{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2023:EAMCUTWQUHLY2FAYJRPA2NJRCQ","short_pith_number":"pith:EAMCUTWQ","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"20182a4ed0a1d78d14184c5e0d353114070a31269ae381b1f64b075cd14f214c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2302.09094","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Measurement-induced entanglement transitions in quantum circuits of non-interacting fermions: Born-rule versus forced measurements","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.dis-nn","cond-mat.str-el","quant-ph"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","authors_text":"Andreas W. W. Ludwig, Bela Bauer, Chao-Ming Jian, Hassan Shapourian","submitted_at":"2023-02-17T19:00:11Z","abstract_excerpt":"We address entanglement transitions in monitored random quantum circuits of non-interacting fermions, in particular, the question of whether Born-rule and forced measurements yield the same universality class. For a generic circuit with no symmetry other than fermion parity, acting on a one-dimensional Majorana chain, we numerically obtain several critical exponents, providing clear evidence that the two transitions with Born-rule and forced measurements are in different universality classes. We provide a theoretical understanding for our numerical results by identifying the underlying statist"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2302.09094","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","submitted_at":"2023-02-17T19:00:11Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.dis-nn","cond-mat.str-el","quant-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"5547cc4ad8c82d08aab90480f5769ef38f0b84e490c2865ea59ab2f503308553","abstract_canon_sha256":"d5cca0df01e6c25681f032da5fb52490e7688c2d9d73de9c0723df4cb7c9cc49"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:43:21.234764Z","signature_b64":"ihJC2vdQO1dcO4KcJNbZPTRnTCAK0lcaNHIYPwxtOD0zTuzX6eg5iAd5P6y+/XR+Tks90UrjjLBS9bL6ObiVBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"20182a4ed0a1d78d14184c5e0d353114070a31269ae381b1f64b075cd14f214c","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:43:21.234430Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:43:21.234430Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Measurement-induced entanglement transitions in quantum circuits of non-interacting fermions: Born-rule versus forced measurements","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.dis-nn","cond-mat.str-el","quant-ph"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.stat-mech","authors_text":"Andreas W. W. Ludwig, Bela Bauer, Chao-Ming Jian, Hassan Shapourian","submitted_at":"2023-02-17T19:00:11Z","abstract_excerpt":"We address entanglement transitions in monitored random quantum circuits of non-interacting fermions, in particular, the question of whether Born-rule and forced measurements yield the same universality class. For a generic circuit with no symmetry other than fermion parity, acting on a one-dimensional Majorana chain, we numerically obtain several critical exponents, providing clear evidence that the two transitions with Born-rule and forced measurements are in different universality classes. We provide a theoretical understanding for our numerical results by identifying the underlying statist"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2302.09094","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2302.09094/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2302.09094","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:43:21.234484+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2302.09094v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:43:21.234484+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2302.09094","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:43:21.234484+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EAMCUTWQUHLY","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:43:21.234484+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EAMCUTWQUHLY2FAY","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:43:21.234484+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EAMCUTWQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:43:21.234484+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":19,"internal_anchor_count":3,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2607.06683","citing_title":"Universal purification dynamics of monitored Clifford circuits","ref_index":39,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2607.07835","citing_title":"Super-Logarithmic Entanglement Scaling in a Monitored Superconducting Chain","ref_index":5,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2607.08589","citing_title":"Universality of Measurement-Induced Criticality under Symmetry-Breaking Measurements","ref_index":45,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2606.17140","citing_title":"Projected logical ensembles in surface codes via the random-matrix theory of quantum dots","ref_index":128,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2606.09306","citing_title":"Range-controlled entanglement in Lindbladian skin states of monitored fermions","ref_index":56,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2507.13437","citing_title":"Free-Fermion Dynamics with Measurements: Topological Classification and Adaptive Preparation of Topological States","ref_index":34,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2411.05785","citing_title":"Phases of decodability in the surface code with unitary errors","ref_index":41,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2501.17606","citing_title":"Disappearance of measurement-induced phase transition in a quantum spin system for large sizes","ref_index":38,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2502.09401","citing_title":"Entanglement behavior and localization properties in monitored fermion systems","ref_index":56,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.10758","citing_title":"No measurement induced phase transition in the entanglement dynamics of monitored non-interacting one-dimensional fermions in a disordered or quasiperiodic potential","ref_index":42,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2508.18468","citing_title":"Entanglement dynamics of monitored noninteracting fermions on graphics processing units","ref_index":44,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2509.14329","citing_title":"Generation of Volume-Law Entanglement by Local-Measurement-Only Quantum Dynamics","ref_index":88,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2510.19459","citing_title":"Absence of measurement- and unraveling-induced entanglement transitions in continuously monitored one-dimensional free fermions","ref_index":32,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2603.25665","citing_title":"Non-linear Sigma Model for the Surface Code with Coherent Errors","ref_index":61,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.10758","citing_title":"No measurement induced phase transition in the entanglement dynamics of monitored non-interacting one-dimensional fermions in a disordered or quasiperiodic potential","ref_index":41,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.05306","citing_title":"Measurement-induced phase transitions in disordered fermions","ref_index":62,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.06324","citing_title":"Higher Nishimori Criticality and Exact Results at the Learning Transition of Deformed Toric Codes","ref_index":92,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.04375","citing_title":"Measurement-enhanced entanglement in a monitored superconducting chain","ref_index":2,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2604.08650","citing_title":"Decoding coherent errors in toric codes on honeycomb and square lattices: duality to Majorana monitored dynamics and symmetry classes","ref_index":26,"is_internal_anchor":false}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/EAMCUTWQUHLY2FAYJRPA2NJRCQ","json":"https://pith.science/pith/EAMCUTWQUHLY2FAYJRPA2NJRCQ.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/EAMCUTWQUHLY2FAYJRPA2NJRCQ/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/EAMCUTWQUHLY2FAYJRPA2NJRCQ/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/EAMCUTWQ"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/EAMCUTWQUHLY2FAYJRPA2NJRCQ","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/EAMCUTWQUHLY2FAYJRPA2NJRCQ.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/EAMCUTWQ","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2302.09094&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/EAMCUTWQUHLY2FAYJRPA2NJRCQ/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/EAMCUTWQUHLY2FAYJRPA2NJRCQ/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/EAMCUTWQUHLY2FAYJRPA2NJRCQ/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/EAMCUTWQUHLY2FAYJRPA2NJRCQ/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/EAMCUTWQUHLY2FAYJRPA2NJRCQ/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/EAMCUTWQUHLY2FAYJRPA2NJRCQ/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/EAMCUTWQUHLY2FAYJRPA2NJRCQ/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:43:21.234484+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T05:43:21.234484+00:00"}