{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:E44CQEHLUX72DLHLPUVGHIQ3RE","short_pith_number":"pith:E44CQEHL","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2404.19303","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2024-04-30T07:07:45Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"title_canon_sha256":"ff9e0b9e63641af927e24ae6e64a2b2899ac5830520dd0908a3f2429a03b28e4","abstract_canon_sha256":"06e92958103c37a5387fa44b6b14ec0d23a60e1973903457bb95a9b29394d340"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"27382810eba5ffa1aceb7d2a63a21b89378e13ab273fac710f31c5a8a35a83d8","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2404.19303","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2404.19303","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2404.19303v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2404.19303","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"E44CQEHLUX72","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"E44CQEHLUX72DLHL","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"E44CQEHL","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:E44CQEHLUX72DLHLPUVGHIQ3RE","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2404.19303","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2024-04-30T07:07:45Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"title_canon_sha256":"ff9e0b9e63641af927e24ae6e64a2b2899ac5830520dd0908a3f2429a03b28e4","abstract_canon_sha256":"06e92958103c37a5387fa44b6b14ec0d23a60e1973903457bb95a9b29394d340"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"27382810eba5ffa1aceb7d2a63a21b89378e13ab273fac710f31c5a8a35a83d8","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39.447869Z","signature_b64":"Ci8irGApAqFAnzV99SHEZn1cEk9z1MBTyYxIxwe/yTqXuXzSOYuspYxAewMRXyFoaN3U6Pcj9sOKqcO4Mz6KAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"27382810eba5ffa1aceb7d2a63a21b89378e13ab273fac710f31c5a8a35a83d8","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39.447417Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39.447417Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2404.19303","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"h1ThYmUeR18v5qHW05L30XR7gwZiPfhvzr+szA1jQRMjrFOGQuz+eKvXOS8KYn4wWjOSH37q4mhk5vgH0RdYBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T02:34:08.511703Z"},"content_sha256":"838206afac82583ad65ebea8fd7dd00f65004caa5eb82405f21ad618240d6ac7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:838206afac82583ad65ebea8fd7dd00f65004caa5eb82405f21ad618240d6ac7"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:E44CQEHLUX72DLHLPUVGHIQ3RE","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Data Set Terminology of Deep Learning in Medicine: A Historical Review and Recommendation","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CV"],"primary_cat":"cs.AI","authors_text":"Akifumi Hagiwara, Daiju Ueda, Hiroshi Seki, Hirotaka Takita, Rintaro Ito, Shannon L. Walston, Shingo Sato, Shouhei Hanaoka, Yasuhito Mitsuyama, Yukio Miki","submitted_at":"2024-04-30T07:07:45Z","abstract_excerpt":"Medicine and deep learning-based artificial intelligence (AI) engineering represent two distinct fields each with decades of published history. With such history comes a set of terminology that has a specific way in which it is applied. However, when two distinct fields with overlapping terminology start to collaborate, miscommunication and misunderstandings can occur. This narrative review aims to give historical context for these terms, accentuate the importance of clarity when these terms are used in medical AI contexts, and offer solutions to mitigate misunderstandings by readers from eith"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2404.19303","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2404.19303/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qEJIULd3DP/10MhlV0jtCF5A1MDvvdluAqAUJ92HqXrb0UQz9Jiq0i41Rx0Tqykx/P6sBcGMPau6MaiVnt0SAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T02:34:08.512092Z"},"content_sha256":"5618509d2662f90d3c1825b77330b898200df4a272408d1ed8573cb0519e92e0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5618509d2662f90d3c1825b77330b898200df4a272408d1ed8573cb0519e92e0"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/E44CQEHLUX72DLHLPUVGHIQ3RE/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/E44CQEHLUX72DLHLPUVGHIQ3RE/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/E44CQEHLUX72DLHLPUVGHIQ3RE/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-17T02:34:08Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/E44CQEHLUX72DLHLPUVGHIQ3RE","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/E44CQEHLUX72DLHLPUVGHIQ3RE/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/E44CQEHLUX72DLHLPUVGHIQ3RE/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/E44CQEHLUX72DLHLPUVGHIQ3RE/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:E44CQEHLUX72DLHLPUVGHIQ3RE","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"06e92958103c37a5387fa44b6b14ec0d23a60e1973903457bb95a9b29394d340","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2024-04-30T07:07:45Z","title_canon_sha256":"ff9e0b9e63641af927e24ae6e64a2b2899ac5830520dd0908a3f2429a03b28e4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2404.19303","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2404.19303","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2404.19303v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2404.19303","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"E44CQEHLUX72","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"E44CQEHLUX72DLHL","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"E44CQEHL","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5618509d2662f90d3c1825b77330b898200df4a272408d1ed8573cb0519e92e0","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2404.19303/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Medicine and deep learning-based artificial intelligence (AI) engineering represent two distinct fields each with decades of published history. With such history comes a set of terminology that has a specific way in which it is applied. However, when two distinct fields with overlapping terminology start to collaborate, miscommunication and misunderstandings can occur. This narrative review aims to give historical context for these terms, accentuate the importance of clarity when these terms are used in medical AI contexts, and offer solutions to mitigate misunderstandings by readers from eith","authors_text":"Akifumi Hagiwara, Daiju Ueda, Hiroshi Seki, Hirotaka Takita, Rintaro Ito, Shannon L. Walston, Shingo Sato, Shouhei Hanaoka, Yasuhito Mitsuyama, Yukio Miki","cross_cats":["cs.CV"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2024-04-30T07:07:45Z","title":"Data Set Terminology of Deep Learning in Medicine: A Historical Review and Recommendation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2404.19303","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:838206afac82583ad65ebea8fd7dd00f65004caa5eb82405f21ad618240d6ac7","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"06e92958103c37a5387fa44b6b14ec0d23a60e1973903457bb95a9b29394d340","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CV"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2024-04-30T07:07:45Z","title_canon_sha256":"ff9e0b9e63641af927e24ae6e64a2b2899ac5830520dd0908a3f2429a03b28e4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2404.19303","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"27382810eba5ffa1aceb7d2a63a21b89378e13ab273fac710f31c5a8a35a83d8","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"27382810eba5ffa1aceb7d2a63a21b89378e13ab273fac710f31c5a8a35a83d8","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39.447417Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39.447417Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Ci8irGApAqFAnzV99SHEZn1cEk9z1MBTyYxIxwe/yTqXuXzSOYuspYxAewMRXyFoaN3U6Pcj9sOKqcO4Mz6KAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T08:33:39.447869Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2404.19303","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:838206afac82583ad65ebea8fd7dd00f65004caa5eb82405f21ad618240d6ac7","sha256:5618509d2662f90d3c1825b77330b898200df4a272408d1ed8573cb0519e92e0"],"state_sha256":"5c4849895b203ade0d7c6f880a373d42884c2bccc12c7cbd5495cd945c562e43"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"HmFXCn79goUWIw5uwqh+v2BgA0zbqqzllpRwix+cypOGjPXNEp97T+JrnkApppP8uWnhwIQqd8zZGOkiWpj9AA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T02:34:08.514917Z","bundle_sha256":"30c5de14d395f7afb9e69bec5403200871a6c353434afe3e112baf5ba656fd5c"}}