{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2018:FEXCDLU53JTINLLZ2MMSEHSMGZ","short_pith_number":"pith:FEXCDLU5","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"292e21ae9dda6686ad79d319221e4c365d59cce97ca8f5b198783b17b6d032b3","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1812.00802","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"A Hybrid Beamforming Receiver with Two-Stage Analog Combining and Low-Resolution ADCs","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["math.IT"],"primary_cat":"cs.IT","authors_text":"Brian L. Evans, Gilwon Lee, Jinseok Choi","submitted_at":"2018-11-30T06:47:28Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we propose a two-stage analog combining architecture for millimeter wave (mmWave) communications with hybrid analog/digital beamforming and low-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). We first derive a two-stage combining solution by solving a mutual information (MI) maximization problem without a constant modulus constraint on analog combiners. With the derived solution, the proposed receiver architecture splits the analog combining into a channel gain aggregation stage followed by a spreading stage to maximize the MI by effectively managing quantization error. We show "},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1812.00802","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IT","submitted_at":"2018-11-30T06:47:28Z","cross_cats_sorted":["math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"ef1701c659c520cf9603e305b1bd7c743017ba9a888964c7af7cd7b53ef3a9bb","abstract_canon_sha256":"5b86d4dc486901c04ad04c01eaa610cec9c10e15cb8a69260ffe6d5a924eb5a3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:18.964621Z","signature_b64":"YustXdMP56HDGjHnD6xAXwy6dcez9kVHzeCdrQNNCsqX5fZPgWO5vo/2yOJ7SiJnolMtd2L81ZjLEWigUqmYBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"292e21ae9dda6686ad79d319221e4c365d59cce97ca8f5b198783b17b6d032b3","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:18.964073Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:18.964073Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Hybrid Beamforming Receiver with Two-Stage Analog Combining and Low-Resolution ADCs","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["math.IT"],"primary_cat":"cs.IT","authors_text":"Brian L. Evans, Gilwon Lee, Jinseok Choi","submitted_at":"2018-11-30T06:47:28Z","abstract_excerpt":"In this paper, we propose a two-stage analog combining architecture for millimeter wave (mmWave) communications with hybrid analog/digital beamforming and low-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). We first derive a two-stage combining solution by solving a mutual information (MI) maximization problem without a constant modulus constraint on analog combiners. With the derived solution, the proposed receiver architecture splits the analog combining into a channel gain aggregation stage followed by a spreading stage to maximize the MI by effectively managing quantization error. We show "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1812.00802","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1812.00802","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:18.964151+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1812.00802v1","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:18.964151+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1812.00802","created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:18.964151+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FEXCDLU53JTI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:22.470017+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FEXCDLU53JTINLLZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:22.470017+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FEXCDLU5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:22.470017+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/FEXCDLU53JTINLLZ2MMSEHSMGZ","json":"https://pith.science/pith/FEXCDLU53JTINLLZ2MMSEHSMGZ.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/FEXCDLU53JTINLLZ2MMSEHSMGZ/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/FEXCDLU53JTINLLZ2MMSEHSMGZ/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/FEXCDLU5"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/FEXCDLU53JTINLLZ2MMSEHSMGZ","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/FEXCDLU53JTINLLZ2MMSEHSMGZ.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/FEXCDLU5","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1812.00802&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/FEXCDLU53JTINLLZ2MMSEHSMGZ/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/FEXCDLU53JTINLLZ2MMSEHSMGZ/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/FEXCDLU53JTINLLZ2MMSEHSMGZ/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/FEXCDLU53JTINLLZ2MMSEHSMGZ/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/FEXCDLU53JTINLLZ2MMSEHSMGZ/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/FEXCDLU53JTINLLZ2MMSEHSMGZ/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/FEXCDLU53JTINLLZ2MMSEHSMGZ/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:18.964151+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-17T23:59:18.964151+00:00"}