{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:FH6REUN3OC46D2MQ33EBRDDC7T","short_pith_number":"pith:FH6REUN3","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2503.01545","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2025-03-03T13:52:47Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"e062e921a12f542254d2ca1cc6fcf39fd8ef5674cf43abff1524059e036ac0ea","abstract_canon_sha256":"6150b50258a89f368f30c9308ac2798715436f95a8c179781127967f56292880"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"29fd1251bb70b9e1e990dec8188c62fcfed811a4a7554175612f7d83575df898","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2503.01545","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2503.01545","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2503.01545v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2503.01545","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FH6REUN3OC46","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FH6REUN3OC46D2MQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FH6REUN3","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:FH6REUN3OC46D2MQ33EBRDDC7T","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2503.01545","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2025-03-03T13:52:47Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"e062e921a12f542254d2ca1cc6fcf39fd8ef5674cf43abff1524059e036ac0ea","abstract_canon_sha256":"6150b50258a89f368f30c9308ac2798715436f95a8c179781127967f56292880"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"29fd1251bb70b9e1e990dec8188c62fcfed811a4a7554175612f7d83575df898","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09.471907Z","signature_b64":"j/+Zs1QiUfM3IMlppn5dNR3PJZWkV8e9ANeKpG5Y89r8IcGm0xHYDIBpI02lntwb/Ut9M7/97Y2QxHUW6SutDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"29fd1251bb70b9e1e990dec8188c62fcfed811a4a7554175612f7d83575df898","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09.471275Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09.471275Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2503.01545","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"wHXZXuf1dE4YjGQN3DjZ/D5XWIhY78qrKaq898kvImsRrzXBLyV4W7DUvgDsboL/7OoY2FHGlXNDGoIEH/7rBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T01:48:25.196403Z"},"content_sha256":"99abc25e7bf4c0880dd05f1f8e3f2bf7973a3687453940e7dc5809f8f03c58e5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:99abc25e7bf4c0880dd05f1f8e3f2bf7973a3687453940e7dc5809f8f03c58e5"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:FH6REUN3OC46D2MQ33EBRDDC7T","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Limitations of Amplitude Encoding on Quantum Classification","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Bo Qi, Rebing Wu, Xin Wang, Yabo Wang","submitted_at":"2025-03-03T13:52:47Z","abstract_excerpt":"It remains unclear whether quantum machine learning (QML) has real advantages when dealing with practical and meaningful tasks. Encoding classical data into quantum states is one of the key steps in QML. Amplitude encoding has been widely used owing to its remarkable efficiency in encoding a number of $2^{n}$ classical data into $n$ qubits simultaneously. However, the theoretical impact of amplitude encoding on QML has not been thoroughly investigated. In this work we prove that under some broad and typical data assumptions, the average of encoded quantum states via amplitude encoding tends to"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2503.01545","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2503.01545/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"77RR5yLQfHvB3fL5+8oOL1ZDheTtQLV6tFqw2CuCd9SjQPOOVxqSXfOugEyIXwlqfSgZyduHWV9gC9kll0UDAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T01:48:25.197360Z"},"content_sha256":"adfa9279ef1acfb01361763042698a8c116061928d774f280adf6b529266cc52","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:adfa9279ef1acfb01361763042698a8c116061928d774f280adf6b529266cc52"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/FH6REUN3OC46D2MQ33EBRDDC7T/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/FH6REUN3OC46D2MQ33EBRDDC7T/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/FH6REUN3OC46D2MQ33EBRDDC7T/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-17T01:48:25Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/FH6REUN3OC46D2MQ33EBRDDC7T","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/FH6REUN3OC46D2MQ33EBRDDC7T/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/FH6REUN3OC46D2MQ33EBRDDC7T/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/FH6REUN3OC46D2MQ33EBRDDC7T/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:FH6REUN3OC46D2MQ33EBRDDC7T","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6150b50258a89f368f30c9308ac2798715436f95a8c179781127967f56292880","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2025-03-03T13:52:47Z","title_canon_sha256":"e062e921a12f542254d2ca1cc6fcf39fd8ef5674cf43abff1524059e036ac0ea"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2503.01545","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2503.01545","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2503.01545v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2503.01545","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FH6REUN3OC46","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FH6REUN3OC46D2MQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FH6REUN3","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:adfa9279ef1acfb01361763042698a8c116061928d774f280adf6b529266cc52","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2503.01545/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"It remains unclear whether quantum machine learning (QML) has real advantages when dealing with practical and meaningful tasks. Encoding classical data into quantum states is one of the key steps in QML. Amplitude encoding has been widely used owing to its remarkable efficiency in encoding a number of $2^{n}$ classical data into $n$ qubits simultaneously. However, the theoretical impact of amplitude encoding on QML has not been thoroughly investigated. In this work we prove that under some broad and typical data assumptions, the average of encoded quantum states via amplitude encoding tends to","authors_text":"Bo Qi, Rebing Wu, Xin Wang, Yabo Wang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2025-03-03T13:52:47Z","title":"Limitations of Amplitude Encoding on Quantum Classification"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2503.01545","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:99abc25e7bf4c0880dd05f1f8e3f2bf7973a3687453940e7dc5809f8f03c58e5","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6150b50258a89f368f30c9308ac2798715436f95a8c179781127967f56292880","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2025-03-03T13:52:47Z","title_canon_sha256":"e062e921a12f542254d2ca1cc6fcf39fd8ef5674cf43abff1524059e036ac0ea"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2503.01545","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"29fd1251bb70b9e1e990dec8188c62fcfed811a4a7554175612f7d83575df898","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"29fd1251bb70b9e1e990dec8188c62fcfed811a4a7554175612f7d83575df898","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09.471275Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09.471275Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"j/+Zs1QiUfM3IMlppn5dNR3PJZWkV8e9ANeKpG5Y89r8IcGm0xHYDIBpI02lntwb/Ut9M7/97Y2QxHUW6SutDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:23:09.471907Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2503.01545","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:99abc25e7bf4c0880dd05f1f8e3f2bf7973a3687453940e7dc5809f8f03c58e5","sha256:adfa9279ef1acfb01361763042698a8c116061928d774f280adf6b529266cc52"],"state_sha256":"ab7d9a2ffdf0638dba9466f101c8d6dc7233fa60e755b955f94c3db5ab800144"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"I4vM5ZwcsDrBhMoXrHSgSUHR0VfTzM1AxPlRSlK5uTAcQ/v6S0A+1XKqA2dUPpMBKMWcwDxhPRp3ENpbujWWAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T01:48:25.202642Z","bundle_sha256":"41fe97e68f37f12f6ea8ec4d2b751644080c76672ab7c564192cd8e75f52deca"}}