{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2026:EAIVDTL3TZ67XIRIRI42BOGPWP","short_pith_number":"pith:EAIVDTL3","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"201151cd7b9e7dfba2288a39a0b8cfb3dca443976de657d865df070d7eec7b0c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2603.06029","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"When Specifications Meet Reality: Uncovering API Inconsistencies in Ethereum Infrastructure","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"Specification-guided testing with language model filtering uncovers 72 API bugs across Ethereum clients.","cross_cats":["cs.CR"],"primary_cat":"cs.SE","authors_text":"Chiachih Wu, Haoyu Wang, Jie Ma, Jinwen Xi, Jiushenzi Luo, Liangxin Liu, Mingzhe Xing, Ningyu He, Xiaopeng Fu, Ying Gao, Yinliang Yue","submitted_at":"2026-03-06T08:28:44Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Ethereum ecosystem, which secures over $381 billion in assets, fundamentally relies on client APIs as the sole interface between users and the blockchain. However, these critical APIs suffer from widespread implementation inconsistencies, which can lead to financial discrepancies, degraded user experiences, and threats to network reliability. Despite this criticality, existing testing approaches remain manual and incomplete: they require extensive domain expertise, struggle to keep pace with Ethereum's rapid evolution, and fail to distinguish genuine bugs from acceptable implementation var"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":true,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2603.06029","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2026-03-06T08:28:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CR"],"title_canon_sha256":"bcebab23d140e26e36d3437d62e51bb02c5a5ed85d00734ccbe1cfbc316a13ad","abstract_canon_sha256":"ed486c753ced601e2c4ade1cb646acb311fbe59280cb32b99143254ae5bfa88c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:39:15.850372Z","signature_b64":"KBJcPDqWHI0b78g1kmN5q7y/X2loQmGFNmJPfUXvOCXV4Mtz1nYB/MaM8sjl9sr/7Gr1eCvTGMklRnZkvLQpCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"201151cd7b9e7dfba2288a39a0b8cfb3dca443976de657d865df070d7eec7b0c","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:39:15.849565Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:39:15.849565Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"When Specifications Meet Reality: Uncovering API Inconsistencies in Ethereum Infrastructure","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"Specification-guided testing with language model filtering uncovers 72 API bugs across Ethereum clients.","cross_cats":["cs.CR"],"primary_cat":"cs.SE","authors_text":"Chiachih Wu, Haoyu Wang, Jie Ma, Jinwen Xi, Jiushenzi Luo, Liangxin Liu, Mingzhe Xing, Ningyu He, Xiaopeng Fu, Ying Gao, Yinliang Yue","submitted_at":"2026-03-06T08:28:44Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Ethereum ecosystem, which secures over $381 billion in assets, fundamentally relies on client APIs as the sole interface between users and the blockchain. However, these critical APIs suffer from widespread implementation inconsistencies, which can lead to financial discrepancies, degraded user experiences, and threats to network reliability. Despite this criticality, existing testing approaches remain manual and incomplete: they require extensive domain expertise, struggle to keep pace with Ethereum's rapid evolution, and fail to distinguish genuine bugs from acceptable implementation var"},"claims":{"count":4,"items":[{"kind":"strongest_claim","text":"APIDiffer uncovered 72 bugs, with 90.28% already confirmed or fixed by developers. It achieves up to 89.67% higher code coverage than existing tools and reduces false positive rates by 37.38%.","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C1","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"weakest_assumption","text":"That the LLM-based false positive filtering reliably distinguishes genuine bugs from acceptable implementation variations without introducing new errors or missing real issues.","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C2","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"one_line_summary","text":"APIDiffer automatically detects 72 API inconsistencies across 11 Ethereum clients using specification-guided test generation and LLM-based false-positive filtering, with 90% of bugs confirmed by developers.","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C3","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"headline","text":"Specification-guided testing with language model filtering uncovers 72 API bugs across Ethereum clients.","source":"verdict.pith_extraction.headline","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C4","attestation":"unclaimed"}],"snapshot_sha256":"c7766638f9cb0979bc77bb5017b082a346151309e42c3ec94d5820db4377bd75"},"source":{"id":"2603.06029","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":"f42160ef-1269-4cd6-b458-a76479ff829e","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"created_at":"2026-05-15T15:40:55.611516Z","strongest_claim":"APIDiffer uncovered 72 bugs, with 90.28% already confirmed or fixed by developers. It achieves up to 89.67% higher code coverage than existing tools and reduces false positive rates by 37.38%.","one_line_summary":"APIDiffer automatically detects 72 API inconsistencies across 11 Ethereum clients using specification-guided test generation and LLM-based false-positive filtering, with 90% of bugs confirmed by developers.","pipeline_version":"pith-pipeline@v0.9.0","weakest_assumption":"That the LLM-based false positive filtering reliably distinguishes genuine bugs from acceptable implementation variations without introducing new errors or missing real issues.","pith_extraction_headline":"Specification-guided testing with language model filtering uncovers 72 API bugs across Ethereum clients."},"references":{"count":142,"sample":[{"doi":"","year":2025,"title":"2025.Client Diversity | Ethereum","work_id":"700dde43-30f7-4bc9-a849-b2b3e9ec58e5","ref_index":1,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"10.1109/icst.2018.00046","year":2018,"title":"Andrea Arcuri. 2018. EvoMaster: Evolutionary Multi-context Automated System Test Generation. In2018 IEEE 11th International Conference on Software Testing, Verification and Validation (ICST). 394–397.","work_id":"6f1ef27c-6410-452d-858c-dfecc500bd3a","ref_index":2,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"10.1007/s10515-024-00478-1","year":2024,"title":"Andrea Arcuri, Man Zhang, Susruthan Seran, Juan Pablo Galeotti, Amid Golmohammadi, Onur Duman, Agustina Aldasoro, and Hernan Ghianni. 2024. Tool report: EvoMaster—black and white box search-based fuzz","work_id":"e68dbae7-fee0-4a76-8421-3fd28e84dbef","ref_index":3,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2019,"title":"Vaggelis Atlidakis, Patrice Godefroid, and Marina Polishchuk. 2019. Restler: Stateful rest api fuzzing. In2019 IEEE/ACM 41st International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE). IEEE, 748–758","work_id":"0e873c9d-0df1-4c0d-a9c5-c14559725e82","ref_index":4,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false},{"doi":"","year":2025,"title":"Attestant. 2025.Vouch. Retrieved 2025-01-28 from https://github.com/attestantio","work_id":"991ac6ef-3205-4065-b5b7-23fb151bbbd7","ref_index":5,"cited_arxiv_id":"","is_internal_anchor":false}],"resolved_work":142,"snapshot_sha256":"a2e3a1e49a0d416ef6ca225f3d27edd8f95c3379efaa7ee064afd6decec6f46d","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2603.06029","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:39:15.849704+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2603.06029v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:39:15.849704+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2603.06029","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:39:15.849704+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EAIVDTL3TZ67","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:37.589309+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EAIVDTL3TZ67XIRI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:37.589309+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EAIVDTL3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:37.589309+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/EAIVDTL3TZ67XIRIRI42BOGPWP","json":"https://pith.science/pith/EAIVDTL3TZ67XIRIRI42BOGPWP.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/EAIVDTL3TZ67XIRIRI42BOGPWP/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/EAIVDTL3TZ67XIRIRI42BOGPWP/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/EAIVDTL3"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/EAIVDTL3TZ67XIRIRI42BOGPWP","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/EAIVDTL3TZ67XIRIRI42BOGPWP.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/EAIVDTL3","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2603.06029&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/EAIVDTL3TZ67XIRIRI42BOGPWP/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/EAIVDTL3TZ67XIRIRI42BOGPWP/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/EAIVDTL3TZ67XIRIRI42BOGPWP/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/EAIVDTL3TZ67XIRIRI42BOGPWP/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/EAIVDTL3TZ67XIRIRI42BOGPWP/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/EAIVDTL3TZ67XIRIRI42BOGPWP/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/EAIVDTL3TZ67XIRIRI42BOGPWP/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:39:15.849704+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-17T23:39:15.849704+00:00"}