{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2017:EEV5BQYOVX424WDU2OPWCABZDH","short_pith_number":"pith:EEV5BQYO","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"212bd0c30eadf9ae5874d39f61003919efcc033dd86be6b792d617a9f3699e8b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1701.00866","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Quenching Global Star Formation: Dominance of Gravitational Shock Heating at z<2","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Jia Liu, Renyue Cen (Princeton)","submitted_at":"2017-01-03T23:26:02Z","abstract_excerpt":"We systematically study, in the context of the standard cold dark matter model, star-formation suppression effects of two important known physical processes---photoheating due to reionization of the intergalactic medium and gravitational shock heating due to formation of massive halos and large-scale structure---on the global evolution of star formation rate (SFR) density and the so-called cosmic downsizing phenomenon in the redshift range z=0-6. We show that the steep decline of cosmic SFR density from z~2 to z=0 can be primarily explained by gravitational shock heating in two forms: massive "},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1701.00866","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-01-03T23:26:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"24cc15b1e837d11b5b103c12832a2dc6ee3beaf3a48851364b9eff3abf46a672","abstract_canon_sha256":"a22cf830bfef44e75de9858a426dfbffa497a73cdc14cdd89be85d2770e93e89"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:00.315478Z","signature_b64":"j7/ugomQ2KWvqYvjgog0e/BDP9CvGXgLZv1Vfvrb9EUwhYBnpDxOO0DbXCyU1w1Poe87/dikWAl8E0CSRIH/CA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"212bd0c30eadf9ae5874d39f61003919efcc033dd86be6b792d617a9f3699e8b","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:00.314666Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:00.314666Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Quenching Global Star Formation: Dominance of Gravitational Shock Heating at z<2","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Jia Liu, Renyue Cen (Princeton)","submitted_at":"2017-01-03T23:26:02Z","abstract_excerpt":"We systematically study, in the context of the standard cold dark matter model, star-formation suppression effects of two important known physical processes---photoheating due to reionization of the intergalactic medium and gravitational shock heating due to formation of massive halos and large-scale structure---on the global evolution of star formation rate (SFR) density and the so-called cosmic downsizing phenomenon in the redshift range z=0-6. We show that the steep decline of cosmic SFR density from z~2 to z=0 can be primarily explained by gravitational shock heating in two forms: massive "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1701.00866","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1701.00866","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:00.314796+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1701.00866v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:00.314796+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1701.00866","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:00.314796+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EEV5BQYOVX42","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:12.930513+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EEV5BQYOVX424WDU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:12.930513+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EEV5BQYO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:12.930513+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/EEV5BQYOVX424WDU2OPWCABZDH","json":"https://pith.science/pith/EEV5BQYOVX424WDU2OPWCABZDH.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/EEV5BQYOVX424WDU2OPWCABZDH/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/EEV5BQYOVX424WDU2OPWCABZDH/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/EEV5BQYO"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/EEV5BQYOVX424WDU2OPWCABZDH","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/EEV5BQYOVX424WDU2OPWCABZDH.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/EEV5BQYO","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1701.00866&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/EEV5BQYOVX424WDU2OPWCABZDH/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/EEV5BQYOVX424WDU2OPWCABZDH/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/EEV5BQYOVX424WDU2OPWCABZDH/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/EEV5BQYOVX424WDU2OPWCABZDH/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/EEV5BQYOVX424WDU2OPWCABZDH/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/EEV5BQYOVX424WDU2OPWCABZDH/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/EEV5BQYOVX424WDU2OPWCABZDH/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:00.314796+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T00:47:00.314796+00:00"}