{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:DILVDKFIW27JYUI6QO3DLEH4AV","short_pith_number":"pith:DILVDKFI","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1304.4485","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","submitted_at":"2013-04-16T15:08:50Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"19afdb105acdbc3b7ac168988ab828e4769f9c6fab5be27e075bf91eef7cbb10","abstract_canon_sha256":"a2967c534575072d67224391026a959192f287c4a18e2c26aaf05cc9b5cffc81"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1a1751a8a8b6be9c511e83b63590fc0553d3c5f536c95282ffe4bd4f2ef17373","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1304.4485","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1304.4485","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:27:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1304.4485v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:27:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1304.4485","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:27:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DILVDKFIW27J","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DILVDKFIW27JYUI6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DILVDKFI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:43Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:DILVDKFIW27JYUI6QO3DLEH4AV","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1304.4485","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","submitted_at":"2013-04-16T15:08:50Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"19afdb105acdbc3b7ac168988ab828e4769f9c6fab5be27e075bf91eef7cbb10","abstract_canon_sha256":"a2967c534575072d67224391026a959192f287c4a18e2c26aaf05cc9b5cffc81"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1a1751a8a8b6be9c511e83b63590fc0553d3c5f536c95282ffe4bd4f2ef17373","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:27:52.867345Z","signature_b64":"hWRRzzhfpPsi+kh71hJGBYUmLfJ6PK/Sr+pUXN23M+JBdiL+MN7F+Vgxo+lUxD8/AubuH4+f0jjByCXwBZaHCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"1a1751a8a8b6be9c511e83b63590fc0553d3c5f536c95282ffe4bd4f2ef17373","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:27:52.866757Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:27:52.866757Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1304.4485","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:27:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tZnNLYJ3WrwxlMORUCWE7Y+JE33WQ4BVWgExYSswEmXEMefJF4F3h0xujHxKiEgrH0B/HVIn0T8R613jvKPBBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-26T07:11:09.180543Z"},"content_sha256":"f88c3d39d5b53640b6d8adcba3a0ab9e10e7449cbf8ab6530842c132f6d9d145","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f88c3d39d5b53640b6d8adcba3a0ab9e10e7449cbf8ab6530842c132f6d9d145"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:DILVDKFIW27JYUI6QO3DLEH4AV","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Optimizing snake locomotion in the plane. II. Large transverse friction","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","authors_text":"Silas Alben","submitted_at":"2013-04-16T15:08:50Z","abstract_excerpt":"We determine analytically the form of optimal snake locomotion when the coefficient of transverse friction is large, the typical regime for biological and robotic snakes. We find that the optimal snake motion is a retrograde traveling wave, with a wave amplitude that decays as the -1/4 power of the coefficient of transverse friction. This result agrees well with our numerical computations."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1304.4485","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:27:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"46Tcy6/zjaaXF/CttoCiHzFmqhAuTJn9X3gRna06/MGBXrNg2WF/0vVo/C+tQipOu2R3jgVKaB4ajMjR5oqECw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-26T07:11:09.180889Z"},"content_sha256":"709b3821e2ff6e4fa37effe2cc31afab1548a95d732146b33726c20b375299a5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:709b3821e2ff6e4fa37effe2cc31afab1548a95d732146b33726c20b375299a5"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DILVDKFIW27JYUI6QO3DLEH4AV/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DILVDKFIW27JYUI6QO3DLEH4AV/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DILVDKFIW27JYUI6QO3DLEH4AV/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-26T07:11:09Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/DILVDKFIW27JYUI6QO3DLEH4AV","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/DILVDKFIW27JYUI6QO3DLEH4AV/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/DILVDKFIW27JYUI6QO3DLEH4AV/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DILVDKFIW27JYUI6QO3DLEH4AV/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:DILVDKFIW27JYUI6QO3DLEH4AV","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a2967c534575072d67224391026a959192f287c4a18e2c26aaf05cc9b5cffc81","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","submitted_at":"2013-04-16T15:08:50Z","title_canon_sha256":"19afdb105acdbc3b7ac168988ab828e4769f9c6fab5be27e075bf91eef7cbb10"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1304.4485","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1304.4485","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:27:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1304.4485v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:27:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1304.4485","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:27:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DILVDKFIW27J","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DILVDKFIW27JYUI6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:43Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DILVDKFI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:43Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:709b3821e2ff6e4fa37effe2cc31afab1548a95d732146b33726c20b375299a5","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:27:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We determine analytically the form of optimal snake locomotion when the coefficient of transverse friction is large, the typical regime for biological and robotic snakes. We find that the optimal snake motion is a retrograde traveling wave, with a wave amplitude that decays as the -1/4 power of the coefficient of transverse friction. This result agrees well with our numerical computations.","authors_text":"Silas Alben","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","submitted_at":"2013-04-16T15:08:50Z","title":"Optimizing snake locomotion in the plane. II. Large transverse friction"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1304.4485","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f88c3d39d5b53640b6d8adcba3a0ab9e10e7449cbf8ab6530842c132f6d9d145","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:27:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a2967c534575072d67224391026a959192f287c4a18e2c26aaf05cc9b5cffc81","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","submitted_at":"2013-04-16T15:08:50Z","title_canon_sha256":"19afdb105acdbc3b7ac168988ab828e4769f9c6fab5be27e075bf91eef7cbb10"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1304.4485","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"1a1751a8a8b6be9c511e83b63590fc0553d3c5f536c95282ffe4bd4f2ef17373","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"1a1751a8a8b6be9c511e83b63590fc0553d3c5f536c95282ffe4bd4f2ef17373","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:27:52.866757Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:27:52.866757Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"hWRRzzhfpPsi+kh71hJGBYUmLfJ6PK/Sr+pUXN23M+JBdiL+MN7F+Vgxo+lUxD8/AubuH4+f0jjByCXwBZaHCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:27:52.867345Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1304.4485","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f88c3d39d5b53640b6d8adcba3a0ab9e10e7449cbf8ab6530842c132f6d9d145","sha256:709b3821e2ff6e4fa37effe2cc31afab1548a95d732146b33726c20b375299a5"],"state_sha256":"cf9cbe254138a53c472838a180c93ef20ff47789769c25d809c9900860469878"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"JTRHpMv9K12j1DKRSzr3M9pPAA+sONSapVLzu8N9bQtg3v/gYQX9tpGxIb2btoB/GGvE+dDTauuVbD7jVZtQAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-26T07:11:09.182848Z","bundle_sha256":"323f3e7bc776ddcc6a7625cfa946a19fe706e0ec11a633ec45769beda5719412"}}