{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2009:E4ZVFECWQ74C32D4HSKTFIWTBE","short_pith_number":"pith:E4ZVFECW","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"273352905687f82de87c3c9532a2d3093c8fcacb96d1c80652d8842442ef75a1","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"0905.3463","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"The sensitivity of linear regression coefficients' confidence limits to the omission of a confounder","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["stat.AP"],"primary_cat":"stat.ME","authors_text":"Ben B. Hansen, Carrie A. Hosman, Paul W. Holland","submitted_at":"2009-05-21T09:36:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"Omitted variable bias can affect treatment effect estimates obtained from observational data due to the lack of random assignment to treatment groups. Sensitivity analyses adjust these estimates to quantify the impact of potential omitted variables. This paper presents methods of sensitivity analysis to adjust interval estimates of treatment effect---both the point estimate and standard error---obtained using multiple linear regression. Central to our approach is what we term benchmarking, the use of data to establish reference points for speculation about omitted confounders. The method adapt"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0905.3463","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2009-05-21T09:36:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.AP"],"title_canon_sha256":"3ad5915c4a36a0c8e1586511b9c7c70ce6d705806276e53aebbded816d755620","abstract_canon_sha256":"5d1aee922367770407d7c1bb3cd27e4597a680ef945a9f0298f158439c6d3a5d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:49.360633Z","signature_b64":"lkiJ2FJ3mc6aeXbkNMuZY2H/U+WV+ifxTt73ABCw4YjkaN0rIlff6r+uU6YVDSE+/oHQYPXQh+QR/2DUQFIPAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"273352905687f82de87c3c9532a2d3093c8fcacb96d1c80652d8842442ef75a1","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:49.360164Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:49.360164Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The sensitivity of linear regression coefficients' confidence limits to the omission of a confounder","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["stat.AP"],"primary_cat":"stat.ME","authors_text":"Ben B. Hansen, Carrie A. Hosman, Paul W. Holland","submitted_at":"2009-05-21T09:36:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"Omitted variable bias can affect treatment effect estimates obtained from observational data due to the lack of random assignment to treatment groups. Sensitivity analyses adjust these estimates to quantify the impact of potential omitted variables. This paper presents methods of sensitivity analysis to adjust interval estimates of treatment effect---both the point estimate and standard error---obtained using multiple linear regression. Central to our approach is what we term benchmarking, the use of data to establish reference points for speculation about omitted confounders. The method adapt"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0905.3463","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0905.3463","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:49.360230+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0905.3463v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:49.360230+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0905.3463","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:49.360230+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"E4ZVFECWQ74C","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:59.703012+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"E4ZVFECWQ74C32D4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:59.703012+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"E4ZVFECW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:59.703012+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/E4ZVFECWQ74C32D4HSKTFIWTBE","json":"https://pith.science/pith/E4ZVFECWQ74C32D4HSKTFIWTBE.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/E4ZVFECWQ74C32D4HSKTFIWTBE/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/E4ZVFECWQ74C32D4HSKTFIWTBE/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/E4ZVFECW"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/E4ZVFECWQ74C32D4HSKTFIWTBE","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/E4ZVFECWQ74C32D4HSKTFIWTBE.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/E4ZVFECW","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=0905.3463&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/E4ZVFECWQ74C32D4HSKTFIWTBE/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/E4ZVFECWQ74C32D4HSKTFIWTBE/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/E4ZVFECWQ74C32D4HSKTFIWTBE/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/E4ZVFECWQ74C32D4HSKTFIWTBE/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/E4ZVFECWQ74C32D4HSKTFIWTBE/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/E4ZVFECWQ74C32D4HSKTFIWTBE/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/E4ZVFECWQ74C32D4HSKTFIWTBE/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:49.360230+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T04:36:49.360230+00:00"}