{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:ECHLUTGXXBGFD64YPDO4ND4GN6","short_pith_number":"pith:ECHLUTGX","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1505.01841","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2015-05-07T20:00:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3b4ff9eb4801f812a1ccd93fcbad89907e440a167f21b5519ddf015e0c33201f","abstract_canon_sha256":"84e12d08d88a36a5f6c7787f87fa96ed4772d14ae50abfd01b7a68a7ca9f4bc7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"208eba4cd7b84c51fb9878ddc68f866f98ee09abcaf544d6ce229db70852d22d","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1505.01841","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1505.01841","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1505.01841v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1505.01841","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ECHLUTGXXBGF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ECHLUTGXXBGFD64Y","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ECHLUTGX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:19Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:ECHLUTGXXBGFD64YPDO4ND4GN6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1505.01841","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2015-05-07T20:00:27Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3b4ff9eb4801f812a1ccd93fcbad89907e440a167f21b5519ddf015e0c33201f","abstract_canon_sha256":"84e12d08d88a36a5f6c7787f87fa96ed4772d14ae50abfd01b7a68a7ca9f4bc7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"208eba4cd7b84c51fb9878ddc68f866f98ee09abcaf544d6ce229db70852d22d","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:56.340092Z","signature_b64":"SRREzPZwOu54gYoGt4BwKHS+SYHA5xNfQyi7AwyAmNWJOVG14YTyJ+AHZIbZRhURIkpA9sG2KHkjVFrPQNciDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"208eba4cd7b84c51fb9878ddc68f866f98ee09abcaf544d6ce229db70852d22d","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:56.339460Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:56.339460Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1505.01841","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"a+RkMsQ/tO/mKTE5BxCPJOFG42bw6XeONLwAHSUMsXuAIiRkVV4p00auxkYJ5wg+7Qf2708JkUgRwRIoWYFmDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T04:50:04.621286Z"},"content_sha256":"4f38999ac59ac0c1ee383a77b1e8bf4e45f19efeeb6f4e6f7e36b6bc6f97a54d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4f38999ac59ac0c1ee383a77b1e8bf4e45f19efeeb6f4e6f7e36b6bc6f97a54d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:ECHLUTGXXBGFD64YPDO4ND4GN6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The dust mass in z > 6 normal star forming galaxies","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Benedetta Ciardi, Leslie K. Hunt, Luca Graziani, Mattia Mancini, Pratika Dayal, Raffaella Schneider, Rosa Valiante, Umberto Maio","submitted_at":"2015-05-07T20:00:27Z","abstract_excerpt":"We interpret recent ALMA observations of z > 6 normal star forming galaxies by means of a semi-numerical method, which couples the output of a cosmological hydrodynamical simulation with a chemical evolution model which accounts for the contribution to dust enrichment from supernovae, asymptotic giant branch stars and grain growth in the interstellar medium. We find that while stellar sources dominate the dust mass of small galaxies, the higher level of metal enrichment experienced by galaxies with Mstar > 10^9 Msun allows efficient grain growth, which provides the dominant contribution to the"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1505.01841","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"yzIvZ2J+zbM1RC4Q0Z0kIVwK3LPZrIv7a1njqbVWEi+4+y4JMhdunVHFFGUF8yvTrDYcnwX9v+FlhyM854jZDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T04:50:04.621886Z"},"content_sha256":"cfb9415ab65a0b639b7bf684b2e77e5efd387db4c03989e1df13ea4a43d10a91","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cfb9415ab65a0b639b7bf684b2e77e5efd387db4c03989e1df13ea4a43d10a91"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ECHLUTGXXBGFD64YPDO4ND4GN6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ECHLUTGXXBGFD64YPDO4ND4GN6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ECHLUTGXXBGFD64YPDO4ND4GN6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-03T04:50:04Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ECHLUTGXXBGFD64YPDO4ND4GN6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ECHLUTGXXBGFD64YPDO4ND4GN6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ECHLUTGXXBGFD64YPDO4ND4GN6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ECHLUTGXXBGFD64YPDO4ND4GN6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:ECHLUTGXXBGFD64YPDO4ND4GN6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"84e12d08d88a36a5f6c7787f87fa96ed4772d14ae50abfd01b7a68a7ca9f4bc7","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2015-05-07T20:00:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"3b4ff9eb4801f812a1ccd93fcbad89907e440a167f21b5519ddf015e0c33201f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1505.01841","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1505.01841","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1505.01841v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1505.01841","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ECHLUTGXXBGF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ECHLUTGXXBGFD64Y","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ECHLUTGX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:19Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:cfb9415ab65a0b639b7bf684b2e77e5efd387db4c03989e1df13ea4a43d10a91","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We interpret recent ALMA observations of z > 6 normal star forming galaxies by means of a semi-numerical method, which couples the output of a cosmological hydrodynamical simulation with a chemical evolution model which accounts for the contribution to dust enrichment from supernovae, asymptotic giant branch stars and grain growth in the interstellar medium. We find that while stellar sources dominate the dust mass of small galaxies, the higher level of metal enrichment experienced by galaxies with Mstar > 10^9 Msun allows efficient grain growth, which provides the dominant contribution to the","authors_text":"Benedetta Ciardi, Leslie K. Hunt, Luca Graziani, Mattia Mancini, Pratika Dayal, Raffaella Schneider, Rosa Valiante, Umberto Maio","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2015-05-07T20:00:27Z","title":"The dust mass in z > 6 normal star forming galaxies"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1505.01841","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4f38999ac59ac0c1ee383a77b1e8bf4e45f19efeeb6f4e6f7e36b6bc6f97a54d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"84e12d08d88a36a5f6c7787f87fa96ed4772d14ae50abfd01b7a68a7ca9f4bc7","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2015-05-07T20:00:27Z","title_canon_sha256":"3b4ff9eb4801f812a1ccd93fcbad89907e440a167f21b5519ddf015e0c33201f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1505.01841","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"208eba4cd7b84c51fb9878ddc68f866f98ee09abcaf544d6ce229db70852d22d","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"208eba4cd7b84c51fb9878ddc68f866f98ee09abcaf544d6ce229db70852d22d","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:56.339460Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:56.339460Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"SRREzPZwOu54gYoGt4BwKHS+SYHA5xNfQyi7AwyAmNWJOVG14YTyJ+AHZIbZRhURIkpA9sG2KHkjVFrPQNciDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:56:56.340092Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1505.01841","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4f38999ac59ac0c1ee383a77b1e8bf4e45f19efeeb6f4e6f7e36b6bc6f97a54d","sha256:cfb9415ab65a0b639b7bf684b2e77e5efd387db4c03989e1df13ea4a43d10a91"],"state_sha256":"e80643f31fb88b30771fa6ce32db9825f62b5db78bb430d366a4f35981a769d9"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"A0zs9YmNjnP4YJ+uf29GdNn2ikOVwxmK6YErVMEnzoiycwqnzgi8DciQK2YhWhWeFTJPv9NvwiU8rElZvGgSAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T04:50:04.623955Z","bundle_sha256":"f8eba8d7d3a8f8ba1859e131c1182c0c3dc339cec224ae5ed1ca3527a08fee35"}}