{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:EHWXXIOFHA7LTBJMOA5GUBIP55","short_pith_number":"pith:EHWXXIOF","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1510.07338","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2015-10-26T00:40:43Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a8211bde9742932027aedc26b13bda87101423bf36569df9675452350d620108","abstract_canon_sha256":"8329dece9686e1eba3fe1f6bdb19da1c8498af2178768a0628df211b39ae3961"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"21ed7ba1c5383eb9852c703a6a050fef518265cd37ea4131cecbc797e7e196da","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1510.07338","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1510.07338","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:13:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1510.07338v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:13:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1510.07338","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:13:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EHWXXIOFHA7L","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EHWXXIOFHA7LTBJM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EHWXXIOF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:19Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:EHWXXIOFHA7LTBJMOA5GUBIP55","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1510.07338","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2015-10-26T00:40:43Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a8211bde9742932027aedc26b13bda87101423bf36569df9675452350d620108","abstract_canon_sha256":"8329dece9686e1eba3fe1f6bdb19da1c8498af2178768a0628df211b39ae3961"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"21ed7ba1c5383eb9852c703a6a050fef518265cd37ea4131cecbc797e7e196da","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:13:30.812963Z","signature_b64":"l7zDLa6/xt0h54ucHRRIXGWtxNysx1uq7bNT7V/SmJ8NUwWU3yccO3+dE973TuA+D52cB1QL2A1Q41zZ9aYvDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"21ed7ba1c5383eb9852c703a6a050fef518265cd37ea4131cecbc797e7e196da","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:13:30.812303Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:13:30.812303Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1510.07338","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:13:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Jf3niojToa1RdSbqIbaTcLYFOZh2sBOFt5+pI/Dn5uESy+NM6k+zaRbkrEI8/ZO9bF0rnJBfMoBHQOnpgJtQDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-07T16:43:43.260130Z"},"content_sha256":"0f4f35048128fd05438c9f15689b0c538dc83884c5c6d6111470c1ae18e911bb","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0f4f35048128fd05438c9f15689b0c538dc83884c5c6d6111470c1ae18e911bb"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:EHWXXIOFHA7LTBJMOA5GUBIP55","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Reviewer Integration and Performance Measurement for Malware Detection","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Alex Kantchelian, Anthony D. Joseph, Brad Miller, George Yiu, J. D. Tygar, Ling Huang, Michael Carl Tschantz, Rekha Bachwani, Riyaz Faizullabhoy, Sadia Afroz, Tony Wu, Vaishaal Shankar","submitted_at":"2015-10-26T00:40:43Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present and evaluate a large-scale malware detection system integrating machine learning with expert reviewers, treating reviewers as a limited labeling resource. We demonstrate that even in small numbers, reviewers can vastly improve the system's ability to keep pace with evolving threats. We conduct our evaluation on a sample of VirusTotal submissions spanning 2.5 years and containing 1.1 million binaries with 778GB of raw feature data. Without reviewer assistance, we achieve 72% detection at a 0.5% false positive rate, performing comparable to the best vendors on VirusTotal. Given a budg"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1510.07338","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:13:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"EV7iBME89EUNXjdttB98dS8ikX8xxk4NYGqte2wDnXLPjLJCoKS1/wcJaZZUyRJO7uahx6wgi/1Iw4chKZcaAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-07T16:43:43.260786Z"},"content_sha256":"7097502e3ffcbfbb072ec90562180e2bf3667375378881f3abd3f1341e0d1c98","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7097502e3ffcbfbb072ec90562180e2bf3667375378881f3abd3f1341e0d1c98"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EHWXXIOFHA7LTBJMOA5GUBIP55/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EHWXXIOFHA7LTBJMOA5GUBIP55/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EHWXXIOFHA7LTBJMOA5GUBIP55/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-07T16:43:43Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/EHWXXIOFHA7LTBJMOA5GUBIP55","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/EHWXXIOFHA7LTBJMOA5GUBIP55/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/EHWXXIOFHA7LTBJMOA5GUBIP55/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EHWXXIOFHA7LTBJMOA5GUBIP55/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:EHWXXIOFHA7LTBJMOA5GUBIP55","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8329dece9686e1eba3fe1f6bdb19da1c8498af2178768a0628df211b39ae3961","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2015-10-26T00:40:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"a8211bde9742932027aedc26b13bda87101423bf36569df9675452350d620108"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1510.07338","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1510.07338","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:13:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1510.07338v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:13:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1510.07338","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:13:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EHWXXIOFHA7L","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EHWXXIOFHA7LTBJM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EHWXXIOF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:19Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7097502e3ffcbfbb072ec90562180e2bf3667375378881f3abd3f1341e0d1c98","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:13:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present and evaluate a large-scale malware detection system integrating machine learning with expert reviewers, treating reviewers as a limited labeling resource. We demonstrate that even in small numbers, reviewers can vastly improve the system's ability to keep pace with evolving threats. We conduct our evaluation on a sample of VirusTotal submissions spanning 2.5 years and containing 1.1 million binaries with 778GB of raw feature data. Without reviewer assistance, we achieve 72% detection at a 0.5% false positive rate, performing comparable to the best vendors on VirusTotal. Given a budg","authors_text":"Alex Kantchelian, Anthony D. Joseph, Brad Miller, George Yiu, J. D. Tygar, Ling Huang, Michael Carl Tschantz, Rekha Bachwani, Riyaz Faizullabhoy, Sadia Afroz, Tony Wu, Vaishaal Shankar","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2015-10-26T00:40:43Z","title":"Reviewer Integration and Performance Measurement for Malware Detection"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1510.07338","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0f4f35048128fd05438c9f15689b0c538dc83884c5c6d6111470c1ae18e911bb","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:13:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8329dece9686e1eba3fe1f6bdb19da1c8498af2178768a0628df211b39ae3961","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2015-10-26T00:40:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"a8211bde9742932027aedc26b13bda87101423bf36569df9675452350d620108"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1510.07338","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"21ed7ba1c5383eb9852c703a6a050fef518265cd37ea4131cecbc797e7e196da","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"21ed7ba1c5383eb9852c703a6a050fef518265cd37ea4131cecbc797e7e196da","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:13:30.812303Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:13:30.812303Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"l7zDLa6/xt0h54ucHRRIXGWtxNysx1uq7bNT7V/SmJ8NUwWU3yccO3+dE973TuA+D52cB1QL2A1Q41zZ9aYvDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:13:30.812963Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1510.07338","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0f4f35048128fd05438c9f15689b0c538dc83884c5c6d6111470c1ae18e911bb","sha256:7097502e3ffcbfbb072ec90562180e2bf3667375378881f3abd3f1341e0d1c98"],"state_sha256":"d040eb1ace08fbd8f78354d025b5a773d423f1a4ca3f821ea42f78a7dceed0ff"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"IZrCk8RfzjXKU162f/46jFAX7UQDPytwL6uizxUnJ6cDCEnv4mg1pYlddSWeAGc5G0EC8OaFi45W0SGZTbcqDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-07T16:43:43.265085Z","bundle_sha256":"073fb66cd21ed288979fc700dee85b6c59caac55acd5164dc32471b653912e6a"}}