{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:F6FP46VRRUTZP63AHDW7B3LLNJ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a99552c83ce6d46db46fce34091d45efec2b21b90cac21bbf15dc11d5924044a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2014-02-12T18:24:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"d98e3b4395362cf27030d6c3720b8a4b5a8b025577b4a7574e2199f1a4a6567f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1402.2919","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1402.2919","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:59:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1402.2919v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:59:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1402.2919","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:59:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"F6FP46VRRUTZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"F6FP46VRRUTZP63A","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:28Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"F6FP46VR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:28Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:2e799818aac7b2c219a1c8a742ceb55b7910a83784fbbb9c3f41942739731451","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:59:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"It is commonly believed that the most general type of a quantum-mechanical measurement is one described by a positive-operator valued measure (POVM). In the present paper, this statement is proven for any measurements on quantum systems with a finite-dimensional state space. The proof of POVM nature of an arbitrary measurement is carried out using a purely operational approach, which is fully ignorant about what is inside a measurement apparatus. The suggested approach gives also an opportunity to derive the Born rule.","authors_text":"A. V. Nenashev","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2014-02-12T18:24:20Z","title":"Quantum-mechanical measurement apparatus as a black box"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1402.2919","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8bb5c78946a29a26004592b88285c77e6262932b53a0665e5ead4d16b1bc18a0","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:59:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a99552c83ce6d46db46fce34091d45efec2b21b90cac21bbf15dc11d5924044a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2014-02-12T18:24:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"d98e3b4395362cf27030d6c3720b8a4b5a8b025577b4a7574e2199f1a4a6567f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1402.2919","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"2f8afe7ab18d2797fb6038edf0ed6b6a4293ef80425cef883bf5ef351df0ddce","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"2f8afe7ab18d2797fb6038edf0ed6b6a4293ef80425cef883bf5ef351df0ddce","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:59:16.937896Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:59:16.937896Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"BZ37BFZvXQFh3+WCW9AP/8tRTe9+77vNZ2f/90xbZn+csliKPhZp+22mq9kBHSBhAZa6yx52TggsTSKNkNhhDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:59:16.938440Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1402.2919","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8bb5c78946a29a26004592b88285c77e6262932b53a0665e5ead4d16b1bc18a0","sha256:2e799818aac7b2c219a1c8a742ceb55b7910a83784fbbb9c3f41942739731451"],"state_sha256":"9af6f7a63292a532af510ccdbd232ca008a5be4969345cafc02864c7af5165de"}