{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:FGXJR47UK2FHY2N4SLJRCOUT6D","short_pith_number":"pith:FGXJR47U","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1912.01999","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.pop-ph","submitted_at":"2019-12-03T14:18:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c1005b10223e344a7e5dfd13f0fe6d9644a83bcabccde9c2b8863b80ef283c23","abstract_canon_sha256":"bf2924940338a0c91643031a070030195eb7f17e6b033c54a61f8b0fac42708c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"29ae98f3f4568a7c69bc92d3113a93f0f161a921f8343afeacb213977664f136","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1912.01999","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1912.01999","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1912.01999v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1912.01999","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FGXJR47UK2FH","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FGXJR47UK2FHY2N4","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FGXJR47U","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:FGXJR47UK2FHY2N4SLJRCOUT6D","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1912.01999","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.pop-ph","submitted_at":"2019-12-03T14:18:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c1005b10223e344a7e5dfd13f0fe6d9644a83bcabccde9c2b8863b80ef283c23","abstract_canon_sha256":"bf2924940338a0c91643031a070030195eb7f17e6b033c54a61f8b0fac42708c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"29ae98f3f4568a7c69bc92d3113a93f0f161a921f8343afeacb213977664f136","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56.805496Z","signature_b64":"gCpqqh+G69IAOuDzVVZt6dMcoPVI3UlJWbQSgfAJKm4u+2fAqfS2NqxABlJEDh5vQhcxJ0XfakMfv/NMMDcIAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"29ae98f3f4568a7c69bc92d3113a93f0f161a921f8343afeacb213977664f136","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56.805077Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56.805077Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1912.01999","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7z+aibNAFbX+qt3eJgoFMhM+OlaDwTegLy6U3DXYS5JuwyDXuUDg/OjKJIzVrh3DDa9DiAb6bSPVdkA2IRSQDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-05T15:44:00.073426Z"},"content_sha256":"b451b8ee65235c452f2f688edf938fa8bdf401f51b2bf16ae9de0d949bbb7d00","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b451b8ee65235c452f2f688edf938fa8bdf401f51b2bf16ae9de0d949bbb7d00"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:FGXJR47UK2FHY2N4SLJRCOUT6D","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"To beer or not to beer: does tapping beer cans prevent beer loss? A randomised controlled trial","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.pop-ph","authors_text":"Elizaveta Sopina, Elliot J. Brown, Irina E. Antonescu, Jamie O Halloran, Melissa G. Beach, Morten M. Jensen, Philipp Weber, Ryan Pulleyblank, Simon V. Pedersen, Thomas Hansen, Torben Hoejland, Wade Thompson","submitted_at":"2019-12-03T14:18:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"Objective: Preventing or minimising beer loss when opening a can of beer is socially and economically desirable. One theoretically grounded approach is tapping the can prior to opening, although this has never been rigorously evaluated. We aimed to evaluate the effect of tapping a can of beer on beer loss. Methods: Single centre parallel-group randomised controlled trial. 1031 cans of cans of beer of 330mL were randomised into one of four groups before the experiment: unshaken/untapped (n=256), unshaken/tapped (n=251), shaken/untapped (n=249), or shaken/tapped (n=244). The intervention was tap"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1912.01999","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1912.01999/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"GvaygSV9Q/kVlRsUOAeI5rqjgmI4L8u+yT8eRUwguN1nXBWXLohW2N4Bm11BZpbqP+zWUTQkXOC+PSz1SaOdAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-05T15:44:00.074036Z"},"content_sha256":"0297c1b03073e302fa13c73a9c5a2c6b0b63fd36535edfa03b72b88d118637b4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0297c1b03073e302fa13c73a9c5a2c6b0b63fd36535edfa03b72b88d118637b4"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/FGXJR47UK2FHY2N4SLJRCOUT6D/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/FGXJR47UK2FHY2N4SLJRCOUT6D/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/FGXJR47UK2FHY2N4SLJRCOUT6D/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-05T15:44:00Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/FGXJR47UK2FHY2N4SLJRCOUT6D","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/FGXJR47UK2FHY2N4SLJRCOUT6D/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/FGXJR47UK2FHY2N4SLJRCOUT6D/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/FGXJR47UK2FHY2N4SLJRCOUT6D/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:FGXJR47UK2FHY2N4SLJRCOUT6D","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bf2924940338a0c91643031a070030195eb7f17e6b033c54a61f8b0fac42708c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.pop-ph","submitted_at":"2019-12-03T14:18:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"c1005b10223e344a7e5dfd13f0fe6d9644a83bcabccde9c2b8863b80ef283c23"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1912.01999","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1912.01999","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1912.01999v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1912.01999","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FGXJR47UK2FH","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FGXJR47UK2FHY2N4","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FGXJR47U","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0297c1b03073e302fa13c73a9c5a2c6b0b63fd36535edfa03b72b88d118637b4","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1912.01999/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Objective: Preventing or minimising beer loss when opening a can of beer is socially and economically desirable. One theoretically grounded approach is tapping the can prior to opening, although this has never been rigorously evaluated. We aimed to evaluate the effect of tapping a can of beer on beer loss. Methods: Single centre parallel-group randomised controlled trial. 1031 cans of cans of beer of 330mL were randomised into one of four groups before the experiment: unshaken/untapped (n=256), unshaken/tapped (n=251), shaken/untapped (n=249), or shaken/tapped (n=244). The intervention was tap","authors_text":"Elizaveta Sopina, Elliot J. Brown, Irina E. Antonescu, Jamie O Halloran, Melissa G. Beach, Morten M. Jensen, Philipp Weber, Ryan Pulleyblank, Simon V. Pedersen, Thomas Hansen, Torben Hoejland, Wade Thompson","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.pop-ph","submitted_at":"2019-12-03T14:18:56Z","title":"To beer or not to beer: does tapping beer cans prevent beer loss? A randomised controlled trial"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1912.01999","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b451b8ee65235c452f2f688edf938fa8bdf401f51b2bf16ae9de0d949bbb7d00","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bf2924940338a0c91643031a070030195eb7f17e6b033c54a61f8b0fac42708c","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.pop-ph","submitted_at":"2019-12-03T14:18:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"c1005b10223e344a7e5dfd13f0fe6d9644a83bcabccde9c2b8863b80ef283c23"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1912.01999","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"29ae98f3f4568a7c69bc92d3113a93f0f161a921f8343afeacb213977664f136","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"29ae98f3f4568a7c69bc92d3113a93f0f161a921f8343afeacb213977664f136","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56.805077Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56.805077Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"gCpqqh+G69IAOuDzVVZt6dMcoPVI3UlJWbQSgfAJKm4u+2fAqfS2NqxABlJEDh5vQhcxJ0XfakMfv/NMMDcIAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:56.805496Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1912.01999","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b451b8ee65235c452f2f688edf938fa8bdf401f51b2bf16ae9de0d949bbb7d00","sha256:0297c1b03073e302fa13c73a9c5a2c6b0b63fd36535edfa03b72b88d118637b4"],"state_sha256":"8dec1fc1ca29f2c171824f7a3508e190f94574776e283b2741b9d15398c6faf4"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/IPsgGxk/Bmxn3bD+rkD5+f9gBMNWYJQm46VnCeuzduQwg9cepB9M66TMVGirg72AvKpeYj+KuCOTpzgo2uYAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-05T15:44:00.076868Z","bundle_sha256":"2424ee68115dcf3eba9254629b82e60a823e37dc729c3bad4396286a1b749bb0"}}