{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:EDSLI7DEG75BGTZAHE2Q2NAZWI","short_pith_number":"pith:EDSLI7DE","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2310.20468","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.RO","submitted_at":"2023-10-31T14:00:08Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"5638db9b103aaa22eddea62a22084c746aae728f528e97ba5359ee107c45dfea","abstract_canon_sha256":"c258cf7a92a7635f3a36f02773ddfcdc0bb7d78138c5ff7aae8174b937d3512a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"20e4b47c6437fa134f2039350d3419b22096d8c781808e6900672b23669b2dad","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2310.20468","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2310.20468","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2310.20468v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2310.20468","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EDSLI7DEG75B","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EDSLI7DEG75BGTZA","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EDSLI7DE","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:EDSLI7DEG75BGTZAHE2Q2NAZWI","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2310.20468","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.RO","submitted_at":"2023-10-31T14:00:08Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"5638db9b103aaa22eddea62a22084c746aae728f528e97ba5359ee107c45dfea","abstract_canon_sha256":"c258cf7a92a7635f3a36f02773ddfcdc0bb7d78138c5ff7aae8174b937d3512a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"20e4b47c6437fa134f2039350d3419b22096d8c781808e6900672b23669b2dad","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30.654546Z","signature_b64":"bpHX4CREouVAE54psSMMGb06sZnd/M4oqdyoxtsu8RWGDmCoRQq4kTgOgTdtHkd0/3nwLI1die8RCcywCI1OCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"20e4b47c6437fa134f2039350d3419b22096d8c781808e6900672b23669b2dad","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30.653985Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30.653985Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2310.20468","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"h0mhgPeel+VLfoeOz87hU1G85WlWrpBbT9vuM3p6fZXE6S9BA5iPUSa/Q3kWVqnzb2j0UMnG+aIYjBxwkSLICQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T17:05:53.664961Z"},"content_sha256":"80b5295b4b79bd61741e4a9405f5103c35dca782a9f958db600b637b6b9a1c4c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:80b5295b4b79bd61741e4a9405f5103c35dca782a9f958db600b637b6b9a1c4c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:EDSLI7DEG75BGTZAHE2Q2NAZWI","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"An Introduction to Causal Inference Methods for Observational Human-Robot Interaction Research","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.RO","authors_text":"Chien-Ming Huang, Gopika Ajaykumar, Ilya Shpitser, Jaron J. R. Lee","submitted_at":"2023-10-31T14:00:08Z","abstract_excerpt":"Quantitative methods in Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) research have primarily relied upon randomized, controlled experiments in laboratory settings. However, such experiments are not always feasible when external validity, ethical constraints, and ease of data collection are of concern. Furthermore, as consumer robots become increasingly available, increasing amounts of real-world data will be available to HRI researchers, which prompts the need for quantative approaches tailored to the analysis of observational data. In this article, we present an alternate approach towards quantitative resea"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2310.20468","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2310.20468/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"xKx92st5Uz2KN2GQk9cL+m8RkxXhDn99OgIslnp56Q5q/YAwlU1+z8qsWvaRRDBr+8KsDbShKfJvQ2+5GjNzCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T17:05:53.665827Z"},"content_sha256":"2684014189c6dadb91ea5d7f39c128e6bf9b059a6eea4b998d41b02d4842d7cf","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2684014189c6dadb91ea5d7f39c128e6bf9b059a6eea4b998d41b02d4842d7cf"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EDSLI7DEG75BGTZAHE2Q2NAZWI/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EDSLI7DEG75BGTZAHE2Q2NAZWI/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EDSLI7DEG75BGTZAHE2Q2NAZWI/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-04T17:05:53Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/EDSLI7DEG75BGTZAHE2Q2NAZWI","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/EDSLI7DEG75BGTZAHE2Q2NAZWI/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/EDSLI7DEG75BGTZAHE2Q2NAZWI/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EDSLI7DEG75BGTZAHE2Q2NAZWI/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:EDSLI7DEG75BGTZAHE2Q2NAZWI","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c258cf7a92a7635f3a36f02773ddfcdc0bb7d78138c5ff7aae8174b937d3512a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.RO","submitted_at":"2023-10-31T14:00:08Z","title_canon_sha256":"5638db9b103aaa22eddea62a22084c746aae728f528e97ba5359ee107c45dfea"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2310.20468","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2310.20468","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2310.20468v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2310.20468","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EDSLI7DEG75B","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EDSLI7DEG75BGTZA","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EDSLI7DE","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:2684014189c6dadb91ea5d7f39c128e6bf9b059a6eea4b998d41b02d4842d7cf","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2310.20468/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Quantitative methods in Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) research have primarily relied upon randomized, controlled experiments in laboratory settings. However, such experiments are not always feasible when external validity, ethical constraints, and ease of data collection are of concern. Furthermore, as consumer robots become increasingly available, increasing amounts of real-world data will be available to HRI researchers, which prompts the need for quantative approaches tailored to the analysis of observational data. In this article, we present an alternate approach towards quantitative resea","authors_text":"Chien-Ming Huang, Gopika Ajaykumar, Ilya Shpitser, Jaron J. R. Lee","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.RO","submitted_at":"2023-10-31T14:00:08Z","title":"An Introduction to Causal Inference Methods for Observational Human-Robot Interaction Research"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2310.20468","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:80b5295b4b79bd61741e4a9405f5103c35dca782a9f958db600b637b6b9a1c4c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c258cf7a92a7635f3a36f02773ddfcdc0bb7d78138c5ff7aae8174b937d3512a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.RO","submitted_at":"2023-10-31T14:00:08Z","title_canon_sha256":"5638db9b103aaa22eddea62a22084c746aae728f528e97ba5359ee107c45dfea"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2310.20468","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"20e4b47c6437fa134f2039350d3419b22096d8c781808e6900672b23669b2dad","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"20e4b47c6437fa134f2039350d3419b22096d8c781808e6900672b23669b2dad","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30.653985Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30.653985Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"bpHX4CREouVAE54psSMMGb06sZnd/M4oqdyoxtsu8RWGDmCoRQq4kTgOgTdtHkd0/3nwLI1die8RCcywCI1OCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:07:30.654546Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2310.20468","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:80b5295b4b79bd61741e4a9405f5103c35dca782a9f958db600b637b6b9a1c4c","sha256:2684014189c6dadb91ea5d7f39c128e6bf9b059a6eea4b998d41b02d4842d7cf"],"state_sha256":"0aeb018cd105936a79838619acf5e430713772e30da9955f2cf44e9beea099e7"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"+Jk9EZ/t4LZmVajTvOrwLfCWsn2m0+YGeHjCohk4DWDM1BTlZpndPusIEmzeSoi5RoUP838GnJwFRPwFZcqxBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T17:05:53.670712Z","bundle_sha256":"78d22fb64ed0c5270a2193138a0655ff8c6ca67b308420f9cfb879c5d26b053b"}}