{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:EY23MSIKH3MFPVRB46RIE7FACA","short_pith_number":"pith:EY23MSIK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1408.0035","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2014-07-31T21:46:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3da0a18ad54f2115375f11819f34204beb5e34f027718fc13a202b11a3ffbd30","abstract_canon_sha256":"47c3a7f7979f0877df9948f8dc0fab1e53b33fbc8beb210016b3d138bff894cd"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2635b6490a3ed857d621e7a2827ca0102a418a2bcc96b951c5d6ebc6cd4f23e7","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1408.0035","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1408.0035","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1408.0035v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1408.0035","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EY23MSIKH3MF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EY23MSIKH3MFPVRB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EY23MSIK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:28Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:EY23MSIKH3MFPVRB46RIE7FACA","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1408.0035","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2014-07-31T21:46:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3da0a18ad54f2115375f11819f34204beb5e34f027718fc13a202b11a3ffbd30","abstract_canon_sha256":"47c3a7f7979f0877df9948f8dc0fab1e53b33fbc8beb210016b3d138bff894cd"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2635b6490a3ed857d621e7a2827ca0102a418a2bcc96b951c5d6ebc6cd4f23e7","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:26.511301Z","signature_b64":"CwysyoSM1mcr1zeYtxbTUwIXohKEZBOA8pcnBMaxOFQrs+KXKCUsvRPT+q38g6gZPnHFfnID8H4IXKWkafZaAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"2635b6490a3ed857d621e7a2827ca0102a418a2bcc96b951c5d6ebc6cd4f23e7","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:26.510772Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:26.510772Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1408.0035","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:26Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LzDTHvRYHT7ibpjpVR1e1p2fkIO5P+b4yIJpOhKJkaQFhZzqNV+D4nPVkCa5ZMXJIcR50BBytgn56E0/W99mCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-07T16:11:45.783684Z"},"content_sha256":"254dc849e483b8c2079a72b2f56db2af7afa043b126a9eee3d7a68fa3298684c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:254dc849e483b8c2079a72b2f56db2af7afa043b126a9eee3d7a68fa3298684c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:EY23MSIKH3MFPVRB46RIE7FACA","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Effects of Meridional Flow Variations on Solar Cycles 23 and 24","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"David H. Hathaway, Lisa Upton","submitted_at":"2014-07-31T21:46:40Z","abstract_excerpt":"The faster meridional flow that preceded the solar cycle 23/24 minimum is thought to have led to weaker polar field strengths, producing the extended solar minimum and the unusually weak cycle 24. To determine the impact of meridional flow variations on the sunspot cycle, we have simulated the Sun's surface magnetic field evolution with our newly developed surface flux transport model. We investigate three different cases: a constant average meridional flow, the observed time-varying meridional flow, and a time-varying meridional flow in which the observed variations from the average have been"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1408.0035","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:26Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"cEhjE7voS0NXVz+lU2of7AWyX9ovzuNHXcnRnWaw2PLcd7jx2lhJOXeycE6ViQPdwDPrINgNoq5ko4gonxBfDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-07T16:11:45.784336Z"},"content_sha256":"57d272464654c6f1c213a1018cbe2325aac8aa38dd6bcbe86c676c068ee50b8f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:57d272464654c6f1c213a1018cbe2325aac8aa38dd6bcbe86c676c068ee50b8f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EY23MSIKH3MFPVRB46RIE7FACA/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/EY23MSIKH3MFPVRB46RIE7FACA/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EY23MSIKH3MFPVRB46RIE7FACA/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-07T16:11:45Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/EY23MSIKH3MFPVRB46RIE7FACA","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/EY23MSIKH3MFPVRB46RIE7FACA/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/EY23MSIKH3MFPVRB46RIE7FACA/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/EY23MSIKH3MFPVRB46RIE7FACA/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:EY23MSIKH3MFPVRB46RIE7FACA","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"47c3a7f7979f0877df9948f8dc0fab1e53b33fbc8beb210016b3d138bff894cd","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2014-07-31T21:46:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"3da0a18ad54f2115375f11819f34204beb5e34f027718fc13a202b11a3ffbd30"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1408.0035","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1408.0035","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1408.0035v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1408.0035","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:26Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"EY23MSIKH3MF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"EY23MSIKH3MFPVRB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"EY23MSIK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:28Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:57d272464654c6f1c213a1018cbe2325aac8aa38dd6bcbe86c676c068ee50b8f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:26Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The faster meridional flow that preceded the solar cycle 23/24 minimum is thought to have led to weaker polar field strengths, producing the extended solar minimum and the unusually weak cycle 24. To determine the impact of meridional flow variations on the sunspot cycle, we have simulated the Sun's surface magnetic field evolution with our newly developed surface flux transport model. We investigate three different cases: a constant average meridional flow, the observed time-varying meridional flow, and a time-varying meridional flow in which the observed variations from the average have been","authors_text":"David H. Hathaway, Lisa Upton","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2014-07-31T21:46:40Z","title":"Effects of Meridional Flow Variations on Solar Cycles 23 and 24"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1408.0035","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:254dc849e483b8c2079a72b2f56db2af7afa043b126a9eee3d7a68fa3298684c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:26Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"47c3a7f7979f0877df9948f8dc0fab1e53b33fbc8beb210016b3d138bff894cd","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2014-07-31T21:46:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"3da0a18ad54f2115375f11819f34204beb5e34f027718fc13a202b11a3ffbd30"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1408.0035","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"2635b6490a3ed857d621e7a2827ca0102a418a2bcc96b951c5d6ebc6cd4f23e7","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"2635b6490a3ed857d621e7a2827ca0102a418a2bcc96b951c5d6ebc6cd4f23e7","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:26.510772Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:26.510772Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"CwysyoSM1mcr1zeYtxbTUwIXohKEZBOA8pcnBMaxOFQrs+KXKCUsvRPT+q38g6gZPnHFfnID8H4IXKWkafZaAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:26.511301Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1408.0035","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:254dc849e483b8c2079a72b2f56db2af7afa043b126a9eee3d7a68fa3298684c","sha256:57d272464654c6f1c213a1018cbe2325aac8aa38dd6bcbe86c676c068ee50b8f"],"state_sha256":"03f6c65ba84ee6b2a6dc748652a32d159999a2fe5b65fd97bade2730392ed72e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zu5ULDQKM1DmA2o9vOPHnkBS4Al+eVy4R3P09UQYz6lV4dfG88eCO7ZPoU4iU73Lh7SbRFYy/JuEP2DccoGoAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-07T16:11:45.787550Z","bundle_sha256":"b006784aa8f2291e60b884c6038eeb251eccf141ce0a8a18a10f67308e58502d"}}