{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:EMWJQV5HHPR4DPYOR545AOUNVY","short_pith_number":"pith:EMWJQV5H","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2212.08766","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2022-12-17T00:30:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"5d2f63bfba3e5fc9d62b93a79a10ef2bedfb97e2611755390e6de20f5bcc0154","abstract_canon_sha256":"5921ad99e6b4b53a63b18a519e13702792ada8814f839df08f215f73beaedda5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"232c9857a73be3c1bf0e8f79d03a8dae29c29ccbd7959cb35b9126de192739f8","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2212.08766","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2212.08766","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2212.08766v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2212.08766","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EMWJQV5HHPR4","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EMWJQV5HHPR4DPYO","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EMWJQV5H","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:EMWJQV5HHPR4DPYOR545AOUNVY","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2212.08766","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2022-12-17T00:30:55Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"5d2f63bfba3e5fc9d62b93a79a10ef2bedfb97e2611755390e6de20f5bcc0154","abstract_canon_sha256":"5921ad99e6b4b53a63b18a519e13702792ada8814f839df08f215f73beaedda5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"232c9857a73be3c1bf0e8f79d03a8dae29c29ccbd7959cb35b9126de192739f8","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46.480926Z","signature_b64":"up/dkWDpqdSPraZmrVw38EqVhgWizRw8+qASmgzFzDQPqjokNRfQC7AUd++IRjBELkCBVd6i1MYnZ/etQp+nAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"232c9857a73be3c1bf0e8f79d03a8dae29c29ccbd7959cb35b9126de192739f8","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46.480482Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46.480482Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2212.08766","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Xin4H80kM3aX+E2YJQHFZZAgui08Ms7QIkogcSQoNgnUxc9dFGkBOmMIcBZnNWiPRYq8uUbPKuz7uiSuWpwMAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T10:29:47.693329Z"},"content_sha256":"eba397fa754eebe6c63de95b37ef1a9e777419650df0d7cdd51fb101610909ac","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:eba397fa754eebe6c63de95b37ef1a9e777419650df0d7cdd51fb101610909ac"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:EMWJQV5HHPR4DPYOR545AOUNVY","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Asymptotically Optimal Knockoff Statistics via the Masked Likelihood Ratio","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"stat.ME","authors_text":"Asher Spector, William Fithian","submitted_at":"2022-12-17T00:30:55Z","abstract_excerpt":"In feature selection problems, knockoffs are synthetic controls for the original features. Employing knockoffs allows analysts to use nearly any variable importance measure or \"feature statistic\" to select features while rigorously controlling false positives. However, it is not clear which statistic maximizes power. In this paper, we argue that state-of-the-art lasso-based feature statistics often prioritize features that are unlikely to be discovered, leading to low power in real applications. Instead, we introduce masked likelihood ratio (MLR) statistics, which prioritize features according"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2212.08766","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2212.08766/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"W/QIHpURHc+iVDx6az6fdes0biefK320eOhmsb9nohu66zOLgCY/jdX9Gnd9gD4VXcqSeaAeoylhJtWseRf0AA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T10:29:47.694221Z"},"content_sha256":"c4ad05efc6ea3a6bb6ac0c2f4c45a7bf66c60220ba572543f08847e0ed1aee92","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c4ad05efc6ea3a6bb6ac0c2f4c45a7bf66c60220ba572543f08847e0ed1aee92"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EMWJQV5HHPR4DPYOR545AOUNVY/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EMWJQV5HHPR4DPYOR545AOUNVY/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EMWJQV5HHPR4DPYOR545AOUNVY/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-05T10:29:47Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/EMWJQV5HHPR4DPYOR545AOUNVY","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/EMWJQV5HHPR4DPYOR545AOUNVY/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/EMWJQV5HHPR4DPYOR545AOUNVY/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EMWJQV5HHPR4DPYOR545AOUNVY/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:EMWJQV5HHPR4DPYOR545AOUNVY","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5921ad99e6b4b53a63b18a519e13702792ada8814f839df08f215f73beaedda5","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2022-12-17T00:30:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"5d2f63bfba3e5fc9d62b93a79a10ef2bedfb97e2611755390e6de20f5bcc0154"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2212.08766","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2212.08766","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2212.08766v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2212.08766","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EMWJQV5HHPR4","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EMWJQV5HHPR4DPYO","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EMWJQV5H","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c4ad05efc6ea3a6bb6ac0c2f4c45a7bf66c60220ba572543f08847e0ed1aee92","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2212.08766/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In feature selection problems, knockoffs are synthetic controls for the original features. Employing knockoffs allows analysts to use nearly any variable importance measure or \"feature statistic\" to select features while rigorously controlling false positives. However, it is not clear which statistic maximizes power. In this paper, we argue that state-of-the-art lasso-based feature statistics often prioritize features that are unlikely to be discovered, leading to low power in real applications. Instead, we introduce masked likelihood ratio (MLR) statistics, which prioritize features according","authors_text":"Asher Spector, William Fithian","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2022-12-17T00:30:55Z","title":"Asymptotically Optimal Knockoff Statistics via the Masked Likelihood Ratio"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2212.08766","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:eba397fa754eebe6c63de95b37ef1a9e777419650df0d7cdd51fb101610909ac","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5921ad99e6b4b53a63b18a519e13702792ada8814f839df08f215f73beaedda5","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2022-12-17T00:30:55Z","title_canon_sha256":"5d2f63bfba3e5fc9d62b93a79a10ef2bedfb97e2611755390e6de20f5bcc0154"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2212.08766","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"232c9857a73be3c1bf0e8f79d03a8dae29c29ccbd7959cb35b9126de192739f8","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"232c9857a73be3c1bf0e8f79d03a8dae29c29ccbd7959cb35b9126de192739f8","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46.480482Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46.480482Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"up/dkWDpqdSPraZmrVw38EqVhgWizRw8+qASmgzFzDQPqjokNRfQC7AUd++IRjBELkCBVd6i1MYnZ/etQp+nAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:13:46.480926Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2212.08766","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:eba397fa754eebe6c63de95b37ef1a9e777419650df0d7cdd51fb101610909ac","sha256:c4ad05efc6ea3a6bb6ac0c2f4c45a7bf66c60220ba572543f08847e0ed1aee92"],"state_sha256":"f903dd3df8fd443a28b0d7cb84fd9c6e5f248b33822fd02e73c16991c5d770e4"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"OAfm0JeJ0TO1tPlZlOMArwdAvNYfvTuKOt0O0MCoLIx10JHQDSszfURkY9XB+X7g4ZIommLHfiiQDlaiAO8BDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T10:29:47.700203Z","bundle_sha256":"8113b5ca7af5efb9d8c679c1146ea526a25551c9bb5f1ea1abf1c80d9d25e2e4"}}