{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:ETCQA2BKTL5GITPPFOFWSMVXK2","short_pith_number":"pith:ETCQA2BK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1709.05073","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","submitted_at":"2017-09-15T06:53:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"2dc473b5cea0973e2b7dfe74c028e5c9e91630c2a9f0fe0df19d8ecfd119fd4f","abstract_canon_sha256":"c039d84220e8d6ffd78afaee4be39312f12f485b354868bea1a9215685c46575"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"24c500682a9afa644def2b8b6932b756bebd503ef430321adcd3146db307cdd7","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1709.05073","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1709.05073","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1709.05073v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1709.05073","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ETCQA2BKTL5G","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ETCQA2BKTL5GITPP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ETCQA2BK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:12Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:ETCQA2BKTL5GITPPFOFWSMVXK2","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1709.05073","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","submitted_at":"2017-09-15T06:53:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"2dc473b5cea0973e2b7dfe74c028e5c9e91630c2a9f0fe0df19d8ecfd119fd4f","abstract_canon_sha256":"c039d84220e8d6ffd78afaee4be39312f12f485b354868bea1a9215685c46575"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"24c500682a9afa644def2b8b6932b756bebd503ef430321adcd3146db307cdd7","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:09.844817Z","signature_b64":"x3JJPMeLw+KfH+6Tz9jYNjE6gBNYvhDPDym3gqmoEe7/5XC7dw+4uSuyo7tmruP8ZJCt0iZMG7Ue1nToIvXPCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"24c500682a9afa644def2b8b6932b756bebd503ef430321adcd3146db307cdd7","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:09.844186Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:09.844186Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1709.05073","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rvO4z1qud/GInXxFaAvPhQ8bdI1nV8pB0iVsuISVtQfnTkv6gdmTuH4M6F19wA4KIgt80CMVW0b2Rt5xNKWiBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T13:29:56.479880Z"},"content_sha256":"71a4f5dbe357bfae0d0d100179ae988fe957f3a143cea4a4b09b7a7b507380e8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:71a4f5dbe357bfae0d0d100179ae988fe957f3a143cea4a4b09b7a7b507380e8"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:ETCQA2BKTL5GITPPFOFWSMVXK2","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Theory of voltammetry in charged porous media","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","authors_text":"Edwin Khoo, Martin Z. Bazant","submitted_at":"2017-09-15T06:53:30Z","abstract_excerpt":"We couple the Leaky Membrane Model, which describes the diffusion and electromigration of ions in a homogenized porous medium of fixed background charge, with Butler-Volmer reaction kinetics for flat electrodes separated by such a medium in a simple mathematical theory of voltammetry. The model is illustrated for the prototypical case of copper electro-deposition/dissolution in aqueous charged porous media. We first consider the steady state with three different experimentally relevant boundary conditions and derive analytical or semi-analytical expressions for concentration profiles, electric"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1709.05073","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"upibLLKODfVyeiG1j+MJWxkziiU6yFGguLoquMf4M8p0LkqGm1N6HCBSrOvszPNvUDvVnt00OX1PahaiUi7ZCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T13:29:56.480217Z"},"content_sha256":"6ec5f07b939c8ad15ba88a81a54dcdf1a62c47fc036af81d5c2108ae63436590","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6ec5f07b939c8ad15ba88a81a54dcdf1a62c47fc036af81d5c2108ae63436590"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ETCQA2BKTL5GITPPFOFWSMVXK2/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ETCQA2BKTL5GITPPFOFWSMVXK2/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ETCQA2BKTL5GITPPFOFWSMVXK2/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T13:29:56Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ETCQA2BKTL5GITPPFOFWSMVXK2","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ETCQA2BKTL5GITPPFOFWSMVXK2/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ETCQA2BKTL5GITPPFOFWSMVXK2/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ETCQA2BKTL5GITPPFOFWSMVXK2/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:ETCQA2BKTL5GITPPFOFWSMVXK2","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c039d84220e8d6ffd78afaee4be39312f12f485b354868bea1a9215685c46575","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","submitted_at":"2017-09-15T06:53:30Z","title_canon_sha256":"2dc473b5cea0973e2b7dfe74c028e5c9e91630c2a9f0fe0df19d8ecfd119fd4f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1709.05073","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1709.05073","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1709.05073v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1709.05073","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ETCQA2BKTL5G","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ETCQA2BKTL5GITPP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ETCQA2BK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:12Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6ec5f07b939c8ad15ba88a81a54dcdf1a62c47fc036af81d5c2108ae63436590","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We couple the Leaky Membrane Model, which describes the diffusion and electromigration of ions in a homogenized porous medium of fixed background charge, with Butler-Volmer reaction kinetics for flat electrodes separated by such a medium in a simple mathematical theory of voltammetry. The model is illustrated for the prototypical case of copper electro-deposition/dissolution in aqueous charged porous media. We first consider the steady state with three different experimentally relevant boundary conditions and derive analytical or semi-analytical expressions for concentration profiles, electric","authors_text":"Edwin Khoo, Martin Z. Bazant","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","submitted_at":"2017-09-15T06:53:30Z","title":"Theory of voltammetry in charged porous media"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1709.05073","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:71a4f5dbe357bfae0d0d100179ae988fe957f3a143cea4a4b09b7a7b507380e8","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c039d84220e8d6ffd78afaee4be39312f12f485b354868bea1a9215685c46575","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","submitted_at":"2017-09-15T06:53:30Z","title_canon_sha256":"2dc473b5cea0973e2b7dfe74c028e5c9e91630c2a9f0fe0df19d8ecfd119fd4f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1709.05073","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"24c500682a9afa644def2b8b6932b756bebd503ef430321adcd3146db307cdd7","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"24c500682a9afa644def2b8b6932b756bebd503ef430321adcd3146db307cdd7","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:09.844186Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:09.844186Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"x3JJPMeLw+KfH+6Tz9jYNjE6gBNYvhDPDym3gqmoEe7/5XC7dw+4uSuyo7tmruP8ZJCt0iZMG7Ue1nToIvXPCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:24:09.844817Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1709.05073","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:71a4f5dbe357bfae0d0d100179ae988fe957f3a143cea4a4b09b7a7b507380e8","sha256:6ec5f07b939c8ad15ba88a81a54dcdf1a62c47fc036af81d5c2108ae63436590"],"state_sha256":"a0c9e5861a0f3e6e935b2dc76a7a5abe6fead9a01a45f8f7c113f12d192d3fd6"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UUhjl5PIRmNADy+lKHf66g6of1SQWij6dyY0CECYesEpMK83hIkqipbJZ+RuQYKoKWgilTncHZBqwDPNVJGgAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T13:29:56.482094Z","bundle_sha256":"1f66b7db8843a4c8720088ed334ab65fa2b7de901bd2074d74b80fb307873fa6"}}