{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:DXHPPO3NNBGCTV7SXV3SLBIRYI","short_pith_number":"pith:DXHPPO3N","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1802.01921","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.TR","submitted_at":"2018-02-06T12:57:52Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"51f590dd5c2952b7315ef81f4249c087ae6cff6ded883ef74b37f0ca1ba22716","abstract_canon_sha256":"bd13dbd4c480749c5f1762b829dce805cdefd179fb4221f150949c3b798aebed"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1dcef7bb6d684c29d7f2bd77258511c221681adcb8df1ec8b15c51f9614f8c93","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1802.01921","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1802.01921","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1802.01921v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1802.01921","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DXHPPO3NNBGC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DXHPPO3NNBGCTV7S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DXHPPO3N","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:19Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:DXHPPO3NNBGCTV7SXV3SLBIRYI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1802.01921","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.TR","submitted_at":"2018-02-06T12:57:52Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"51f590dd5c2952b7315ef81f4249c087ae6cff6ded883ef74b37f0ca1ba22716","abstract_canon_sha256":"bd13dbd4c480749c5f1762b829dce805cdefd179fb4221f150949c3b798aebed"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1dcef7bb6d684c29d7f2bd77258511c221681adcb8df1ec8b15c51f9614f8c93","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:02.783566Z","signature_b64":"lV5QnwdXX9xK0UtFgZdW25br84b3uZMRMiedXzHg+wtQ6DzpBGLPpB0rL2lVVWYTTrI9ZWk9d3C1wUAOGypkAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"1dcef7bb6d684c29d7f2bd77258511c221681adcb8df1ec8b15c51f9614f8c93","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:02.782893Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:02.782893Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1802.01921","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:02Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QTxySfjuQy6EkucTEJkSjOBT2RHXZJ9bhwqNhccJVmWGHmOTkOKRyDnoou5ODYyKwcUIemcKRIuT3ky1dj7nAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T10:56:27.034848Z"},"content_sha256":"e76ad56b75981241028b11b422de70c2fcb05c07acb27e2d3b2c2127eefd0073","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e76ad56b75981241028b11b422de70c2fcb05c07acb27e2d3b2c2127eefd0073"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:DXHPPO3NNBGCTV7SXV3SLBIRYI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Dynamical regularities of US equities opening and closing auctions","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"q-fin.TR","authors_text":"Damien Challet, Nikita Gourianov","submitted_at":"2018-02-06T12:57:52Z","abstract_excerpt":"We first investigate the evolution of opening and closing auctions volumes of US equities along the years. We then report dynamical properties of pre-auction periods: the indicative match price is strongly mean-reverting because the imbalance is; the final auction price reacts to a single auction order placement or cancellation in markedly different ways in the opening and closing auctions when computed conditionally on imbalance improving or worsening events; the indicative price reverts towards the mid price of the regular limit order book but is not especially bound to the spread."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1802.01921","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:02Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"dbh4Ul057kp/dNn1+nVpCz9JCW7cB/5e9/d1E2saQs+Xy6I8S72Esm+S2KT5WexGLbTKgA01uQzmzqfdNeTEBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T10:56:27.035194Z"},"content_sha256":"d12c09ca5b031d49c1a837e24cd2f308ecb1957e9ad952c86e257bccd116a6e0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d12c09ca5b031d49c1a837e24cd2f308ecb1957e9ad952c86e257bccd116a6e0"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DXHPPO3NNBGCTV7SXV3SLBIRYI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DXHPPO3NNBGCTV7SXV3SLBIRYI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DXHPPO3NNBGCTV7SXV3SLBIRYI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T10:56:27Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/DXHPPO3NNBGCTV7SXV3SLBIRYI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/DXHPPO3NNBGCTV7SXV3SLBIRYI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/DXHPPO3NNBGCTV7SXV3SLBIRYI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DXHPPO3NNBGCTV7SXV3SLBIRYI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:DXHPPO3NNBGCTV7SXV3SLBIRYI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bd13dbd4c480749c5f1762b829dce805cdefd179fb4221f150949c3b798aebed","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.TR","submitted_at":"2018-02-06T12:57:52Z","title_canon_sha256":"51f590dd5c2952b7315ef81f4249c087ae6cff6ded883ef74b37f0ca1ba22716"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1802.01921","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1802.01921","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1802.01921v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1802.01921","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DXHPPO3NNBGC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DXHPPO3NNBGCTV7S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DXHPPO3N","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:19Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d12c09ca5b031d49c1a837e24cd2f308ecb1957e9ad952c86e257bccd116a6e0","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:02Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We first investigate the evolution of opening and closing auctions volumes of US equities along the years. We then report dynamical properties of pre-auction periods: the indicative match price is strongly mean-reverting because the imbalance is; the final auction price reacts to a single auction order placement or cancellation in markedly different ways in the opening and closing auctions when computed conditionally on imbalance improving or worsening events; the indicative price reverts towards the mid price of the regular limit order book but is not especially bound to the spread.","authors_text":"Damien Challet, Nikita Gourianov","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.TR","submitted_at":"2018-02-06T12:57:52Z","title":"Dynamical regularities of US equities opening and closing auctions"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1802.01921","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e76ad56b75981241028b11b422de70c2fcb05c07acb27e2d3b2c2127eefd0073","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:02Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bd13dbd4c480749c5f1762b829dce805cdefd179fb4221f150949c3b798aebed","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.TR","submitted_at":"2018-02-06T12:57:52Z","title_canon_sha256":"51f590dd5c2952b7315ef81f4249c087ae6cff6ded883ef74b37f0ca1ba22716"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1802.01921","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"1dcef7bb6d684c29d7f2bd77258511c221681adcb8df1ec8b15c51f9614f8c93","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"1dcef7bb6d684c29d7f2bd77258511c221681adcb8df1ec8b15c51f9614f8c93","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:02.782893Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:02.782893Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"lV5QnwdXX9xK0UtFgZdW25br84b3uZMRMiedXzHg+wtQ6DzpBGLPpB0rL2lVVWYTTrI9ZWk9d3C1wUAOGypkAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:04:02.783566Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1802.01921","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e76ad56b75981241028b11b422de70c2fcb05c07acb27e2d3b2c2127eefd0073","sha256:d12c09ca5b031d49c1a837e24cd2f308ecb1957e9ad952c86e257bccd116a6e0"],"state_sha256":"3b091a53d8ccdbb414af73925285f19d6e4f1809ccb0de728c6285879c1ad97e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8XhdHqC7wx7qPR1AL1xFWn6klIzKRMZe6ACDvOMtZ/c87RsfJc2rFLzUR+vgfID+zQpDEmcPR4yTGkm1g0IxBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T10:56:27.037129Z","bundle_sha256":"a109ec5c6c55790916f5686e458b8f9a7f63fa23f61090dc76c602b62bcef0fd"}}