{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:EQAHO37JKEOHSZHUHQFPNGL7AL","short_pith_number":"pith:EQAHO37J","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1811.11105","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","submitted_at":"2018-11-27T16:55:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b76a393024edef931c1d3764803d173e0578dec2656dc6b800b5b35543c214ba","abstract_canon_sha256":"6d9670ad47389e7ceabcc1683142ce71d8f786dc04315754a7126474ca9c8dcb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2400776fe9511c7964f43c0af6997f02e0eb7228c0ae180582dff94ae51dbe00","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1811.11105","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1811.11105","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1811.11105v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1811.11105","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EQAHO37JKEOH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EQAHO37JKEOHSZHU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EQAHO37J","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:22Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:EQAHO37JKEOHSZHUHQFPNGL7AL","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1811.11105","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","submitted_at":"2018-11-27T16:55:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b76a393024edef931c1d3764803d173e0578dec2656dc6b800b5b35543c214ba","abstract_canon_sha256":"6d9670ad47389e7ceabcc1683142ce71d8f786dc04315754a7126474ca9c8dcb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2400776fe9511c7964f43c0af6997f02e0eb7228c0ae180582dff94ae51dbe00","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:45.241584Z","signature_b64":"KgBCgIQZjkq/+Oj/mvLM0kf2WLK1r6xnc1cDneNamJPZggeWgyNGAqRFt+/OYcXp7M0jjzPhZ591cK1iJM4KAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"2400776fe9511c7964f43c0af6997f02e0eb7228c0ae180582dff94ae51dbe00","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:45.241081Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:45.241081Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1811.11105","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qhO51kYz7P5lfYc/+euVXII0FrfNJnNRwMirgwoXPNmlPk3dad0zUocpDj11r4/mEt9CmOsPlN8B/R6kns4XDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T02:22:06.122826Z"},"content_sha256":"cac27889b04556ec077db8a42b8a0bf18da23e30b0a9213e45da39ed2573479b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cac27889b04556ec077db8a42b8a0bf18da23e30b0a9213e45da39ed2573479b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:EQAHO37JKEOHSZHUHQFPNGL7AL","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Controlling DNA Tug-of-War in a Dual Nanopore Device","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","authors_text":"Roland Nagel, Walter Reisner, William B. Dunbar, Xu Liu, Yuning Zhang","submitted_at":"2018-11-27T16:55:44Z","abstract_excerpt":"Methods for reducing and directly controlling the speed of DNA through a nanopore are needed to enhance sensing performance for direct strand sequencing and detection/mapping of sequence-specific features. We have created a method for reducing and controlling the speed of DNA that uses two independently controllable nanopores operated with an active control logic. The pores are positioned sufficiently close to permit co-capture of a single DNA by both pores. Once co-capture occurs, control logic turns on constant competing voltages at the pores leading to a `tug-of-war' whereby the molecule is"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1811.11105","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:45Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jSg22ZGMpZLkmqlzeaOeXI4k77iTrS7XenFCyg+rx/9DKvgAJ5uBRXn8w8dftdqW5OGhPhH4B/o0dRHjC8ryAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T02:22:06.123527Z"},"content_sha256":"fc814874fa9da8b707fe9dbda264918a764434a25c72ffa3644b2f0fb3eb5529","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fc814874fa9da8b707fe9dbda264918a764434a25c72ffa3644b2f0fb3eb5529"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EQAHO37JKEOHSZHUHQFPNGL7AL/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EQAHO37JKEOHSZHUHQFPNGL7AL/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EQAHO37JKEOHSZHUHQFPNGL7AL/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-26T02:22:06Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/EQAHO37JKEOHSZHUHQFPNGL7AL","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/EQAHO37JKEOHSZHUHQFPNGL7AL/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/EQAHO37JKEOHSZHUHQFPNGL7AL/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EQAHO37JKEOHSZHUHQFPNGL7AL/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:EQAHO37JKEOHSZHUHQFPNGL7AL","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6d9670ad47389e7ceabcc1683142ce71d8f786dc04315754a7126474ca9c8dcb","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","submitted_at":"2018-11-27T16:55:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"b76a393024edef931c1d3764803d173e0578dec2656dc6b800b5b35543c214ba"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1811.11105","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1811.11105","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1811.11105v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1811.11105","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:45Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EQAHO37JKEOH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EQAHO37JKEOHSZHU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EQAHO37J","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:22Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:fc814874fa9da8b707fe9dbda264918a764434a25c72ffa3644b2f0fb3eb5529","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Methods for reducing and directly controlling the speed of DNA through a nanopore are needed to enhance sensing performance for direct strand sequencing and detection/mapping of sequence-specific features. We have created a method for reducing and controlling the speed of DNA that uses two independently controllable nanopores operated with an active control logic. The pores are positioned sufficiently close to permit co-capture of a single DNA by both pores. Once co-capture occurs, control logic turns on constant competing voltages at the pores leading to a `tug-of-war' whereby the molecule is","authors_text":"Roland Nagel, Walter Reisner, William B. Dunbar, Xu Liu, Yuning Zhang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","submitted_at":"2018-11-27T16:55:44Z","title":"Controlling DNA Tug-of-War in a Dual Nanopore Device"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1811.11105","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:cac27889b04556ec077db8a42b8a0bf18da23e30b0a9213e45da39ed2573479b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:45Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6d9670ad47389e7ceabcc1683142ce71d8f786dc04315754a7126474ca9c8dcb","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.bio-ph","submitted_at":"2018-11-27T16:55:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"b76a393024edef931c1d3764803d173e0578dec2656dc6b800b5b35543c214ba"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1811.11105","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"2400776fe9511c7964f43c0af6997f02e0eb7228c0ae180582dff94ae51dbe00","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"2400776fe9511c7964f43c0af6997f02e0eb7228c0ae180582dff94ae51dbe00","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:45.241081Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:45.241081Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"KgBCgIQZjkq/+Oj/mvLM0kf2WLK1r6xnc1cDneNamJPZggeWgyNGAqRFt+/OYcXp7M0jjzPhZ591cK1iJM4KAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:45.241584Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1811.11105","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:cac27889b04556ec077db8a42b8a0bf18da23e30b0a9213e45da39ed2573479b","sha256:fc814874fa9da8b707fe9dbda264918a764434a25c72ffa3644b2f0fb3eb5529"],"state_sha256":"f66e5b9e2c800b442f224c5548fa381fb946188180190c2e8d8932b2c3260bbe"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"FztxYGMhguaNvR0KVphl0yEeAqG9c7kOyyWo8Bo3dXHHWxtFvpg8zi2QJLp4tcwaPQuu5eyTACAys/Rcu+opCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T02:22:06.127460Z","bundle_sha256":"2f64e9ae86855289d79052e8d70d25f905bd8d52dc195db4d47b1e253e1b9ce1"}}