{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:DQ5D2VCU7CH44ULQG3YFIILKB3","short_pith_number":"pith:DQ5D2VCU","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2111.09501","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2021-11-18T03:42:15Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.app-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"d763c8584762207355323b274d1af344d8701c463906be2d055050a8cb6d343e","abstract_canon_sha256":"41ee40c264da95e9d654dd5b67de616abb73beb8fd3488803be3faf1f8c65f60"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1c3a3d5454f88fce517036f054216a0ee5e988d971fef64a833570c8413bb22a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2111.09501","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2111.09501","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2111.09501v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2111.09501","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DQ5D2VCU7CH4","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DQ5D2VCU7CH44ULQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DQ5D2VCU","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:DQ5D2VCU7CH44ULQG3YFIILKB3","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2111.09501","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2021-11-18T03:42:15Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.app-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"d763c8584762207355323b274d1af344d8701c463906be2d055050a8cb6d343e","abstract_canon_sha256":"41ee40c264da95e9d654dd5b67de616abb73beb8fd3488803be3faf1f8c65f60"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1c3a3d5454f88fce517036f054216a0ee5e988d971fef64a833570c8413bb22a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56.665281Z","signature_b64":"qRhan0AjGxyxlf0J/D8jkSLDrnqWlnfBf+FhDevwY8FABryib6O0KRFfL789XmQyNLW1YfP1n3/WgA0nQhzJAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"1c3a3d5454f88fce517036f054216a0ee5e988d971fef64a833570c8413bb22a","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56.664772Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56.664772Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2111.09501","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"IfOFuy3iekbEIfNjBRF11uW5Veez7FsSvGW30hrJogiKprBdrnzaHh3ZbvHjF44+mMbWtAa/7UClVvPpBC42AQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T18:03:41.911447Z"},"content_sha256":"4c48ab33664ef82a46141f8d86afcb0f386c60a621f718fd540ecf280e462f36","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4c48ab33664ef82a46141f8d86afcb0f386c60a621f718fd540ecf280e462f36"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:DQ5D2VCU7CH44ULQG3YFIILKB3","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Multi-line lasing in the broadly tunable ammonia quantum cascade laser pumped molecular laser","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.app-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.optics","authors_text":"Arman Amirzhan, Federico Capasso, Henry O. Everitt, H. Ted Stinson, Jeremy Rowlette, Michael Pushkarsky, Paul Chevalier, Timothy Day","submitted_at":"2021-11-18T03:42:15Z","abstract_excerpt":"Gaseous ammonia has previously been demonstrated as a compelling gain medium for a quantum cascade laser pumped molecular laser (QPML), exhibiting good power efficiency but limited tunability. Here we explore the potential of the ammonia QPML to produce powerful, broadly tunable terahertz frequency lasing on rotational and pure inversion transitions. After theoretically predicting possible laser frequencies, pump thresholds, and efficiencies, we experimentally demonstrate unprecedented tunability -- from 0.762 to more than 4.5 THz -- by pumping Q- and R-branch infrared transitions with widely "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2111.09501","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2111.09501/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"h6tZz2Q3E17mcnx0iaiW4Eqgv8Of6TUpxFlWpEH8AXLw8pBBaY/A5me7B5nSjC/wWVMpxG1NU/WCC2Nxne/aDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T18:03:41.912358Z"},"content_sha256":"0c0e7938c908fe7b40183649b32f90b8695a63bfefb39330ee48e1e88a506329","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0c0e7938c908fe7b40183649b32f90b8695a63bfefb39330ee48e1e88a506329"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DQ5D2VCU7CH44ULQG3YFIILKB3/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DQ5D2VCU7CH44ULQG3YFIILKB3/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DQ5D2VCU7CH44ULQG3YFIILKB3/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-11T18:03:41Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/DQ5D2VCU7CH44ULQG3YFIILKB3","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/DQ5D2VCU7CH44ULQG3YFIILKB3/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/DQ5D2VCU7CH44ULQG3YFIILKB3/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DQ5D2VCU7CH44ULQG3YFIILKB3/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:DQ5D2VCU7CH44ULQG3YFIILKB3","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"41ee40c264da95e9d654dd5b67de616abb73beb8fd3488803be3faf1f8c65f60","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.app-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2021-11-18T03:42:15Z","title_canon_sha256":"d763c8584762207355323b274d1af344d8701c463906be2d055050a8cb6d343e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2111.09501","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2111.09501","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2111.09501v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2111.09501","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DQ5D2VCU7CH4","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DQ5D2VCU7CH44ULQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DQ5D2VCU","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0c0e7938c908fe7b40183649b32f90b8695a63bfefb39330ee48e1e88a506329","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2111.09501/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Gaseous ammonia has previously been demonstrated as a compelling gain medium for a quantum cascade laser pumped molecular laser (QPML), exhibiting good power efficiency but limited tunability. Here we explore the potential of the ammonia QPML to produce powerful, broadly tunable terahertz frequency lasing on rotational and pure inversion transitions. After theoretically predicting possible laser frequencies, pump thresholds, and efficiencies, we experimentally demonstrate unprecedented tunability -- from 0.762 to more than 4.5 THz -- by pumping Q- and R-branch infrared transitions with widely ","authors_text":"Arman Amirzhan, Federico Capasso, Henry O. Everitt, H. Ted Stinson, Jeremy Rowlette, Michael Pushkarsky, Paul Chevalier, Timothy Day","cross_cats":["physics.app-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2021-11-18T03:42:15Z","title":"Multi-line lasing in the broadly tunable ammonia quantum cascade laser pumped molecular laser"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2111.09501","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4c48ab33664ef82a46141f8d86afcb0f386c60a621f718fd540ecf280e462f36","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"41ee40c264da95e9d654dd5b67de616abb73beb8fd3488803be3faf1f8c65f60","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.app-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2021-11-18T03:42:15Z","title_canon_sha256":"d763c8584762207355323b274d1af344d8701c463906be2d055050a8cb6d343e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2111.09501","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"1c3a3d5454f88fce517036f054216a0ee5e988d971fef64a833570c8413bb22a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"1c3a3d5454f88fce517036f054216a0ee5e988d971fef64a833570c8413bb22a","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56.664772Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56.664772Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"qRhan0AjGxyxlf0J/D8jkSLDrnqWlnfBf+FhDevwY8FABryib6O0KRFfL789XmQyNLW1YfP1n3/WgA0nQhzJAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:03:56.665281Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2111.09501","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4c48ab33664ef82a46141f8d86afcb0f386c60a621f718fd540ecf280e462f36","sha256:0c0e7938c908fe7b40183649b32f90b8695a63bfefb39330ee48e1e88a506329"],"state_sha256":"1948e7cc04bc72a3546f296dc471dcd803d56b070a8fe5e579207c0ba70636fa"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"pNVdEDWKRyGiSWcxcsL+8bP6l3UzS5bsurQd7VLp1og56A9xg6GzklrvtTcoCZmAgKDaxfLiKV3QpdfSRAxeDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T18:03:41.918876Z","bundle_sha256":"26fce3d60d3379980a16bcb3a14dd205b30fee06ced6395530b70842d44dd8d7"}}