{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:DTVMOVS3WH423MN22AIE4KZEI5","short_pith_number":"pith:DTVMOVS3","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1601.06889","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","submitted_at":"2016-01-26T04:31:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6b8b3f6a19a6a9faca2aad3e7f577ffd23cc26145cd128df4b5caf28188792f5","abstract_canon_sha256":"606d31eff1337ede0c37c602a072fcdffadac06e0ed3ce7220b89d0908e361d0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1ceac7565bb1f9adb1bad0104e2b2447733ac81dc0bc4982e8d33d4fdd0d281c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1601.06889","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1601.06889","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1601.06889v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1601.06889","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DTVMOVS3WH42","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DTVMOVS3WH423MN2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DTVMOVS3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:DTVMOVS3WH423MN22AIE4KZEI5","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1601.06889","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","submitted_at":"2016-01-26T04:31:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6b8b3f6a19a6a9faca2aad3e7f577ffd23cc26145cd128df4b5caf28188792f5","abstract_canon_sha256":"606d31eff1337ede0c37c602a072fcdffadac06e0ed3ce7220b89d0908e361d0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1ceac7565bb1f9adb1bad0104e2b2447733ac81dc0bc4982e8d33d4fdd0d281c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:19.223992Z","signature_b64":"ptfq6dPhqHTlr/QiL6sBdLxSd9tyMJ5FsOuyYT4hUSvxEpIIVDzqb+5xd4j4OVL+W47iNfV4+tbqnpLmaqN3Aw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"1ceac7565bb1f9adb1bad0104e2b2447733ac81dc0bc4982e8d33d4fdd0d281c","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:19.223581Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:19.223581Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1601.06889","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:19Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"izh4MeVBiy1Y49KbDQlCuHi5WCiaZNYdDRixj8ltiTiAYOsVtvtKgNJVtsbxSyng9gV0BFEs9KjvNU9XxrDACw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T09:28:36.962586Z"},"content_sha256":"5123519ca9ad9c9410d1ae02360221653b7af811210d2955dbb285cd2b02f175","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5123519ca9ad9c9410d1ae02360221653b7af811210d2955dbb285cd2b02f175"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:DTVMOVS3WH423MN22AIE4KZEI5","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The physical origin of hydrophobic effects","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","authors_text":"Qiang Sun","submitted_at":"2016-01-26T04:31:27Z","abstract_excerpt":"The strength of hydrogen bonding in water is stronger than that of van der waals interaction, therefore water may play an important role in the process of hydrophobic effects. When a hydrophobic solute is dissolved into water, an interface appears between the solute and water. To understand the mechanism of hydrophobic effects, it is necessary to study the structure of water and solute/water interface. In this study, based on the structural studies on water and air/water interface, the hydration free energy is derived, and utilized to investigate the physical origin of hydrophobic effects. Acc"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1601.06889","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:19Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0K34GGOuvgHNb75+z9lcdkrBuCY6WPnQDFivNE/cP1W2th7SKLOeEMqmzBWhTYEADIHQxlbJkaiFnYz4lnx9DQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T09:28:36.962929Z"},"content_sha256":"cac046d873b1c0d53b1eb897e8c7f5edafe7a74ce9c287c97eaccb46af35cb1c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cac046d873b1c0d53b1eb897e8c7f5edafe7a74ce9c287c97eaccb46af35cb1c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DTVMOVS3WH423MN22AIE4KZEI5/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DTVMOVS3WH423MN22AIE4KZEI5/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DTVMOVS3WH423MN22AIE4KZEI5/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-05T09:28:36Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/DTVMOVS3WH423MN22AIE4KZEI5","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/DTVMOVS3WH423MN22AIE4KZEI5/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/DTVMOVS3WH423MN22AIE4KZEI5/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DTVMOVS3WH423MN22AIE4KZEI5/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:DTVMOVS3WH423MN22AIE4KZEI5","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"606d31eff1337ede0c37c602a072fcdffadac06e0ed3ce7220b89d0908e361d0","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","submitted_at":"2016-01-26T04:31:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"6b8b3f6a19a6a9faca2aad3e7f577ffd23cc26145cd128df4b5caf28188792f5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1601.06889","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1601.06889","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1601.06889v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1601.06889","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DTVMOVS3WH42","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DTVMOVS3WH423MN2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DTVMOVS3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:cac046d873b1c0d53b1eb897e8c7f5edafe7a74ce9c287c97eaccb46af35cb1c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:19Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The strength of hydrogen bonding in water is stronger than that of van der waals interaction, therefore water may play an important role in the process of hydrophobic effects. When a hydrophobic solute is dissolved into water, an interface appears between the solute and water. To understand the mechanism of hydrophobic effects, it is necessary to study the structure of water and solute/water interface. In this study, based on the structural studies on water and air/water interface, the hydration free energy is derived, and utilized to investigate the physical origin of hydrophobic effects. Acc","authors_text":"Qiang Sun","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","submitted_at":"2016-01-26T04:31:27Z","title":"The physical origin of hydrophobic effects"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1601.06889","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:5123519ca9ad9c9410d1ae02360221653b7af811210d2955dbb285cd2b02f175","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:19Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"606d31eff1337ede0c37c602a072fcdffadac06e0ed3ce7220b89d0908e361d0","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","submitted_at":"2016-01-26T04:31:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"6b8b3f6a19a6a9faca2aad3e7f577ffd23cc26145cd128df4b5caf28188792f5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1601.06889","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"1ceac7565bb1f9adb1bad0104e2b2447733ac81dc0bc4982e8d33d4fdd0d281c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"1ceac7565bb1f9adb1bad0104e2b2447733ac81dc0bc4982e8d33d4fdd0d281c","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:19.223581Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:19.223581Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ptfq6dPhqHTlr/QiL6sBdLxSd9tyMJ5FsOuyYT4hUSvxEpIIVDzqb+5xd4j4OVL+W47iNfV4+tbqnpLmaqN3Aw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:19.223992Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1601.06889","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:5123519ca9ad9c9410d1ae02360221653b7af811210d2955dbb285cd2b02f175","sha256:cac046d873b1c0d53b1eb897e8c7f5edafe7a74ce9c287c97eaccb46af35cb1c"],"state_sha256":"9031925770e6b00e39b9f0542288818503421799ef9a8fc7567b13da5a995b05"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0RoE5L65akmm7QLMf/iBaOMza+Rv5z4C/0Ik04g66BoJIdzpervk3KOsCGL4x9wZMazFPsaXIzsm5WLHwfzmAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T09:28:36.964874Z","bundle_sha256":"8d24a695bab8e166e4603cff02575cd56dc1ffdebcacf69ce7764cc545ef1863"}}