{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2004:DZBS44WLPSZDLA6L4ZURKRVFMN","short_pith_number":"pith:DZBS44WL","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"hep-th/0404109","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2004-04-15T22:35:24Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph","gr-qc"],"title_canon_sha256":"91df96431c6c02476d0f769f7e4553c61bf26f6f9b093d8c91e2c1077c12f94b","abstract_canon_sha256":"7b449cd2f1800a8fa969121402765004ab1dc4e3aa0cc73eed0c316c157cb1a9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1e432e72cb7cb23583cbe6691546a56351d0c2b38f6fcb1f09d6f01842066f44","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"hep-th/0404109","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"hep-th/0404109","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:05:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"hep-th/0404109v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:05:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/0404109","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:05:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DZBS44WLPSZD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DZBS44WLPSZDLA6L","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DZBS44WL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:52Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2004:DZBS44WLPSZDLA6L4ZURKRVFMN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"hep-th/0404109","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2004-04-15T22:35:24Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph","gr-qc"],"title_canon_sha256":"91df96431c6c02476d0f769f7e4553c61bf26f6f9b093d8c91e2c1077c12f94b","abstract_canon_sha256":"7b449cd2f1800a8fa969121402765004ab1dc4e3aa0cc73eed0c316c157cb1a9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"1e432e72cb7cb23583cbe6691546a56351d0c2b38f6fcb1f09d6f01842066f44","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:05:58.862278Z","signature_b64":"VI7rzelHqwvd1XVoPJ8d/VvaESKYdLTR7RXt8iRPYdTdyaucwY9xKxLJf3cJc3rb7CsJXUhQdvSmIXFbz56VDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"1e432e72cb7cb23583cbe6691546a56351d0c2b38f6fcb1f09d6f01842066f44","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:05:58.861786Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:05:58.861786Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"hep-th/0404109","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:05:58Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"XvgIfQfVK3yHKlhJDAuJQLSE6d36cdjlniU4Cfd77nVN/Bsq8/QV/tJOhlkXeNIcAOVRKS3ROq2gyaZvSdBLAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T07:08:37.993548Z"},"content_sha256":"b4c16f476a38c3e6ba3a4224a75812d90d73ca38b427ec63364b9b9dcf0cd131","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b4c16f476a38c3e6ba3a4224a75812d90d73ca38b427ec63364b9b9dcf0cd131"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2004:DZBS44WLPSZDLA6L4ZURKRVFMN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Accelerated expansion and the Goldstone ghost","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph","gr-qc"],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"B. Holdom","submitted_at":"2004-04-15T22:35:24Z","abstract_excerpt":"A vacuum instability due to a massless ghost in a hidden sector can lead to an effective equation of state for dark energy that changes smoothly from $w=-3/2$ at large redshifts, to $w\\approx-1.2$ today, to $w=-1$ in the future. We discuss how this ghost can be the Goldstone boson of Lorentz symmetry breaking, and we find that this breaking in the hidden sector should occur at a scale below $\\sim$10 KeV. The normal particles that are produced along with the ghosts are then predominantly neutrinos."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"hep-th/0404109","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:05:58Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"38Gaywl6i+LlPBPa1JWMqBei143mVhQzoRulBvDU3+sLZQazaDJFENiCgTgZUwe0OgvrKmMqOdss9bxVzT+bAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T07:08:37.993881Z"},"content_sha256":"7dadab5efb2510c64d464af879ce1c7496bd3349cf8e59c948b2ba655b11184e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7dadab5efb2510c64d464af879ce1c7496bd3349cf8e59c948b2ba655b11184e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DZBS44WLPSZDLA6L4ZURKRVFMN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/DZBS44WLPSZDLA6L4ZURKRVFMN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DZBS44WLPSZDLA6L4ZURKRVFMN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T07:08:37Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/DZBS44WLPSZDLA6L4ZURKRVFMN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/DZBS44WLPSZDLA6L4ZURKRVFMN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/DZBS44WLPSZDLA6L4ZURKRVFMN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/DZBS44WLPSZDLA6L4ZURKRVFMN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2004:DZBS44WLPSZDLA6L4ZURKRVFMN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7b449cd2f1800a8fa969121402765004ab1dc4e3aa0cc73eed0c316c157cb1a9","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph","gr-qc"],"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2004-04-15T22:35:24Z","title_canon_sha256":"91df96431c6c02476d0f769f7e4553c61bf26f6f9b093d8c91e2c1077c12f94b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"hep-th/0404109","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"hep-th/0404109","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:05:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"hep-th/0404109v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:05:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/0404109","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:05:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"DZBS44WLPSZD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"DZBS44WLPSZDLA6L","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"DZBS44WL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:52Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7dadab5efb2510c64d464af879ce1c7496bd3349cf8e59c948b2ba655b11184e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:05:58Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"A vacuum instability due to a massless ghost in a hidden sector can lead to an effective equation of state for dark energy that changes smoothly from $w=-3/2$ at large redshifts, to $w\\approx-1.2$ today, to $w=-1$ in the future. We discuss how this ghost can be the Goldstone boson of Lorentz symmetry breaking, and we find that this breaking in the hidden sector should occur at a scale below $\\sim$10 KeV. The normal particles that are produced along with the ghosts are then predominantly neutrinos.","authors_text":"B. Holdom","cross_cats":["astro-ph","gr-qc"],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2004-04-15T22:35:24Z","title":"Accelerated expansion and the Goldstone ghost"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"hep-th/0404109","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b4c16f476a38c3e6ba3a4224a75812d90d73ca38b427ec63364b9b9dcf0cd131","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:05:58Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7b449cd2f1800a8fa969121402765004ab1dc4e3aa0cc73eed0c316c157cb1a9","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph","gr-qc"],"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2004-04-15T22:35:24Z","title_canon_sha256":"91df96431c6c02476d0f769f7e4553c61bf26f6f9b093d8c91e2c1077c12f94b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"hep-th/0404109","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"1e432e72cb7cb23583cbe6691546a56351d0c2b38f6fcb1f09d6f01842066f44","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"1e432e72cb7cb23583cbe6691546a56351d0c2b38f6fcb1f09d6f01842066f44","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:05:58.861786Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:05:58.861786Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"VI7rzelHqwvd1XVoPJ8d/VvaESKYdLTR7RXt8iRPYdTdyaucwY9xKxLJf3cJc3rb7CsJXUhQdvSmIXFbz56VDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:05:58.862278Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"hep-th/0404109","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b4c16f476a38c3e6ba3a4224a75812d90d73ca38b427ec63364b9b9dcf0cd131","sha256:7dadab5efb2510c64d464af879ce1c7496bd3349cf8e59c948b2ba655b11184e"],"state_sha256":"09714a2ae9517e075abe2b01f548484b1633dc9afd4c13b75f12907f80f4f166"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"avGKR1GlXXUG/BZe5ZMAUs5PDe8fU3bonO3baLgS5oeH9PCmAsIqZdBLHrQELfbI3Jjt46XBDNvkxqz7teDiDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T07:08:37.995736Z","bundle_sha256":"54f20238e6d898e6e7a1d6d52b44f8891fcea38ccdfdbad6f87d5f10a2a12b88"}}