{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:ETO5N4YIPSHBWI4ICSG5NHILUX","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6f262113de94482d055fc844815bfbedea5f07a86e45a3ede9e0cf293f4b99f9","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2016-03-29T14:15:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"6f24240f39b91e3635bf4b0d007dfc758ed3fa86cb7abae6bdd733c6f5dbcdfa"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1603.08781","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1603.08781","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1603.08781v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1603.08781","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ETO5N4YIPSHB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ETO5N4YIPSHBWI4I","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ETO5N4YI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:15Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6c17ad2d81b5274e05044a60f0394fbb2048ca005c2a006ad492c1c376fb94e1","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:32Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Visualizing individual charges confined to molecules and observing their dynamics with high spatial resolution is a challenge for advancing various fields in science, ranging from mesoscopic physics to electron transfer events in biological molecules. We show here, that the high sensitivity of low-energy electrons to local electric fields can be employed to directly visualize individual charged adsorbates and to study their behaviour in a quantitative way. This makes electron holography a unique probing tool for directly visualising charge distributions with a sensitivity of a fraction of an e","authors_text":"Conrad Escher, Flavio Wicki, Hans-Werner Fink, Jean-Nicolas Longchamp, Tatiana Latychevskaia","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2016-03-29T14:15:20Z","title":"Direct observation of individual charges and their dynamics on graphene by low-energy electron holography"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1603.08781","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e4d6e4d9f1f94ab5674d9c3f85ec57183298ed556b5647d03d2888220349de95","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:32Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6f262113de94482d055fc844815bfbedea5f07a86e45a3ede9e0cf293f4b99f9","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2016-03-29T14:15:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"6f24240f39b91e3635bf4b0d007dfc758ed3fa86cb7abae6bdd733c6f5dbcdfa"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1603.08781","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"24ddd6f3087c8e1b2388148dd69d0ba5e52e41129e2d0c9d376b551b56930b84","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"24ddd6f3087c8e1b2388148dd69d0ba5e52e41129e2d0c9d376b551b56930b84","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:32.872007Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:32.872007Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"W36QWTVmveD251zv2Vpd0GuKGgU3Ug8x2hCIkkyv9jWT1oUAlH5LjXhN7yCI16fCk3+fgpNaslrU/EzY6NKfBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:32.872800Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1603.08781","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e4d6e4d9f1f94ab5674d9c3f85ec57183298ed556b5647d03d2888220349de95","sha256:6c17ad2d81b5274e05044a60f0394fbb2048ca005c2a006ad492c1c376fb94e1"],"state_sha256":"d7c5622eea4650de5b72558db8e8943f99376e0cd63ca81a1e35f5654828c226"}