{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:DL2WSLFJ763CB2LAHWCOPHLXQ5","short_pith_number":"pith:DL2WSLFJ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2305.07361","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2023-05-12T10:21:54Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"03fbcd18ce5f746028239b9ebcb405b815470699ef79050e27b2973ab567c0ca","abstract_canon_sha256":"52ad84c9686865d9871b0659f8fb0d88c92f8faa5a0ee3da59f62a72f462019d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1af5692ca9ffb620e9603d84e79d7787443929f3d4f48f64b8632bbd5dcad680","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2305.07361","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2305.07361","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2305.07361v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2305.07361","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DL2WSLFJ763C","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DL2WSLFJ763CB2LA","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DL2WSLFJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:DL2WSLFJ763CB2LAHWCOPHLXQ5","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2305.07361","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2023-05-12T10:21:54Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"03fbcd18ce5f746028239b9ebcb405b815470699ef79050e27b2973ab567c0ca","abstract_canon_sha256":"52ad84c9686865d9871b0659f8fb0d88c92f8faa5a0ee3da59f62a72f462019d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1af5692ca9ffb620e9603d84e79d7787443929f3d4f48f64b8632bbd5dcad680","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49.914321Z","signature_b64":"8EdTRSgHxAjl8Tux8YDKsLZvkqZhon7+rch/FDywxOLv8wTeocpGfQ89Br2nsXtvG0GTfvXtU+xZKKk1Li8nCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"1af5692ca9ffb620e9603d84e79d7787443929f3d4f48f64b8632bbd5dcad680","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49.913894Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49.913894Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2305.07361","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KGtcyw+L4bnwUL058hX1UiI1aGlQorIN09LF2fUZGnAqyYzkwOcQFmM9i5kte/J5UUtDXk/UCZ+jn0R076dnCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-08T20:07:57.540191Z"},"content_sha256":"5921c793bd1d909c6628c9052b9371b62ab1bd3325aab004acfb69b27b5e1887","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5921c793bd1d909c6628c9052b9371b62ab1bd3325aab004acfb69b27b5e1887"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:DL2WSLFJ763CB2LAHWCOPHLXQ5","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Rate-Splitting Multiple Access: The First Prototype and Experimental Validation of its Superiority over SDMA and NOMA","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"eess.SP","authors_text":"Bruno Clerckx, Junghoon Kim, Sundar Aditya, Xinze Lyu","submitted_at":"2023-05-12T10:21:54Z","abstract_excerpt":"In multi-user multi-antenna communications, it is well-known in theory that Rate-Splitting Multiple Access (RSMA) can achieve a higher spectral efficiency than both Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) and Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA). However, an experimental evaluation of RSMA's performance, relative to SDMA and NOMA, is missing in the literature, which is essential to address the ongoing debate between RSMA and NOMA over which is better suited to handle most efficiently the available resources and interference in 6G. In this paper, we address this critical knowledge gap by realizi"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2305.07361","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2305.07361/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"oLI4X80d1/Frx3xbAJ+V8gvoiKuWPf+DB9sAvdoj5iOB1z92ZG976dwVSum4/BpqQRRDc4OM6TVypQ07PKq2CA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-08T20:07:57.540583Z"},"content_sha256":"187a552318276cb6631f5af54166dc8341049e1d741b6e14da924441048a49b0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:187a552318276cb6631f5af54166dc8341049e1d741b6e14da924441048a49b0"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DL2WSLFJ763CB2LAHWCOPHLXQ5/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DL2WSLFJ763CB2LAHWCOPHLXQ5/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DL2WSLFJ763CB2LAHWCOPHLXQ5/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-08T20:07:57Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/DL2WSLFJ763CB2LAHWCOPHLXQ5","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/DL2WSLFJ763CB2LAHWCOPHLXQ5/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/DL2WSLFJ763CB2LAHWCOPHLXQ5/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DL2WSLFJ763CB2LAHWCOPHLXQ5/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:DL2WSLFJ763CB2LAHWCOPHLXQ5","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"52ad84c9686865d9871b0659f8fb0d88c92f8faa5a0ee3da59f62a72f462019d","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2023-05-12T10:21:54Z","title_canon_sha256":"03fbcd18ce5f746028239b9ebcb405b815470699ef79050e27b2973ab567c0ca"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2305.07361","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2305.07361","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2305.07361v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2305.07361","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DL2WSLFJ763C","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DL2WSLFJ763CB2LA","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DL2WSLFJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:187a552318276cb6631f5af54166dc8341049e1d741b6e14da924441048a49b0","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2305.07361/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In multi-user multi-antenna communications, it is well-known in theory that Rate-Splitting Multiple Access (RSMA) can achieve a higher spectral efficiency than both Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) and Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA). However, an experimental evaluation of RSMA's performance, relative to SDMA and NOMA, is missing in the literature, which is essential to address the ongoing debate between RSMA and NOMA over which is better suited to handle most efficiently the available resources and interference in 6G. In this paper, we address this critical knowledge gap by realizi","authors_text":"Bruno Clerckx, Junghoon Kim, Sundar Aditya, Xinze Lyu","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2023-05-12T10:21:54Z","title":"Rate-Splitting Multiple Access: The First Prototype and Experimental Validation of its Superiority over SDMA and NOMA"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2305.07361","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:5921c793bd1d909c6628c9052b9371b62ab1bd3325aab004acfb69b27b5e1887","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"52ad84c9686865d9871b0659f8fb0d88c92f8faa5a0ee3da59f62a72f462019d","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2023-05-12T10:21:54Z","title_canon_sha256":"03fbcd18ce5f746028239b9ebcb405b815470699ef79050e27b2973ab567c0ca"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2305.07361","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"1af5692ca9ffb620e9603d84e79d7787443929f3d4f48f64b8632bbd5dcad680","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"1af5692ca9ffb620e9603d84e79d7787443929f3d4f48f64b8632bbd5dcad680","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49.913894Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49.913894Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"8EdTRSgHxAjl8Tux8YDKsLZvkqZhon7+rch/FDywxOLv8wTeocpGfQ89Br2nsXtvG0GTfvXtU+xZKKk1Li8nCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:12:49.914321Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2305.07361","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:5921c793bd1d909c6628c9052b9371b62ab1bd3325aab004acfb69b27b5e1887","sha256:187a552318276cb6631f5af54166dc8341049e1d741b6e14da924441048a49b0"],"state_sha256":"6e1b4c422afe2c51b6fcf75f2be756f91e77c5c33e173a65213f67003a47f200"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jxLciFogDqvjXhoBlemBQTilKda+13CFkdvxaymgbX58o2jKU60hLWSgZwsUqAmeSH7VtELCmJZ6HscaUMBDCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-08T20:07:57.542858Z","bundle_sha256":"b388f3938c29455e14b67694ad78c4a0c2d8c409b88c37aa75c951434caf171d"}}