{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1998:DOJT4ZOTF26RW4S5I5GEU63VLS","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5dcc5b2f50bc82cc6153c6bea040530cd6d41dc66abf841d97dd7cb5dcb4fefa","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph","hep-ph","hep-th"],"license":"","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"1998-03-19T00:56:39Z","title_canon_sha256":"36d4512187a9dbaaa13bf4e935666037870048b7062386fe201ceaf852ff8f20"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"gr-qc/9803068","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"gr-qc/9803068","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:52:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"gr-qc/9803068v3","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:52:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.gr-qc/9803068","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:52:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DOJT4ZOTF26R","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:52:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DOJT4ZOTF26RW4S5","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:52:06Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DOJT4ZOT","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:52:06Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:cfc90b9bb4d53e1bee9f80fd5927841f66abdab8c66aebd5f56f663748900ed2","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:52:06Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/gr-qc/9803068/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We propose two new classes of instantons which describe the tunneling and/or quantum creation of closed and open universes. The instantons leading to an open universe can be considered as generalizations of the Coleman-De-Luccia solution. They are non-singular, unlike the instantons recently studied by Hawking and Turok, whose prescription has the problem that the singularity is located on the hypersurface connecting to the Lorentzian region, which makes it difficult to remove. We argue that such singularities are harmless if they are located purely in the Euclidean region. We thus obtain new ","authors_text":"Andrei Linde, Raphael Bousso","cross_cats":["astro-ph","hep-ph","hep-th"],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"1998-03-19T00:56:39Z","title":"Quantum Creation of a Universe with $\\Omega \\not = 1$: Singular and Non-Singular Instantons"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"gr-qc/9803068","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0ae9125c386947988f52863e2a146063923b3fd5042f4dd9d8da567decded7ab","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T15:52:06Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5dcc5b2f50bc82cc6153c6bea040530cd6d41dc66abf841d97dd7cb5dcb4fefa","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph","hep-ph","hep-th"],"license":"","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"1998-03-19T00:56:39Z","title_canon_sha256":"36d4512187a9dbaaa13bf4e935666037870048b7062386fe201ceaf852ff8f20"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"gr-qc/9803068","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"1b933e65d32ebd1b725d474c4a7b755c822157af2687991828ab6924fbc956cb","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"1b933e65d32ebd1b725d474c4a7b755c822157af2687991828ab6924fbc956cb","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T15:52:06.840946Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T15:52:06.840946Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"xsaRyTOBwO18GuUGNJmwEPdGHeu5WAlfH8jbG3c2YlLV+T2JFJoxn86RcctOWG9H0L9P+9DsGK9TWP7BUANuDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T15:52:06.841330Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"gr-qc/9803068","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0ae9125c386947988f52863e2a146063923b3fd5042f4dd9d8da567decded7ab","sha256:cfc90b9bb4d53e1bee9f80fd5927841f66abdab8c66aebd5f56f663748900ed2"],"state_sha256":"6afd46bfc291632011ab9ed81b2c8323ff2877a0e0ef7c1b0fb01b468d61754f"}