{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:DL4YCZQTVQFAE6ABWA3SRFGDZQ","short_pith_number":"pith:DL4YCZQT","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0909.2060","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","submitted_at":"2009-09-10T22:12:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.supr-con"],"title_canon_sha256":"094142f0388790db8ee326d420db90bc813c70f0ca2d2daf49dd363a54bb60aa","abstract_canon_sha256":"c181eb26ad476e0104f5aa0125a3aa5ef1aae93747aff014cc968d9fe329612f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1af9816613ac0a027801b0372894c3cc16e46cf67174d0c768a9f3db5745faf4","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"0909.2060","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0909.2060","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:52:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0909.2060v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:52:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0909.2060","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:52:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DL4YCZQTVQFA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DL4YCZQTVQFAE6AB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DL4YCZQT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:59Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:DL4YCZQTVQFAE6ABWA3SRFGDZQ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0909.2060","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","submitted_at":"2009-09-10T22:12:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.supr-con"],"title_canon_sha256":"094142f0388790db8ee326d420db90bc813c70f0ca2d2daf49dd363a54bb60aa","abstract_canon_sha256":"c181eb26ad476e0104f5aa0125a3aa5ef1aae93747aff014cc968d9fe329612f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1af9816613ac0a027801b0372894c3cc16e46cf67174d0c768a9f3db5745faf4","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:52:38.992585Z","signature_b64":"X+OzfUxmQpZAJIaiOxp1wZUD54LVUw20Xr6igaE9bSeqE1/i+6HySNBl0mszVwSwNVfE87NCtipVwOjuHV1dAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"1af9816613ac0a027801b0372894c3cc16e46cf67174d0c768a9f3db5745faf4","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:52:38.991630Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:52:38.991630Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"0909.2060","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:52:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rFWpEItkBp0PhSK8pJy8SaS+sc4dylCvuH7LGTnHZr21icZ3RVi741CvQ32uNeDuyD4dzwYkGHR8Zb5x/NDsDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T02:46:27.859734Z"},"content_sha256":"1e29dfe5a20a409ccd5413a8d9cdc132347b1e77fe3f36633ba02882cc4e0dee","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1e29dfe5a20a409ccd5413a8d9cdc132347b1e77fe3f36633ba02882cc4e0dee"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:DL4YCZQTVQFAE6ABWA3SRFGDZQ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Two-level system noise reduction for Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.supr-con"],"primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","authors_text":"Benjamin A. Mazin, Henry G. Leduc, Jiansong Gao, Jonas Zmuidzinas, Omid Noroozian","submitted_at":"2009-09-10T22:12:26Z","abstract_excerpt":"Noise performance is one of the most crucial aspects of any detector. Superconducting Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs) have an \"excess\" frequency noise that shows up as a small time dependent jitter of the resonance frequency characterized by the frequency noise power spectrum measured in units of Hz^2/Hz. Recent studies have shown that this noise almost certainly originates from a surface layer of two-level system (TLS) defects on the metallization or substrate. Fluctuation of these TLSs introduces noise in the resonator due to coupling of the TLS electric dipole moments to the "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0909.2060","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:52:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"MUSAzPTqm13/LHL7wlGNG6AJ4dULw2p3EKkOf7KAFB6H7bRY+Xw6zdPJIDqEm+PIC/iM87PKmVy5Wlcfn6uODg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T02:46:27.860394Z"},"content_sha256":"9ff91058c79d8bbb60d0a928e65deee8858af0c4ed214278fbb70ba7a34cbaa8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9ff91058c79d8bbb60d0a928e65deee8858af0c4ed214278fbb70ba7a34cbaa8"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DL4YCZQTVQFAE6ABWA3SRFGDZQ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DL4YCZQTVQFAE6ABWA3SRFGDZQ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DL4YCZQTVQFAE6ABWA3SRFGDZQ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-05T02:46:27Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/DL4YCZQTVQFAE6ABWA3SRFGDZQ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/DL4YCZQTVQFAE6ABWA3SRFGDZQ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/DL4YCZQTVQFAE6ABWA3SRFGDZQ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DL4YCZQTVQFAE6ABWA3SRFGDZQ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:DL4YCZQTVQFAE6ABWA3SRFGDZQ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c181eb26ad476e0104f5aa0125a3aa5ef1aae93747aff014cc968d9fe329612f","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.supr-con"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","submitted_at":"2009-09-10T22:12:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"094142f0388790db8ee326d420db90bc813c70f0ca2d2daf49dd363a54bb60aa"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0909.2060","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0909.2060","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:52:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0909.2060v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:52:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0909.2060","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:52:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DL4YCZQTVQFA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DL4YCZQTVQFAE6AB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DL4YCZQT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:59Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:9ff91058c79d8bbb60d0a928e65deee8858af0c4ed214278fbb70ba7a34cbaa8","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:52:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Noise performance is one of the most crucial aspects of any detector. Superconducting Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs) have an \"excess\" frequency noise that shows up as a small time dependent jitter of the resonance frequency characterized by the frequency noise power spectrum measured in units of Hz^2/Hz. Recent studies have shown that this noise almost certainly originates from a surface layer of two-level system (TLS) defects on the metallization or substrate. Fluctuation of these TLSs introduces noise in the resonator due to coupling of the TLS electric dipole moments to the ","authors_text":"Benjamin A. Mazin, Henry G. Leduc, Jiansong Gao, Jonas Zmuidzinas, Omid Noroozian","cross_cats":["cond-mat.supr-con"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","submitted_at":"2009-09-10T22:12:26Z","title":"Two-level system noise reduction for Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0909.2060","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:1e29dfe5a20a409ccd5413a8d9cdc132347b1e77fe3f36633ba02882cc4e0dee","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:52:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c181eb26ad476e0104f5aa0125a3aa5ef1aae93747aff014cc968d9fe329612f","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.supr-con"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.ins-det","submitted_at":"2009-09-10T22:12:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"094142f0388790db8ee326d420db90bc813c70f0ca2d2daf49dd363a54bb60aa"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0909.2060","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"1af9816613ac0a027801b0372894c3cc16e46cf67174d0c768a9f3db5745faf4","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"1af9816613ac0a027801b0372894c3cc16e46cf67174d0c768a9f3db5745faf4","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:52:38.991630Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:52:38.991630Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"X+OzfUxmQpZAJIaiOxp1wZUD54LVUw20Xr6igaE9bSeqE1/i+6HySNBl0mszVwSwNVfE87NCtipVwOjuHV1dAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:52:38.992585Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"0909.2060","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:1e29dfe5a20a409ccd5413a8d9cdc132347b1e77fe3f36633ba02882cc4e0dee","sha256:9ff91058c79d8bbb60d0a928e65deee8858af0c4ed214278fbb70ba7a34cbaa8"],"state_sha256":"c93d062ef2a4b39c10766b3736d2c390d08faeacdf40eb21fb520093b10c94e4"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QxwS/IHsag7UPMWEtSEGMgL35aoekKldE+ULEfnYrXvsbtEtbCqDbz3FD411FT4s4z445PWs1bITNTBRQbDzDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T02:46:27.864076Z","bundle_sha256":"d633ba34119611595df1fb68025e92d8b506ebd942fbae8f6cc5d18cc89584e3"}}