{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:FHO7I5D7YOCDFE5XNJ63UGVIZA","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9ebc0debe5b19835df465e1c291d5666cdd354d9353cca35c0b909d6d6031714","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","q-bio.NC"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2016-06-17T19:54:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"3b58863b190d675a15da72214469a5f33aa951ebacf109211a3f6f83315c73e1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1606.05642","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1606.05642","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1606.05642v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1606.05642","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FHO7I5D7YOCD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FHO7I5D7YOCDFE5X","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FHO7I5D7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:15Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:17e26712b712f88c44709645366103a9a9627a69a3cd7247142d79851c36a73d","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Surprise describes a range of phenomena from unexpected events to behavioral responses. We propose a measure of surprise and use it for surprise-driven learning. Our surprise measure takes into account data likelihood as well as the degree of commitment to a belief via the entropy of the belief distribution. We find that surprise-minimizing learning dynamically adjusts the balance between new and old information without the need of knowledge about the temporal statistics of the environment. We apply our framework to a dynamic decision-making task and a maze exploration task. Our surprise minim","authors_text":"Kerstin Preuschoff, Mohammadjavad Faraji, Wulfram Gerstner","cross_cats":["cs.LG","q-bio.NC"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2016-06-17T19:54:43Z","title":"Balancing New Against Old Information: The Role of Surprise in Learning"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1606.05642","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:fcef8c00a3d71f776577b28262e890c130cf4302806dd63e05f1bd1eaa741cd5","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9ebc0debe5b19835df465e1c291d5666cdd354d9353cca35c0b909d6d6031714","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","q-bio.NC"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2016-06-17T19:54:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"3b58863b190d675a15da72214469a5f33aa951ebacf109211a3f6f83315c73e1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1606.05642","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"29ddf4747fc3843293b76a7dba1aa8c80aedf7cc1ac7107c16a6d17eeb28a760","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"29ddf4747fc3843293b76a7dba1aa8c80aedf7cc1ac7107c16a6d17eeb28a760","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:42.332252Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:42.332252Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"hZwmuptKnNRFifz8FqMGFrNyP5iFR2VayTnXpilOiZqbl+NFQVZAVDOYB3DJRYijzvLMDQXJd1bVk1qPqttZBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:49:42.332876Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1606.05642","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:fcef8c00a3d71f776577b28262e890c130cf4302806dd63e05f1bd1eaa741cd5","sha256:17e26712b712f88c44709645366103a9a9627a69a3cd7247142d79851c36a73d"],"state_sha256":"fc60d8512b4dc988f30215a39ab5455df0f2ac9f627aa2d17bc9bc8cc78ed54b"}