks and spheroids. Wherever possible, "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0007281","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/0007281/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"YR18QxYKLnSoFcR11T304IqBQEWFPgKXcCwfmOglf36rg0n6R3cWf+CHetHK0NriTP3jOJToycggdxSR/omjCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:21.991807Z"},"content_sha256":"9b6ed0f89ec90ce5c62d333f09ddadf0ac1be4f87fba1f3f923e13773881e494","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9b6ed0f89ec90ce5c62d333f09ddadf0ac1be4f87fba1f3f923e13773881e494"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DELZ4G5RNFJO7BPAXA4LLFP7ZP/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DELZ4G5RNFJO7BPAXA4LLFP7ZP/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DELZ4G5RNFJO7BPAXA4LLFP7ZP/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:21Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/DELZ4G5RNFJO7BPAXA4LLFP7ZP","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/DELZ4G5RNFJO7BPAXA4LLFP7ZP/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/DELZ4G5RNFJO7BPAXA4LLFP7ZP/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DELZ4G5RNFJO7BPAXA4LLFP7ZP/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2000:DELZ4G5RNFJO7BPAXA4LLFP7ZP","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cddf932a380b915b4fe6b6973609ef07cc87b9640367b3cdd5e9e7ea5409401d","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2000-07-19T14:26:24Z","title_canon_sha256":"ef8489a2637d217769e35b05b4b541fceff7e9b22831404dfa7c6e11010165b3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/0007281","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/0007281","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/0007281v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/0007281","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DELZ4G5RNFJO","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DELZ4G5RNFJO7BPA","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DELZ4G5R","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9b6ed0f89ec90ce5c62d333f09ddadf0ac1be4f87fba1f3f923e13773881e494","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/astro-ph/0007281/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We describe the GALFORM semi-analytic model for calculating the formation and evolution of galaxies in hierarchical models. It improves upon, and extends, the Cole et al 1994 model. The model employs a new Monte-Carlo algorithm to follow the merging evolution of dark matter halos with arbitrary mass resolution. It incorporates realistic descriptions of the density profiles of dark matter halos and their gas content; follows the chemical evolution of gas and stars, and the associated production of dust; and includes a detailed calculation of the sizes of disks and spheroids. Wherever possible, ","authors_text":"Carlos Frenk, Carlton Baugh, Cedric Lacey, Shaun Cole","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2000-07-19T14:26:24Z","title":"Hierarchical Galaxy Formation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0007281","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:80dda8afc71bc1328141ae6a83cb3f28b12b380dc2aa842a9896d20f75683fe3","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cddf932a380b915b4fe6b6973609ef07cc87b9640367b3cdd5e9e7ea5409401d","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2000-07-19T14:26:24Z","title_canon_sha256":"ef8489a2637d217769e35b05b4b541fceff7e9b22831404dfa7c6e11010165b3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/0007281","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"19179e1bb16952ef85e0b838b595ffcbcbd140a80e7f2dae71e9d8fe581573d6","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"19179e1bb16952ef85e0b838b595ffcbcbd140a80e7f2dae71e9d8fe581573d6","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55.733312Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55.733312Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"r47MZ6XgIZEdcVmMf2une5srbXuSZkmfEKMJYIdxhFR457yvxhLWnq8SQo/dxeVa1QrWhiP/rtHtetz8LqW7Dw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T16:16:55.733765Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"astro-ph/0007281","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:80dda8afc71bc1328141ae6a83cb3f28b12b380dc2aa842a9896d20f75683fe3","sha256:9b6ed0f89ec90ce5c62d333f09ddadf0ac1be4f87fba1f3f923e13773881e494"],"state_sha256":"7131a1dc3a7bb099116eeabcc7ce1a68ba8c2cf7dee92ca8add3f27336669f7b"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UXc6Bq94XH7zX6KtIf75mCi+/OON/MY5CivVw+YbLfSG5Ea8JruaJXu6nRLL2zD+3PhngEtWiRS0um/xDkyDBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:37:21.993737Z","bundle_sha256":"5a399572c2bfa5625fe87bd2f55e9a03886900e32038b740ef1c5cdf6752df62"}}