{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:DMWPJ77YDTBIQQFF5NZXCGTKCC","short_pith_number":"pith:DMWPJ77Y","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1611.04967","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2016-11-15T18:10:24Z","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"a93deeed30f0a6ca6b2d4f42c241b316823357ab385d31ddfba860b98dd0fe66","abstract_canon_sha256":"78d78a5229653fe3d3280753754dd3d09fb0e746b6ce872f3e9c7f037bb7851d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1b2cf4fff81cc28840a5eb73711a6a10914447b2855ac7493e5e066a9bee7587","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1611.04967","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1611.04967","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:58:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1611.04967v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:58:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1611.04967","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:58:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DMWPJ77YDTBI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DMWPJ77YDTBIQQFF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DMWPJ77Y","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:DMWPJ77YDTBIQQFF5NZXCGTKCC","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1611.04967","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2016-11-15T18:10:24Z","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"a93deeed30f0a6ca6b2d4f42c241b316823357ab385d31ddfba860b98dd0fe66","abstract_canon_sha256":"78d78a5229653fe3d3280753754dd3d09fb0e746b6ce872f3e9c7f037bb7851d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1b2cf4fff81cc28840a5eb73711a6a10914447b2855ac7493e5e066a9bee7587","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:58:49.385692Z","signature_b64":"wFT6t2HuBqkJu842dZJp63CGQiO2J9/QH9b5OFtXiSf7iQ9BgM+T/WltHi3qsH+u7miwkSKmqUDIf1PrSmYvDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"1b2cf4fff81cc28840a5eb73711a6a10914447b2855ac7493e5e066a9bee7587","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:58:49.385066Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:58:49.385066Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1611.04967","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:58:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"oWORGSMm+t76EMRCklzjo9U/TAf7PGwxq82SZVFRMH/lU5LSJ73Ile4zeQyUikNm+l3lJdgLwtjUCeIX0DflCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T19:57:53.763915Z"},"content_sha256":"2e109e985d9544b734aa92800d2402a18072555c14d0fc66ffe1d2e5c10d0ca0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2e109e985d9544b734aa92800d2402a18072555c14d0fc66ffe1d2e5c10d0ca0"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:DMWPJ77YDTBIQQFF5NZXCGTKCC","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Iterative Orthogonal Feature Projection for Diagnosing Bias in Black-Box Models","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["stat.ML"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Julius Adebayo, Lalana Kagal","submitted_at":"2016-11-15T18:10:24Z","abstract_excerpt":"Predictive models are increasingly deployed for the purpose of determining access to services such as credit, insurance, and employment. Despite potential gains in productivity and efficiency, several potential problems have yet to be addressed, particularly the potential for unintentional discrimination. We present an iterative procedure, based on orthogonal projection of input attributes, for enabling interpretability of black-box predictive models. Through our iterative procedure, one can quantify the relative dependence of a black-box model on its input attributes.The relative significance"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1611.04967","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:58:49Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UU/QzUgLZCIf2pr/uQXyrdjESTgFdELr+FxcIUvC3ImPzJXHhLIxlYh6CIioE0pHLzUiWg9vadB2vXFOMvJLBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T19:57:53.764270Z"},"content_sha256":"57b94106ec41a13db9ef981672c48e47917ae2fdb92559196329fbd0b5bb6571","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:57b94106ec41a13db9ef981672c48e47917ae2fdb92559196329fbd0b5bb6571"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DMWPJ77YDTBIQQFF5NZXCGTKCC/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DMWPJ77YDTBIQQFF5NZXCGTKCC/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DMWPJ77YDTBIQQFF5NZXCGTKCC/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T19:57:53Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/DMWPJ77YDTBIQQFF5NZXCGTKCC","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/DMWPJ77YDTBIQQFF5NZXCGTKCC/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/DMWPJ77YDTBIQQFF5NZXCGTKCC/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DMWPJ77YDTBIQQFF5NZXCGTKCC/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:DMWPJ77YDTBIQQFF5NZXCGTKCC","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"78d78a5229653fe3d3280753754dd3d09fb0e746b6ce872f3e9c7f037bb7851d","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2016-11-15T18:10:24Z","title_canon_sha256":"a93deeed30f0a6ca6b2d4f42c241b316823357ab385d31ddfba860b98dd0fe66"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1611.04967","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1611.04967","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:58:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1611.04967v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:58:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1611.04967","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:58:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DMWPJ77YDTBI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DMWPJ77YDTBIQQFF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DMWPJ77Y","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:57b94106ec41a13db9ef981672c48e47917ae2fdb92559196329fbd0b5bb6571","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:58:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Predictive models are increasingly deployed for the purpose of determining access to services such as credit, insurance, and employment. Despite potential gains in productivity and efficiency, several potential problems have yet to be addressed, particularly the potential for unintentional discrimination. We present an iterative procedure, based on orthogonal projection of input attributes, for enabling interpretability of black-box predictive models. Through our iterative procedure, one can quantify the relative dependence of a black-box model on its input attributes.The relative significance","authors_text":"Julius Adebayo, Lalana Kagal","cross_cats":["stat.ML"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2016-11-15T18:10:24Z","title":"Iterative Orthogonal Feature Projection for Diagnosing Bias in Black-Box Models"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1611.04967","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:2e109e985d9544b734aa92800d2402a18072555c14d0fc66ffe1d2e5c10d0ca0","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:58:49Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"78d78a5229653fe3d3280753754dd3d09fb0e746b6ce872f3e9c7f037bb7851d","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2016-11-15T18:10:24Z","title_canon_sha256":"a93deeed30f0a6ca6b2d4f42c241b316823357ab385d31ddfba860b98dd0fe66"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1611.04967","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"1b2cf4fff81cc28840a5eb73711a6a10914447b2855ac7493e5e066a9bee7587","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"1b2cf4fff81cc28840a5eb73711a6a10914447b2855ac7493e5e066a9bee7587","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:58:49.385066Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:58:49.385066Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"wFT6t2HuBqkJu842dZJp63CGQiO2J9/QH9b5OFtXiSf7iQ9BgM+T/WltHi3qsH+u7miwkSKmqUDIf1PrSmYvDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:58:49.385692Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1611.04967","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:2e109e985d9544b734aa92800d2402a18072555c14d0fc66ffe1d2e5c10d0ca0","sha256:57b94106ec41a13db9ef981672c48e47917ae2fdb92559196329fbd0b5bb6571"],"state_sha256":"0acc593e6d213f157daeffea51c9b89df8ee511802be34f9a512adf57d59499f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"l2w4MPNdPIMjDSbk0i4TJAQbM8+hL9f8blA3AX9sN9ZSTFUasj1qPrR5VafqPUdLgvwUmoegQwzNjTDoEQkYBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T19:57:53.766704Z","bundle_sha256":"274cb63a898d7b58b6b285173b021be2bb16931e76daffd0692fee3cf20b658c"}}