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The elapsed calendar time between the first two spectra was 24.88 d, and that between the first and third spectra was 30.95 d. In an expanding universe where 1 + z represents the factor by which space has expanded between the emission and detection of light, the amount of aging in the supernova rest frame should be a factor of 1 / (1 + z) smaller than the observed-frame aging; thus, we expect SN 1997ex to have aged 18.28 d and 22.74 d between the first epoch and the se"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/0504481","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2005-04-21T18:30:06Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d1272441efab229139513e56b8fad7bf7442244555df064337c5f439ce9bb3f3","abstract_canon_sha256":"240881daae9b5f852db68ae072bbc8cf8842d0913b1f12553b9e3a71d896a7f4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T16:52:14.531425Z","signature_b64":"EAGq3/QIWlQB2Cx65AY6R916tWNJFrObOsoNowZGJEWlT69L8vdAC8/Gl0bh+NtO0SlzhiKQyjoL3EBaPILcDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"23f88fa7dba312efc449ed37850bbbfbcd07091a49710ca0430391c52d2dbd77","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T16:52:14.531029Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T16:52:14.531029Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Definitive Measurement of Time Dilation in the Spectral Evolution of the Moderate-Redshift Type Ia Supernova 1997ex","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"A. 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