{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:DO2KSMEZ25KTYOT62ZVCSXNTL2","short_pith_number":"pith:DO2KSMEZ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2403.14938","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-22T04:13:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4844bba94e6e410433d4509030256cbe55ab460e4748beb0645480d86951a53f","abstract_canon_sha256":"e6b23f2153fb7f618c4b5446d671783402ea46f7473d5011a5a9fa2199628a71"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1bb4a93099d7553c3a7ed66a295db35eb0047e5e88460877e08538f29f1ef97a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2403.14938","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2403.14938","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2403.14938v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.14938","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DO2KSMEZ25KT","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DO2KSMEZ25KTYOT6","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DO2KSMEZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:DO2KSMEZ25KTYOT62ZVCSXNTL2","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2403.14938","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-22T04:13:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4844bba94e6e410433d4509030256cbe55ab460e4748beb0645480d86951a53f","abstract_canon_sha256":"e6b23f2153fb7f618c4b5446d671783402ea46f7473d5011a5a9fa2199628a71"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1bb4a93099d7553c3a7ed66a295db35eb0047e5e88460877e08538f29f1ef97a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27.949001Z","signature_b64":"LuTAKN7o9afKjjFjxGnMfN0LbKEy3GHqBoYCQEDHsygEGhnfBFf8DlobE/mvMMJr8iy72FME+23G7b6SvHS7Bw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"1bb4a93099d7553c3a7ed66a295db35eb0047e5e88460877e08538f29f1ef97a","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27.948576Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27.948576Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2403.14938","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"xW175TdzNWKQ8sIQTXM7Jrt7uA7MYF8QrQngSzwyBNYpNJLIfLts4AlDNyewzK4ayBmVx99tnrV0NpFY3eciDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T15:43:05.701037Z"},"content_sha256":"6ada875bdbd678f20b4fea1f9e6f7f09d369b1e06fe25fc168053e396b423d19","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6ada875bdbd678f20b4fea1f9e6f7f09d369b1e06fe25fc168053e396b423d19"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:DO2KSMEZ25KTYOT62ZVCSXNTL2","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"On Zero-Shot Counterspeech Generation by LLMs","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Aalok Agrawal, Abhik Jana, Animesh Mukherjee, Chris Biemann, Punyajoy Saha","submitted_at":"2024-03-22T04:13:10Z","abstract_excerpt":"With the emergence of numerous Large Language Models (LLM), the usage of such models in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications is increasing extensively. Counterspeech generation is one such key task where efforts are made to develop generative models by fine-tuning LLMs with hatespeech - counterspeech pairs, but none of these attempts explores the intrinsic properties of large language models in zero-shot settings. In this work, we present a comprehensive analysis of the performances of four LLMs namely GPT-2, DialoGPT, ChatGPT and FlanT5 in zero-shot settings for counterspeec"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2403.14938","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2403.14938/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"NN2BxMsYug6+Uve9lIxl88kXZGwT3BQfEePo5uJ+jNC2OGUM3K1fUXqD7WW5CH16GrktNCbXSvK3sbiohPD1Dw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T15:43:05.701943Z"},"content_sha256":"488ef6c8c13f4e5515e4c4f1424223e33f120faf264c6eb63a7aa9bb85cad3a1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:488ef6c8c13f4e5515e4c4f1424223e33f120faf264c6eb63a7aa9bb85cad3a1"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DO2KSMEZ25KTYOT62ZVCSXNTL2/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DO2KSMEZ25KTYOT62ZVCSXNTL2/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DO2KSMEZ25KTYOT62ZVCSXNTL2/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-08T15:43:05Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/DO2KSMEZ25KTYOT62ZVCSXNTL2","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/DO2KSMEZ25KTYOT62ZVCSXNTL2/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/DO2KSMEZ25KTYOT62ZVCSXNTL2/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DO2KSMEZ25KTYOT62ZVCSXNTL2/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:DO2KSMEZ25KTYOT62ZVCSXNTL2","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e6b23f2153fb7f618c4b5446d671783402ea46f7473d5011a5a9fa2199628a71","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-22T04:13:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"4844bba94e6e410433d4509030256cbe55ab460e4748beb0645480d86951a53f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2403.14938","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2403.14938","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2403.14938v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2403.14938","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DO2KSMEZ25KT","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DO2KSMEZ25KTYOT6","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DO2KSMEZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:488ef6c8c13f4e5515e4c4f1424223e33f120faf264c6eb63a7aa9bb85cad3a1","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2403.14938/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"With the emergence of numerous Large Language Models (LLM), the usage of such models in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications is increasing extensively. Counterspeech generation is one such key task where efforts are made to develop generative models by fine-tuning LLMs with hatespeech - counterspeech pairs, but none of these attempts explores the intrinsic properties of large language models in zero-shot settings. In this work, we present a comprehensive analysis of the performances of four LLMs namely GPT-2, DialoGPT, ChatGPT and FlanT5 in zero-shot settings for counterspeec","authors_text":"Aalok Agrawal, Abhik Jana, Animesh Mukherjee, Chris Biemann, Punyajoy Saha","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-22T04:13:10Z","title":"On Zero-Shot Counterspeech Generation by LLMs"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2403.14938","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:6ada875bdbd678f20b4fea1f9e6f7f09d369b1e06fe25fc168053e396b423d19","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e6b23f2153fb7f618c4b5446d671783402ea46f7473d5011a5a9fa2199628a71","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-03-22T04:13:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"4844bba94e6e410433d4509030256cbe55ab460e4748beb0645480d86951a53f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2403.14938","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"1bb4a93099d7553c3a7ed66a295db35eb0047e5e88460877e08538f29f1ef97a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"1bb4a93099d7553c3a7ed66a295db35eb0047e5e88460877e08538f29f1ef97a","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27.948576Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27.948576Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"LuTAKN7o9afKjjFjxGnMfN0LbKEy3GHqBoYCQEDHsygEGhnfBFf8DlobE/mvMMJr8iy72FME+23G7b6SvHS7Bw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:59:27.949001Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2403.14938","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:6ada875bdbd678f20b4fea1f9e6f7f09d369b1e06fe25fc168053e396b423d19","sha256:488ef6c8c13f4e5515e4c4f1424223e33f120faf264c6eb63a7aa9bb85cad3a1"],"state_sha256":"f30447fb9578a1f6b23c588200b9d6096d77651cbb9cbdb4e6a5062a98e2d5fc"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"u3uoPFxSLnEJqZTluoigRkBMVkD1OldxvigtQXFKN762tQ42QhjejVXeZu42db24TCK+1NxEA9xkK62eFASPCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T15:43:05.708971Z","bundle_sha256":"bee77da260f19f4892910146f7235c8493474a342670be97031a4916842e82e2"}}