{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:EQEYDQXPWEO2CKOULZ43VLM7LA","short_pith_number":"pith:EQEYDQXP","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1801.10212","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2018-01-29T10:53:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.class-ph","physics.geo-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"159969821eff848b054d328498bdefb206cc3bd9d6ee73033ae10009e04c6077","abstract_canon_sha256":"17a59468351bd3651690fdc43c2cdb0394f7e7356b527990ae003962c5ecfe19"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"240981c2efb11da129d45e79baad9f5807944e93cc095ca63833414d047cc172","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1801.10212","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1801.10212","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1801.10212v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1801.10212","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EQEYDQXPWEO2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EQEYDQXPWEO2CKOU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EQEYDQXP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:22Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:EQEYDQXPWEO2CKOULZ43VLM7LA","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1801.10212","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2018-01-29T10:53:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.class-ph","physics.geo-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"159969821eff848b054d328498bdefb206cc3bd9d6ee73033ae10009e04c6077","abstract_canon_sha256":"17a59468351bd3651690fdc43c2cdb0394f7e7356b527990ae003962c5ecfe19"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"240981c2efb11da129d45e79baad9f5807944e93cc095ca63833414d047cc172","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:41.448713Z","signature_b64":"QpmdQ8U/06P68tUepDThObS4G9ueAF6AmNkIxinHAVkmR+SUhN6g0zHL/O0AyTGvSd19xwQ4D1dvqguTdbKRDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"240981c2efb11da129d45e79baad9f5807944e93cc095ca63833414d047cc172","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:41.448121Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:41.448121Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1801.10212","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"dKonxKw4RqKdxP+z/YR0+G0dQ2CCabWhQFKjoaCW4Z63UVp2eR5nFNGv/pAA/NwxrtpUKagyHPdZ6fnLrpt2DA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T14:22:58.653898Z"},"content_sha256":"a206690b5c352851013964faa5121eceb6ed5b2614766763b0af04391a0b73ab","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a206690b5c352851013964faa5121eceb6ed5b2614766763b0af04391a0b73ab"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:EQEYDQXPWEO2CKOULZ43VLM7LA","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Pressure evolution and deformation of confined granular media during pneumatic fracturing","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.class-ph","physics.geo-ph"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","authors_text":"Antoine Turquet (IPGS), Eirik Flekk{\\o}y, Fredrik Eriksen (IPGS), Knut J{\\o}rgen M{\\aa}l{\\o}y, Renaud Toussaint (IPGS)","submitted_at":"2018-01-29T10:53:40Z","abstract_excerpt":"By means of digital image correlation, we experimentally characterize the deformation of a dry granular medium confined inside a Hele-Shaw cell due to air injection at a constant overpressure high enough to deform it (from 50 to 250 kPa). Air injection at these overpressures leads to the formation of so called pneumatic fractures, i.e. channels empty of beads, and we discuss the typical deformations of the medium surrounding these structures. In addition we simulate the diffusion of the fluid overpressure into the medium, comparing it with the Laplacian solution over time, and relating pressur"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1801.10212","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kAZMjf2CTVh1n6Cm7RVf2ih9q+uj6ZGX72dS2UNPTtWI0EzPL8VPSJGOFk1aOLmBdqzrmKjal9sJXotMUohtDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T14:22:58.654277Z"},"content_sha256":"a3da7623b615eeef2e356525291aa432939c4503ebafabba56669b8c1e938ee1","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a3da7623b615eeef2e356525291aa432939c4503ebafabba56669b8c1e938ee1"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EQEYDQXPWEO2CKOULZ43VLM7LA/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EQEYDQXPWEO2CKOULZ43VLM7LA/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EQEYDQXPWEO2CKOULZ43VLM7LA/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-04T14:22:58Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/EQEYDQXPWEO2CKOULZ43VLM7LA","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/EQEYDQXPWEO2CKOULZ43VLM7LA/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/EQEYDQXPWEO2CKOULZ43VLM7LA/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EQEYDQXPWEO2CKOULZ43VLM7LA/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:EQEYDQXPWEO2CKOULZ43VLM7LA","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"17a59468351bd3651690fdc43c2cdb0394f7e7356b527990ae003962c5ecfe19","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.class-ph","physics.geo-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2018-01-29T10:53:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"159969821eff848b054d328498bdefb206cc3bd9d6ee73033ae10009e04c6077"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1801.10212","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1801.10212","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1801.10212v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1801.10212","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EQEYDQXPWEO2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EQEYDQXPWEO2CKOU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EQEYDQXP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:22Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a3da7623b615eeef2e356525291aa432939c4503ebafabba56669b8c1e938ee1","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"By means of digital image correlation, we experimentally characterize the deformation of a dry granular medium confined inside a Hele-Shaw cell due to air injection at a constant overpressure high enough to deform it (from 50 to 250 kPa). Air injection at these overpressures leads to the formation of so called pneumatic fractures, i.e. channels empty of beads, and we discuss the typical deformations of the medium surrounding these structures. In addition we simulate the diffusion of the fluid overpressure into the medium, comparing it with the Laplacian solution over time, and relating pressur","authors_text":"Antoine Turquet (IPGS), Eirik Flekk{\\o}y, Fredrik Eriksen (IPGS), Knut J{\\o}rgen M{\\aa}l{\\o}y, Renaud Toussaint (IPGS)","cross_cats":["physics.class-ph","physics.geo-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2018-01-29T10:53:40Z","title":"Pressure evolution and deformation of confined granular media during pneumatic fracturing"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1801.10212","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a206690b5c352851013964faa5121eceb6ed5b2614766763b0af04391a0b73ab","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"17a59468351bd3651690fdc43c2cdb0394f7e7356b527990ae003962c5ecfe19","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.class-ph","physics.geo-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.soft","submitted_at":"2018-01-29T10:53:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"159969821eff848b054d328498bdefb206cc3bd9d6ee73033ae10009e04c6077"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1801.10212","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"240981c2efb11da129d45e79baad9f5807944e93cc095ca63833414d047cc172","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"240981c2efb11da129d45e79baad9f5807944e93cc095ca63833414d047cc172","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:41.448121Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:41.448121Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"QpmdQ8U/06P68tUepDThObS4G9ueAF6AmNkIxinHAVkmR+SUhN6g0zHL/O0AyTGvSd19xwQ4D1dvqguTdbKRDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:41.448713Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1801.10212","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a206690b5c352851013964faa5121eceb6ed5b2614766763b0af04391a0b73ab","sha256:a3da7623b615eeef2e356525291aa432939c4503ebafabba56669b8c1e938ee1"],"state_sha256":"43dc2a0ced7f8e480795778baa33ce8c14974de9f9a4412097af9041bec0ce97"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PSSZL7C5Lkk6Fv7GdK7SmxH8mFNin/zrPzYwZvCxy+6ncZMao9q9OLqMvsjz+Neh983XaZfpU/9iedDfce4xCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-04T14:22:58.656297Z","bundle_sha256":"14784b7f7409731528e213b665a712eb279000f526ea07b4670a869e54045d75"}}