{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:EXS4F7XYAZLCP4YSNBFAISQROZ","short_pith_number":"pith:EXS4F7XY","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2006.09418","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2020-06-16T18:02:35Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.str-el"],"title_canon_sha256":"a0fc411cf4d64038f70eccdc247e2e6647b957a222cf47d343b1bfb6910b22bc","abstract_canon_sha256":"387e40ac12c4dde2fdd06ab5bf9bf77421aa6e97c9340a331fb10e6ee76b021c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"25e5c2fef8065627f312684a044a117641484b34da510d0fa38a7d04092bd7e3","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2006.09418","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2006.09418","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2006.09418v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2006.09418","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EXS4F7XYAZLC","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EXS4F7XYAZLCP4YS","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EXS4F7XY","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:EXS4F7XYAZLCP4YSNBFAISQROZ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2006.09418","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2020-06-16T18:02:35Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.str-el"],"title_canon_sha256":"a0fc411cf4d64038f70eccdc247e2e6647b957a222cf47d343b1bfb6910b22bc","abstract_canon_sha256":"387e40ac12c4dde2fdd06ab5bf9bf77421aa6e97c9340a331fb10e6ee76b021c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"25e5c2fef8065627f312684a044a117641484b34da510d0fa38a7d04092bd7e3","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09.149398Z","signature_b64":"EnX3wOSGC9YaRrYOGHoypl5BJR956IZsx0zthaa+A8p/E0H/RJKpX9KE7SgJhZ2cyC1Ierp0PuFvn0pzWXc+AA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"25e5c2fef8065627f312684a044a117641484b34da510d0fa38a7d04092bd7e3","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09.148891Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09.148891Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2006.09418","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kvUNE7eZR4bcFvs3Lg69lvJ17Y7Yt8tTARzpzjGgVoZgiaSCowOiO4C3CUcV6FGIbTR6G1IAz9Eo8kzekcVeBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T00:15:16.239020Z"},"content_sha256":"b7e7be675f44d8d3f699beab549d9f57b2d722be29e339a991c1b296ba226cd7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b7e7be675f44d8d3f699beab549d9f57b2d722be29e339a991c1b296ba226cd7"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:EXS4F7XYAZLCP4YSNBFAISQROZ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"QED driven QAOA for network-flow optimization","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.str-el"],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Andrew C. Potter, Ruizhe Zhang, Yuxuan Zhang","submitted_at":"2020-06-16T18:02:35Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present a general framework for modifying quantum approximate optimization algorithms (QAOA) to solve constrained network flow problems. By exploiting an analogy between flow constraints and Gauss's law for electromagnetism, we design lattice quantum electrodynamics (QED) inspired mixing Hamiltonians that preserve flow constraints throughout the QAOA process. This results in an exponential reduction in the size of the configuration space that needs to be explored, which we show through numerical simulations, yields higher quality approximate solutions compared to the original QAOA routine. "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2006.09418","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2006.09418/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"mIxBhjtmZO4dR0T8fB8Sm5vs5neskm9pQIqY+76Orpxl82hOVPG4hSyakCpvXC00qIEZMXN8qTpzZ/yZFV4VCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T00:15:16.239539Z"},"content_sha256":"8412a0e7e251fa2ce22eb303c6d30e0f6e3964e71bcf4130919efde561637e6b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8412a0e7e251fa2ce22eb303c6d30e0f6e3964e71bcf4130919efde561637e6b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EXS4F7XYAZLCP4YSNBFAISQROZ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EXS4F7XYAZLCP4YSNBFAISQROZ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EXS4F7XYAZLCP4YSNBFAISQROZ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-08T00:15:16Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/EXS4F7XYAZLCP4YSNBFAISQROZ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/EXS4F7XYAZLCP4YSNBFAISQROZ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/EXS4F7XYAZLCP4YSNBFAISQROZ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EXS4F7XYAZLCP4YSNBFAISQROZ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:EXS4F7XYAZLCP4YSNBFAISQROZ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"387e40ac12c4dde2fdd06ab5bf9bf77421aa6e97c9340a331fb10e6ee76b021c","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.str-el"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2020-06-16T18:02:35Z","title_canon_sha256":"a0fc411cf4d64038f70eccdc247e2e6647b957a222cf47d343b1bfb6910b22bc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2006.09418","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2006.09418","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2006.09418v3","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2006.09418","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EXS4F7XYAZLC","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EXS4F7XYAZLCP4YS","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EXS4F7XY","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:8412a0e7e251fa2ce22eb303c6d30e0f6e3964e71bcf4130919efde561637e6b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2006.09418/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present a general framework for modifying quantum approximate optimization algorithms (QAOA) to solve constrained network flow problems. By exploiting an analogy between flow constraints and Gauss's law for electromagnetism, we design lattice quantum electrodynamics (QED) inspired mixing Hamiltonians that preserve flow constraints throughout the QAOA process. This results in an exponential reduction in the size of the configuration space that needs to be explored, which we show through numerical simulations, yields higher quality approximate solutions compared to the original QAOA routine. ","authors_text":"Andrew C. Potter, Ruizhe Zhang, Yuxuan Zhang","cross_cats":["cond-mat.str-el"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2020-06-16T18:02:35Z","title":"QED driven QAOA for network-flow optimization"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2006.09418","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b7e7be675f44d8d3f699beab549d9f57b2d722be29e339a991c1b296ba226cd7","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"387e40ac12c4dde2fdd06ab5bf9bf77421aa6e97c9340a331fb10e6ee76b021c","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.str-el"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2020-06-16T18:02:35Z","title_canon_sha256":"a0fc411cf4d64038f70eccdc247e2e6647b957a222cf47d343b1bfb6910b22bc"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2006.09418","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"25e5c2fef8065627f312684a044a117641484b34da510d0fa38a7d04092bd7e3","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"25e5c2fef8065627f312684a044a117641484b34da510d0fa38a7d04092bd7e3","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09.148891Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09.148891Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"EnX3wOSGC9YaRrYOGHoypl5BJR956IZsx0zthaa+A8p/E0H/RJKpX9KE7SgJhZ2cyC1Ierp0PuFvn0pzWXc+AA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:01:09.149398Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2006.09418","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b7e7be675f44d8d3f699beab549d9f57b2d722be29e339a991c1b296ba226cd7","sha256:8412a0e7e251fa2ce22eb303c6d30e0f6e3964e71bcf4130919efde561637e6b"],"state_sha256":"ab3463ee2407c666f03a85e54c7f987d66462de2b4fd99f778e7609d9547a393"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"olmAXvYRuDa1rk56FFvZQ/bQXKU5SFo605IkcxMqgKN3NsPmlwm0HnNxkuGHNNqaB3/wRDZUVAQR9TBv1dPBCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T00:15:16.244209Z","bundle_sha256":"64a4a664364d71c78a34aca907854e16b417621605192979b31e0c0e82042817"}}