{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:EQZREUZKSILBVK2MYRQSOQJVVF","short_pith_number":"pith:EQZREUZK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1704.01352","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2017-04-05T10:18:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc"],"title_canon_sha256":"33b69b039a25ad089ddffae1c4af1a2abddf17c97f33d20912b562bc4bcb3f2a","abstract_canon_sha256":"28c7ea94840f70f5df0ef1bdb9c4b0526742cdb7fa0866c625824d415a86abf4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"243312532a92161aab4cc461274135a9742e834d36665bcbe730962e4a4d7574","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1704.01352","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1704.01352","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1704.01352v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1704.01352","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EQZREUZKSILB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EQZREUZKSILBVK2M","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EQZREUZK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:12Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:EQZREUZKSILBVK2MYRQSOQJVVF","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1704.01352","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2017-04-05T10:18:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc"],"title_canon_sha256":"33b69b039a25ad089ddffae1c4af1a2abddf17c97f33d20912b562bc4bcb3f2a","abstract_canon_sha256":"28c7ea94840f70f5df0ef1bdb9c4b0526742cdb7fa0866c625824d415a86abf4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"243312532a92161aab4cc461274135a9742e834d36665bcbe730962e4a4d7574","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:34.250586Z","signature_b64":"Dl05eEWHdXIwJ3V2a+RYhbPYgZMirclgmu6rT2645/PN+P/Yeu0Yx2TcKR+lptWSksJJ6lYeUafW5CIKegCMAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"243312532a92161aab4cc461274135a9742e834d36665bcbe730962e4a4d7574","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:34.249825Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:34.249825Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1704.01352","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"icv5+Kcsfe+VxeWB+XMaOahWy/GWxPx87CWXHo0/2iuAGhBVGsycgrcZJ4WU4BAd34N2H+B0oD25mUogKriIDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T23:24:04.023250Z"},"content_sha256":"87e68a95e94561f8512bc8a497c8b8588288ba30b57e5eec57e5f41e8f19cf47","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:87e68a95e94561f8512bc8a497c8b8588288ba30b57e5eec57e5f41e8f19cf47"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:EQZREUZKSILBVK2MYRQSOQJVVF","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Formation of the first three gravitational-wave observations through isolated binary evolution","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["gr-qc"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Alejandro Vigna-G\\'omez, Coenraad J. Neijssel, David Perkins, Ilya Mandel, Jim W. Barrett, Selma E. de Mink, Simon Stevenson","submitted_at":"2017-04-05T10:18:16Z","abstract_excerpt":"During its first 4 months of taking data, Advanced LIGO has detected gravitational waves from two binary black hole mergers, GW150914 and GW151226, along with the statistically less significant binary black hole merger candidate LVT151012. We use our rapid binary population synthesis code COMPAS to show that all three events can be explained by a single evolutionary channel -- classical isolated binary evolution via mass transfer including a common envelope phase. We show all three events could have formed in low-metallicity environments (Z = 0.001) from progenitor binaries with typical total "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1704.01352","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:34Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"wFYT0n9dDfCV/xCtOneDq4SDzPS4usjc4Vrfd/VvFTNBC3iKTqii+nZIbEWyR9e946TUyXslu5IUZEMzZS/kBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T23:24:04.023744Z"},"content_sha256":"8b24a0ac2fc436b93e405145d03fb1e80f511c124c120177d584fa53c24bce21","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8b24a0ac2fc436b93e405145d03fb1e80f511c124c120177d584fa53c24bce21"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EQZREUZKSILBVK2MYRQSOQJVVF/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EQZREUZKSILBVK2MYRQSOQJVVF/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EQZREUZKSILBVK2MYRQSOQJVVF/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T23:24:04Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/EQZREUZKSILBVK2MYRQSOQJVVF","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/EQZREUZKSILBVK2MYRQSOQJVVF/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/EQZREUZKSILBVK2MYRQSOQJVVF/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EQZREUZKSILBVK2MYRQSOQJVVF/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:EQZREUZKSILBVK2MYRQSOQJVVF","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"28c7ea94840f70f5df0ef1bdb9c4b0526742cdb7fa0866c625824d415a86abf4","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2017-04-05T10:18:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"33b69b039a25ad089ddffae1c4af1a2abddf17c97f33d20912b562bc4bcb3f2a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1704.01352","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1704.01352","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1704.01352v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1704.01352","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:34Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EQZREUZKSILB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EQZREUZKSILBVK2M","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EQZREUZK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:12Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:8b24a0ac2fc436b93e405145d03fb1e80f511c124c120177d584fa53c24bce21","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"During its first 4 months of taking data, Advanced LIGO has detected gravitational waves from two binary black hole mergers, GW150914 and GW151226, along with the statistically less significant binary black hole merger candidate LVT151012. We use our rapid binary population synthesis code COMPAS to show that all three events can be explained by a single evolutionary channel -- classical isolated binary evolution via mass transfer including a common envelope phase. We show all three events could have formed in low-metallicity environments (Z = 0.001) from progenitor binaries with typical total ","authors_text":"Alejandro Vigna-G\\'omez, Coenraad J. Neijssel, David Perkins, Ilya Mandel, Jim W. Barrett, Selma E. de Mink, Simon Stevenson","cross_cats":["gr-qc"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2017-04-05T10:18:16Z","title":"Formation of the first three gravitational-wave observations through isolated binary evolution"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1704.01352","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:87e68a95e94561f8512bc8a497c8b8588288ba30b57e5eec57e5f41e8f19cf47","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:34Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"28c7ea94840f70f5df0ef1bdb9c4b0526742cdb7fa0866c625824d415a86abf4","cross_cats_sorted":["gr-qc"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2017-04-05T10:18:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"33b69b039a25ad089ddffae1c4af1a2abddf17c97f33d20912b562bc4bcb3f2a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1704.01352","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"243312532a92161aab4cc461274135a9742e834d36665bcbe730962e4a4d7574","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"243312532a92161aab4cc461274135a9742e834d36665bcbe730962e4a4d7574","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:34.249825Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:34.249825Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Dl05eEWHdXIwJ3V2a+RYhbPYgZMirclgmu6rT2645/PN+P/Yeu0Yx2TcKR+lptWSksJJ6lYeUafW5CIKegCMAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:46:34.250586Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1704.01352","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:87e68a95e94561f8512bc8a497c8b8588288ba30b57e5eec57e5f41e8f19cf47","sha256:8b24a0ac2fc436b93e405145d03fb1e80f511c124c120177d584fa53c24bce21"],"state_sha256":"e9283521a09ae4d892119ba80eb70ac96a15359eaa1b6b6b31bd91ed3b950295"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"XBcuMNR1zW5pY3LPo4MsvOKvoLuGcLPIhlwLpmfbwCIUHWbo8Vqoxj6bpWSOoD5RTFQw7XMeBoKxHMY04paQBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T23:24:04.026705Z","bundle_sha256":"580207ddc99fb6e6a3465dadff67c661368c8b01c0db8633299236a9d23af03d"}}