{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:EICUP5HOFW6GZOZUBAOKCOFF2Y","short_pith_number":"pith:EICUP5HO","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1606.00168","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2016-06-01T08:34:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"f24e58b4adb5e742956bddf4305bb7c36ecc784790f502090e92455c9c8a14e5","abstract_canon_sha256":"5fd73e953188e617aa4e5309e06e5a033a4fc0cb3f9bba887a70788a3b53f096"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"220547f4ee2dbc6cbb34081ca138a5d615d3dd5c7587db7f486d472d5f96eedb","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1606.00168","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1606.00168","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1606.00168v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1606.00168","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EICUP5HOFW6G","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EICUP5HOFW6GZOZU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EICUP5HO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:EICUP5HOFW6GZOZUBAOKCOFF2Y","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1606.00168","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2016-06-01T08:34:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"f24e58b4adb5e742956bddf4305bb7c36ecc784790f502090e92455c9c8a14e5","abstract_canon_sha256":"5fd73e953188e617aa4e5309e06e5a033a4fc0cb3f9bba887a70788a3b53f096"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"220547f4ee2dbc6cbb34081ca138a5d615d3dd5c7587db7f486d472d5f96eedb","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:37.637811Z","signature_b64":"93+Hv2f/5TvPEqIJx3TyaF412fWQofofSEWVQruo243v8ZLr/eEJjLRQRsCq3c5nBVZo1HZ97D1F7PoB7jQDCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"220547f4ee2dbc6cbb34081ca138a5d615d3dd5c7587db7f486d472d5f96eedb","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:37.637398Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:37.637398Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1606.00168","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:37Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"cUqG62VYU00kAanbcmLZx94GhH6P/okDvA3wGDt62LKG7igy6XsaKykWdCfi51YiHJ2zJsfEiuKtG7rfXfJ7Aw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-08T19:07:14.296923Z"},"content_sha256":"203f2da2bb8da16ecb84133a3bedc26dc2822da70389f1239ae16dc9af628b5e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:203f2da2bb8da16ecb84133a3bedc26dc2822da70389f1239ae16dc9af628b5e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:EICUP5HOFW6GZOZUBAOKCOFF2Y","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Testing dark energy models with $H(z)$ data","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"Jing-Zhao Qi, Ming-Jian Zhang, Wen-Biao Liu","submitted_at":"2016-06-01T08:34:30Z","abstract_excerpt":"$Om(z)$ is a diagnostic approach to distinguish dark energy models. However, there are few articles to discuss what is the distinguishing criterion. In this paper, firstly we smooth the latest observational $H(z)$ data using a model-independent method -- Gaussian processes, and then reconstruct the $Om(z)$ and its fist order derivative $\\mathcal{L}^{(1)}_m$. Such reconstructions not only could be the distinguishing criteria, but also could be used to estimate the authenticity of models. We choose some popular models to study, such as $\\Lambda$CDM, generalized Chaplygin gas (GCG) model, Chevall"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1606.00168","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:37Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Mg0Lt6MLSzOs2Ffpexxey5fcZYjcboKnCtfNZM1xkDbbHbEgmt+gTtfEz99v58XhTKLMm56stoyIabSlVNkjCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-08T19:07:14.297509Z"},"content_sha256":"612e5bae3a145a179326587b7c0328e1a6c3ea10d223cd6a0dc0f343b5440e5d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:612e5bae3a145a179326587b7c0328e1a6c3ea10d223cd6a0dc0f343b5440e5d"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EICUP5HOFW6GZOZUBAOKCOFF2Y/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EICUP5HOFW6GZOZUBAOKCOFF2Y/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EICUP5HOFW6GZOZUBAOKCOFF2Y/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-08T19:07:14Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/EICUP5HOFW6GZOZUBAOKCOFF2Y","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/EICUP5HOFW6GZOZUBAOKCOFF2Y/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/EICUP5HOFW6GZOZUBAOKCOFF2Y/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EICUP5HOFW6GZOZUBAOKCOFF2Y/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:EICUP5HOFW6GZOZUBAOKCOFF2Y","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5fd73e953188e617aa4e5309e06e5a033a4fc0cb3f9bba887a70788a3b53f096","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2016-06-01T08:34:30Z","title_canon_sha256":"f24e58b4adb5e742956bddf4305bb7c36ecc784790f502090e92455c9c8a14e5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1606.00168","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1606.00168","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1606.00168v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1606.00168","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EICUP5HOFW6G","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EICUP5HOFW6GZOZU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EICUP5HO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:12Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:612e5bae3a145a179326587b7c0328e1a6c3ea10d223cd6a0dc0f343b5440e5d","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:37Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"$Om(z)$ is a diagnostic approach to distinguish dark energy models. However, there are few articles to discuss what is the distinguishing criterion. In this paper, firstly we smooth the latest observational $H(z)$ data using a model-independent method -- Gaussian processes, and then reconstruct the $Om(z)$ and its fist order derivative $\\mathcal{L}^{(1)}_m$. Such reconstructions not only could be the distinguishing criteria, but also could be used to estimate the authenticity of models. We choose some popular models to study, such as $\\Lambda$CDM, generalized Chaplygin gas (GCG) model, Chevall","authors_text":"Jing-Zhao Qi, Ming-Jian Zhang, Wen-Biao Liu","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2016-06-01T08:34:30Z","title":"Testing dark energy models with $H(z)$ data"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1606.00168","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:203f2da2bb8da16ecb84133a3bedc26dc2822da70389f1239ae16dc9af628b5e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:37Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5fd73e953188e617aa4e5309e06e5a033a4fc0cb3f9bba887a70788a3b53f096","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2016-06-01T08:34:30Z","title_canon_sha256":"f24e58b4adb5e742956bddf4305bb7c36ecc784790f502090e92455c9c8a14e5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1606.00168","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"220547f4ee2dbc6cbb34081ca138a5d615d3dd5c7587db7f486d472d5f96eedb","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"220547f4ee2dbc6cbb34081ca138a5d615d3dd5c7587db7f486d472d5f96eedb","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:37.637398Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:37.637398Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"93+Hv2f/5TvPEqIJx3TyaF412fWQofofSEWVQruo243v8ZLr/eEJjLRQRsCq3c5nBVZo1HZ97D1F7PoB7jQDCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:12:37.637811Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1606.00168","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:203f2da2bb8da16ecb84133a3bedc26dc2822da70389f1239ae16dc9af628b5e","sha256:612e5bae3a145a179326587b7c0328e1a6c3ea10d223cd6a0dc0f343b5440e5d"],"state_sha256":"541bd9e16a71b139e113991d68878db943b9432afaad1183a78ac86c2644d136"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"AGGWo21vkiztwbORbcbIguYKSTb2IiB9BIXhrUS6n1W3oRftlVE1Z7LOeaEBWEkZ+8uGefol7tmKyYq2U8lhCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-08T19:07:14.301336Z","bundle_sha256":"0a9be4b85a2f1aaba4fce8afc5b8308f3494144bc023f1acfd4ee6c77f064f36"}}