{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:DN23PZESK3GQYUTK62EE7SNYKT","short_pith_number":"pith:DN23PZES","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1401.4970","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2014-01-20T16:30:57Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"29fc348b50a62c21679406b804fb927fbd4dce40c5ef3034d7085fe70dcbb906","abstract_canon_sha256":"de19995708bfb4b57f9740aec01e418738871bc3214bf47853672686bbce2ba2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1b75b7e49256cd0c526af6884fc9b854caa19c49fcd628a382166c685ec3f5ae","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1401.4970","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1401.4970","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:45:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1401.4970v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:45:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1401.4970","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:45:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DN23PZESK3GQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DN23PZESK3GQYUTK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DN23PZES","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:25Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:DN23PZESK3GQYUTK62EE7SNYKT","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1401.4970","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2014-01-20T16:30:57Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"29fc348b50a62c21679406b804fb927fbd4dce40c5ef3034d7085fe70dcbb906","abstract_canon_sha256":"de19995708bfb4b57f9740aec01e418738871bc3214bf47853672686bbce2ba2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1b75b7e49256cd0c526af6884fc9b854caa19c49fcd628a382166c685ec3f5ae","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:45:18.930035Z","signature_b64":"8DmJvTPMWXCHDF6lQwjPCQBqDRtv5cY/LPcz0zqPIgGFZTJUVWEq7ssVgeHIOAWV9z/Cyv9brO6+5uj5oqVpDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"1b75b7e49256cd0c526af6884fc9b854caa19c49fcd628a382166c685ec3f5ae","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:45:18.929366Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:45:18.929366Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1401.4970","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:45:18Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"YQ80Lm21sg+tFSu1/h7E+zRhJLSf2JEKO3IPx/JCv6iCf8FkMgkEohpLZ0/2rBD4eFMIvwJ1duVGsZiN5OBKBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T20:31:13.975181Z"},"content_sha256":"00a20275d8e9464cb428600a33ef459e103a68033990ea0fb1f5908925a15d5b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:00a20275d8e9464cb428600a33ef459e103a68033990ea0fb1f5908925a15d5b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:DN23PZESK3GQYUTK62EE7SNYKT","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Variable Density Turbulence Tunnel Facility","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"Eberhard Bodenschatz, Gregory P. Bewley, Haitao Xu, Holger Nobach, Michael Sinhuber","submitted_at":"2014-01-20T16:30:57Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Variable Density Turbulence Tunnel (VDTT) at the Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization in G\\\"ottingen, Germany produces very high turbulence levels at moderate flow velocities, low power consumption and adjustable kinematic viscosity between $10^{-4} m^2/s$ and $10^{-7} m^2/s$. The Reynolds number can be varied by changing the pressure or flow rate of the gas or by using different non-flammable gases including air. The highest kinematic viscosities, and hence lowest Reynolds numbers, are reached with air or nitrogen at 0.1 bar. To reach the highest Reynolds numbers the tu"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1401.4970","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:45:18Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8JFn4AC46LkGF5IAlzlGpcg7IONAqCfDGEavUoKedpfU+am7lLwjFx/mGRbAD2m8gsWKH27YmCQmFk8vhN6nCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T20:31:13.975548Z"},"content_sha256":"b35f9838640eb41a8caf3e7713da2574dd29322102e12fee06cfe1a4c16e4803","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b35f9838640eb41a8caf3e7713da2574dd29322102e12fee06cfe1a4c16e4803"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DN23PZESK3GQYUTK62EE7SNYKT/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DN23PZESK3GQYUTK62EE7SNYKT/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DN23PZESK3GQYUTK62EE7SNYKT/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-04T20:31:13Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/DN23PZESK3GQYUTK62EE7SNYKT","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/DN23PZESK3GQYUTK62EE7SNYKT/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/DN23PZESK3GQYUTK62EE7SNYKT/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DN23PZESK3GQYUTK62EE7SNYKT/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:DN23PZESK3GQYUTK62EE7SNYKT","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"de19995708bfb4b57f9740aec01e418738871bc3214bf47853672686bbce2ba2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2014-01-20T16:30:57Z","title_canon_sha256":"29fc348b50a62c21679406b804fb927fbd4dce40c5ef3034d7085fe70dcbb906"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1401.4970","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1401.4970","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:45:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1401.4970v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:45:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1401.4970","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:45:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DN23PZESK3GQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DN23PZESK3GQYUTK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DN23PZES","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:25Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b35f9838640eb41a8caf3e7713da2574dd29322102e12fee06cfe1a4c16e4803","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:45:18Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The Variable Density Turbulence Tunnel (VDTT) at the Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization in G\\\"ottingen, Germany produces very high turbulence levels at moderate flow velocities, low power consumption and adjustable kinematic viscosity between $10^{-4} m^2/s$ and $10^{-7} m^2/s$. The Reynolds number can be varied by changing the pressure or flow rate of the gas or by using different non-flammable gases including air. The highest kinematic viscosities, and hence lowest Reynolds numbers, are reached with air or nitrogen at 0.1 bar. To reach the highest Reynolds numbers the tu","authors_text":"Eberhard Bodenschatz, Gregory P. Bewley, Haitao Xu, Holger Nobach, Michael Sinhuber","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2014-01-20T16:30:57Z","title":"Variable Density Turbulence Tunnel Facility"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1401.4970","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:00a20275d8e9464cb428600a33ef459e103a68033990ea0fb1f5908925a15d5b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:45:18Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"de19995708bfb4b57f9740aec01e418738871bc3214bf47853672686bbce2ba2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2014-01-20T16:30:57Z","title_canon_sha256":"29fc348b50a62c21679406b804fb927fbd4dce40c5ef3034d7085fe70dcbb906"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1401.4970","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"1b75b7e49256cd0c526af6884fc9b854caa19c49fcd628a382166c685ec3f5ae","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"1b75b7e49256cd0c526af6884fc9b854caa19c49fcd628a382166c685ec3f5ae","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:45:18.929366Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:45:18.929366Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"8DmJvTPMWXCHDF6lQwjPCQBqDRtv5cY/LPcz0zqPIgGFZTJUVWEq7ssVgeHIOAWV9z/Cyv9brO6+5uj5oqVpDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:45:18.930035Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1401.4970","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:00a20275d8e9464cb428600a33ef459e103a68033990ea0fb1f5908925a15d5b","sha256:b35f9838640eb41a8caf3e7713da2574dd29322102e12fee06cfe1a4c16e4803"],"state_sha256":"0da0dad8e6554efd5372b8ce1ea7ff75a8cb7a785b7cb1e4b8a0700b72499786"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Mf89185cRMHOsGJt/Q0OuQo8V0omUqmeCDolydjWErCUDLZkbKNko812ll+yBcdQ+0hk0cxWwBgfXekSKtCRAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T20:31:13.977555Z","bundle_sha256":"b35d7959c0a60a682b129c8c4181afa24c1a9855479d986139a1201be7390785"}}