{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:ECOOS2WWDQKGPZPAV526TA3FK3","short_pith_number":"pith:ECOOS2WW","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1901.08975","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"nlin.PS","submitted_at":"2019-01-25T16:43:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"1a601b5e9e312b578932084ab07170217972949a666765648db70ff7538ed102","abstract_canon_sha256":"57cf4a2cac97ce8a79137f5228971f56c41e18140777f29b18cfaaecd0192d35"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"209ce96ad61c1467e5e0af75e9836556c6d36f687fb754bd73c115b7c4ec0ece","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1901.08975","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1901.08975","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1901.08975v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1901.08975","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ECOOS2WWDQKG","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ECOOS2WWDQKGPZPA","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ECOOS2WW","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:ECOOS2WWDQKGPZPAV526TA3FK3","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1901.08975","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"nlin.PS","submitted_at":"2019-01-25T16:43:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"1a601b5e9e312b578932084ab07170217972949a666765648db70ff7538ed102","abstract_canon_sha256":"57cf4a2cac97ce8a79137f5228971f56c41e18140777f29b18cfaaecd0192d35"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"209ce96ad61c1467e5e0af75e9836556c6d36f687fb754bd73c115b7c4ec0ece","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02.186539Z","signature_b64":"IxMxLbeg1/U1rHpFv1cUgi4I0M9+9Kx70VP/szWgEG4mnwHgs5zqi4XCpFdgCXjCWYzNIhrgVGxKAfs856B5Bw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"209ce96ad61c1467e5e0af75e9836556c6d36f687fb754bd73c115b7c4ec0ece","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02.186079Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02.186079Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1901.08975","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"MBUayimmAHOu1zw5XvVj/aniLQpg+LpcxrsNilCBmQy0+tH4+12el891eoAG5Iwk1i5mFyV7mcabS30IUgMVDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-10T18:26:45.426836Z"},"content_sha256":"9e30764c4d0fc583a1d98fb711469ec217e76e88f6b7c0bd59fa5278246c1b4d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9e30764c4d0fc583a1d98fb711469ec217e76e88f6b7c0bd59fa5278246c1b4d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:ECOOS2WWDQKGPZPAV526TA3FK3","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Modulation Instability of Discrete Angular Momentum in Coupled Fiber Rings","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"nlin.PS","authors_text":"Calum Maitland, Daniele Faccio, Fabio Biancalana","submitted_at":"2019-01-25T16:43:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present an analysis of temporal modulation instability in a ring array of coupled optical fibers. Continuous-wave signals are shown to be unstable to perturbations carrying discrete angular momenta, both for normal and anomalous group velocity dispersion. We find the frequency spectrum of modulation instability is different for each perturbation angular momentum and depends strongly on the coupling strength between fibers in the ring. Twisting the ring array also allows the frequency spectra to be tuned through the induced tunnelling Peierls phase."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1901.08975","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1901.08975/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"TF21CglEBp5GO+km1tdB4U7Lr2irHn3owOwDp/3I8J4tpz+dERgCgSb/sNI/+J/mWvfaPVWCdrGWTf1W2ZFmBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-10T18:26:45.427497Z"},"content_sha256":"32925d296f7012dd19d5de3b4d6b31cf09d9d63ba90a0757f379fceac6940f3d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:32925d296f7012dd19d5de3b4d6b31cf09d9d63ba90a0757f379fceac6940f3d"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ECOOS2WWDQKGPZPAV526TA3FK3/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ECOOS2WWDQKGPZPAV526TA3FK3/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ECOOS2WWDQKGPZPAV526TA3FK3/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-10T18:26:45Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ECOOS2WWDQKGPZPAV526TA3FK3","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ECOOS2WWDQKGPZPAV526TA3FK3/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ECOOS2WWDQKGPZPAV526TA3FK3/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ECOOS2WWDQKGPZPAV526TA3FK3/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:ECOOS2WWDQKGPZPAV526TA3FK3","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"57cf4a2cac97ce8a79137f5228971f56c41e18140777f29b18cfaaecd0192d35","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"nlin.PS","submitted_at":"2019-01-25T16:43:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"1a601b5e9e312b578932084ab07170217972949a666765648db70ff7538ed102"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1901.08975","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1901.08975","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1901.08975v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1901.08975","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ECOOS2WWDQKG","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ECOOS2WWDQKGPZPA","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ECOOS2WW","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:32925d296f7012dd19d5de3b4d6b31cf09d9d63ba90a0757f379fceac6940f3d","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1901.08975/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present an analysis of temporal modulation instability in a ring array of coupled optical fibers. Continuous-wave signals are shown to be unstable to perturbations carrying discrete angular momenta, both for normal and anomalous group velocity dispersion. We find the frequency spectrum of modulation instability is different for each perturbation angular momentum and depends strongly on the coupling strength between fibers in the ring. Twisting the ring array also allows the frequency spectra to be tuned through the induced tunnelling Peierls phase.","authors_text":"Calum Maitland, Daniele Faccio, Fabio Biancalana","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"nlin.PS","submitted_at":"2019-01-25T16:43:56Z","title":"Modulation Instability of Discrete Angular Momentum in Coupled Fiber Rings"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1901.08975","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:9e30764c4d0fc583a1d98fb711469ec217e76e88f6b7c0bd59fa5278246c1b4d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"57cf4a2cac97ce8a79137f5228971f56c41e18140777f29b18cfaaecd0192d35","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"nlin.PS","submitted_at":"2019-01-25T16:43:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"1a601b5e9e312b578932084ab07170217972949a666765648db70ff7538ed102"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1901.08975","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"209ce96ad61c1467e5e0af75e9836556c6d36f687fb754bd73c115b7c4ec0ece","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"209ce96ad61c1467e5e0af75e9836556c6d36f687fb754bd73c115b7c4ec0ece","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02.186079Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02.186079Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"IxMxLbeg1/U1rHpFv1cUgi4I0M9+9Kx70VP/szWgEG4mnwHgs5zqi4XCpFdgCXjCWYzNIhrgVGxKAfs856B5Bw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:00:02.186539Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1901.08975","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:9e30764c4d0fc583a1d98fb711469ec217e76e88f6b7c0bd59fa5278246c1b4d","sha256:32925d296f7012dd19d5de3b4d6b31cf09d9d63ba90a0757f379fceac6940f3d"],"state_sha256":"5f9637125c4895776328acb8de48bdfe576dded709054fbe39732dabd1b5d8aa"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kVgJi+JQ2ZvjLKZSOhko5M5Pbn5R4WBYDB6XImuiYzDlHpHoomSGQnYhtqezhW16+dXZUaq0hS6PRZHIrJUcBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-10T18:26:45.430638Z","bundle_sha256":"e48f8e0315f650b28482c2c8d946b5161184bd08168c8ccad95ba5efdd5d465c"}}