{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:EMPR4X5OX6N4OCK3BS3GV7P7VK","short_pith_number":"pith:EMPR4X5O","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2410.22884","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-10-30T10:25:35Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL","cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"733370617b037b57102a6c339c84e77ae7e41623a2d3544959d034cc80e2eb1a","abstract_canon_sha256":"8c5c81d83e6a2d480674575a2bfa09dd9b03dd40078c7351c51371ac5ece494d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"231f1e5faebf9bc7095b0cb66afdffaa9dd19ca59a9469c41395824e0b59113d","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2410.22884","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2410.22884","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2410.22884v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2410.22884","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EMPR4X5OX6N4","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EMPR4X5OX6N4OCK3","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EMPR4X5O","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:EMPR4X5OX6N4OCK3BS3GV7P7VK","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2410.22884","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-10-30T10:25:35Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL","cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"733370617b037b57102a6c339c84e77ae7e41623a2d3544959d034cc80e2eb1a","abstract_canon_sha256":"8c5c81d83e6a2d480674575a2bfa09dd9b03dd40078c7351c51371ac5ece494d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"231f1e5faebf9bc7095b0cb66afdffaa9dd19ca59a9469c41395824e0b59113d","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37.473126Z","signature_b64":"WgcpOEwPeuyG+5LD3Pr458E/kLHN+PY98Ctlw5NC8Blst20aPqX/MJRjIJZrf0H8qT9Vi1QY84Kkk2iW5U6FAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"231f1e5faebf9bc7095b0cb66afdffaa9dd19ca59a9469c41395824e0b59113d","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37.472709Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37.472709Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2410.22884","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rHmjfOeKnWioskXE/ZNpsBRsbETSF8EotFrza0m28Z1ZGcv2zepgOLDn+F0ZYTA9G6VpM7gLOC6Uv/HCxVulBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T02:31:33.469929Z"},"content_sha256":"0a8730854fb29d7fda9df488d44c4e246bcab03a86b4a97e7ac03ad0b4c1c8be","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0a8730854fb29d7fda9df488d44c4e246bcab03a86b4a97e7ac03ad0b4c1c8be"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:EMPR4X5OX6N4OCK3BS3GV7P7VK","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Stealing User Prompts from Mixture of Experts","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.CL","cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Ilia Shumailov, Itay Yona, Jamie Hayes, Nicholas Carlini","submitted_at":"2024-10-30T10:25:35Z","abstract_excerpt":"Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models improve the efficiency and scalability of dense language models by routing each token to a small number of experts in each layer. In this paper, we show how an adversary that can arrange for their queries to appear in the same batch of examples as a victim's queries can exploit Expert-Choice-Routing to fully disclose a victim's prompt. We successfully demonstrate the effectiveness of this attack on a two-layer Mixtral model, exploiting the tie-handling behavior of the torch.topk CUDA implementation. Our results show that we can extract the entire prompt using $O"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2410.22884","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2410.22884/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"uYaKzK9nDzcUs/cMaft6548kF2y23aH63bnHQj8coO8jVE681MRV9BYxO7iB8I7FRACfOq8JoyRZHdB7wKBWCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T02:31:33.470440Z"},"content_sha256":"3445406a9398ee501d07476bb7edb747727dbf1dc5a902015e1e60941cea6ccc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3445406a9398ee501d07476bb7edb747727dbf1dc5a902015e1e60941cea6ccc"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EMPR4X5OX6N4OCK3BS3GV7P7VK/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EMPR4X5OX6N4OCK3BS3GV7P7VK/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EMPR4X5OX6N4OCK3BS3GV7P7VK/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-08T02:31:33Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/EMPR4X5OX6N4OCK3BS3GV7P7VK","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/EMPR4X5OX6N4OCK3BS3GV7P7VK/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/EMPR4X5OX6N4OCK3BS3GV7P7VK/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EMPR4X5OX6N4OCK3BS3GV7P7VK/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:EMPR4X5OX6N4OCK3BS3GV7P7VK","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8c5c81d83e6a2d480674575a2bfa09dd9b03dd40078c7351c51371ac5ece494d","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL","cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-10-30T10:25:35Z","title_canon_sha256":"733370617b037b57102a6c339c84e77ae7e41623a2d3544959d034cc80e2eb1a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2410.22884","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2410.22884","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2410.22884v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2410.22884","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EMPR4X5OX6N4","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EMPR4X5OX6N4OCK3","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EMPR4X5O","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3445406a9398ee501d07476bb7edb747727dbf1dc5a902015e1e60941cea6ccc","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2410.22884/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models improve the efficiency and scalability of dense language models by routing each token to a small number of experts in each layer. In this paper, we show how an adversary that can arrange for their queries to appear in the same batch of examples as a victim's queries can exploit Expert-Choice-Routing to fully disclose a victim's prompt. We successfully demonstrate the effectiveness of this attack on a two-layer Mixtral model, exploiting the tie-handling behavior of the torch.topk CUDA implementation. Our results show that we can extract the entire prompt using $O","authors_text":"Ilia Shumailov, Itay Yona, Jamie Hayes, Nicholas Carlini","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.CL","cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-10-30T10:25:35Z","title":"Stealing User Prompts from Mixture of Experts"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2410.22884","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0a8730854fb29d7fda9df488d44c4e246bcab03a86b4a97e7ac03ad0b4c1c8be","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"8c5c81d83e6a2d480674575a2bfa09dd9b03dd40078c7351c51371ac5ece494d","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL","cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-10-30T10:25:35Z","title_canon_sha256":"733370617b037b57102a6c339c84e77ae7e41623a2d3544959d034cc80e2eb1a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2410.22884","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"231f1e5faebf9bc7095b0cb66afdffaa9dd19ca59a9469c41395824e0b59113d","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"231f1e5faebf9bc7095b0cb66afdffaa9dd19ca59a9469c41395824e0b59113d","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37.472709Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37.472709Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"WgcpOEwPeuyG+5LD3Pr458E/kLHN+PY98Ctlw5NC8Blst20aPqX/MJRjIJZrf0H8qT9Vi1QY84Kkk2iW5U6FAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:28:37.473126Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2410.22884","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0a8730854fb29d7fda9df488d44c4e246bcab03a86b4a97e7ac03ad0b4c1c8be","sha256:3445406a9398ee501d07476bb7edb747727dbf1dc5a902015e1e60941cea6ccc"],"state_sha256":"00c24b425366951c45ffff4aec31daf10295b0b9fe62fe6a23f50d682550a886"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"12/hs+qsFa4RSAv4AwD1uFmYzRIBURJPafM80vfLK5u4HkGtdbirGi9ooWimyr1Milt7vPfz4cj9ultloqz9Bg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T02:31:33.475835Z","bundle_sha256":"abc2a5e77e58a990cce38198d77a6b556bdfe2a90c4d11f3c8f6097fcec3781c"}}