{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:DJ5Q2MSJBLA5Y7XFX5VXFYNNHS","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8768411271f600ac06cd44e928ca3397586b3379dc480e36efc38afd3edbebcb","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.plasm-ph","physics.space-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2015-04-15T13:48:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"0f57a25a666ebe63cc8d90a3e262bf5d09e4503e6d17083f85a572b33756b414"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1504.03910","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1504.03910","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1504.03910v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1504.03910","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DJ5Q2MSJBLA5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DJ5Q2MSJBLA5Y7XF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DJ5Q2MSJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:17Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3957784457ade8ab7b72bdd4d6e7c8a9e0e248aa7314c216077995ff4093be2a","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:32Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Numerical algorithms to load relativistic Maxwell distributions in particle-in-cell (PIC) and Monte-Carlo simulations are presented. For stationary relativistic Maxwellian, the inverse transform method and the Sobol algorithm are reviewed. To boost particles to obtain relativistic shifted-Maxwellian, two rejection methods are proposed in a physically transparent manner. Their acceptance efficiencies are ${\\approx}50\\%$ for generic cases and $100\\%$ for symmetric distributions. They can be combined with arbitrary base algorithms.","authors_text":"Seiji Zenitani","cross_cats":["physics.plasm-ph","physics.space-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2015-04-15T13:48:19Z","title":"Loading Relativistic Maxwell Distributions in Particle Simulations"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1504.03910","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:42023578101dd054bce351878b2f90dcea10fdd517006092cbe28338de27678e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:32Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8768411271f600ac06cd44e928ca3397586b3379dc480e36efc38afd3edbebcb","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.plasm-ph","physics.space-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2015-04-15T13:48:19Z","title_canon_sha256":"0f57a25a666ebe63cc8d90a3e262bf5d09e4503e6d17083f85a572b33756b414"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1504.03910","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"1a7b0d32490ac1dc7ee5bf6b72e1ad3c930e941479dffba83a16082629d698f6","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"1a7b0d32490ac1dc7ee5bf6b72e1ad3c930e941479dffba83a16082629d698f6","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:32.912063Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:32.912063Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"9KzUkJ9COuJ6DaZzmw2imjvacNrgE9nxLqZOFONWfxPRYyZOkR2/UUYlPtPB8IbSGnliu55xcRt4+eyofPw3Bg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:17:32.912794Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1504.03910","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:42023578101dd054bce351878b2f90dcea10fdd517006092cbe28338de27678e","sha256:3957784457ade8ab7b72bdd4d6e7c8a9e0e248aa7314c216077995ff4093be2a"],"state_sha256":"2cef5dcef1a4a51aa0e84d98b786bd59630b0aea469459bdc120cbe63fad0e0e"}