{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:FN44PHP3YCB3C4S55N6LXLILTX","short_pith_number":"pith:FN44PHP3","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1801.05290","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2018-01-16T15:19:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"dc092aaaba023729486f11e315b5f2bd1a4ecf3f8f1d79e4186dca058eb6a7ad","abstract_canon_sha256":"acddbe47cb7357758c9eca49269f412c232290d96b65076899f13f5016c94b87"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2b79c79dfbc083b1725deb7cbbad0b9dc6c14ca5c6c25a4d77efc50bb591baef","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1801.05290","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1801.05290","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1801.05290v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1801.05290","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FN44PHP3YCB3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FN44PHP3YCB3C4S5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FN44PHP3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:22Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:FN44PHP3YCB3C4S55N6LXLILTX","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1801.05290","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2018-01-16T15:19:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"dc092aaaba023729486f11e315b5f2bd1a4ecf3f8f1d79e4186dca058eb6a7ad","abstract_canon_sha256":"acddbe47cb7357758c9eca49269f412c232290d96b65076899f13f5016c94b87"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"2b79c79dfbc083b1725deb7cbbad0b9dc6c14ca5c6c25a4d77efc50bb591baef","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:54.705597Z","signature_b64":"C9L9gXo16m9qWhFqFVWj1q0H8+vxvvEGWck4+lGeV5jQO4CXjqlh+mm4l+P1KEGRSkWQBwg0y0l/kuVcyNQeBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"2b79c79dfbc083b1725deb7cbbad0b9dc6c14ca5c6c25a4d77efc50bb591baef","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:54.704872Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:54.704872Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1801.05290","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"G93+oWWt7W1ejVJJpmbVYZE/lk2RVZ4cy76Ee4Bx7R5n+pGaWH/KhTbGjsqY/VxpAIo6IQl3VsoG//KNNFBjDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-08T17:16:32.176807Z"},"content_sha256":"18c4c3d2610a86b9bafd9105c4312bf9dfb60b05f0278ce2638b67e2a4263bbc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:18c4c3d2610a86b9bafd9105c4312bf9dfb60b05f0278ce2638b67e2a4263bbc"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:FN44PHP3YCB3C4S55N6LXLILTX","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Synergies of sector coupling and transmission reinforcement in a cost-optimised, highly renewable European energy system","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","authors_text":"A. Kies, D. Schlachtberger, M. Greiner, S. Schramm, T. Brown","submitted_at":"2018-01-16T15:19:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"There are two competing concepts in the literature for the integration of high shares of renewable energy: the coupling of electricity to other energy sectors, such as transport and heating, and the reinforcement of continent-wide transmission networks. In this paper both cross-sector and cross-border integration are considered in the model PyPSA-Eur-Sec-30, the first open, spatially-resolved, temporally-resolved and sector-coupled energy model of Europe. Using a simplified network with one node per country, the cost-optimal system is calculated for a 95% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1801.05290","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RBNYxAGtvO1EW3w+xhWAbS1vp19UMEn1HdrTtWccAhQ6CCShqc/rxTVjaJSRQqJG6mkdSTsr4kaAezgKkhp1Cg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-08T17:16:32.177525Z"},"content_sha256":"ffc4acccb29f5674adad0077a7d3be31d2ba88aba80a1614b605e23666f5fa82","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ffc4acccb29f5674adad0077a7d3be31d2ba88aba80a1614b605e23666f5fa82"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/FN44PHP3YCB3C4S55N6LXLILTX/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/FN44PHP3YCB3C4S55N6LXLILTX/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/FN44PHP3YCB3C4S55N6LXLILTX/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-08T17:16:32Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/FN44PHP3YCB3C4S55N6LXLILTX","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/FN44PHP3YCB3C4S55N6LXLILTX/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/FN44PHP3YCB3C4S55N6LXLILTX/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/FN44PHP3YCB3C4S55N6LXLILTX/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:FN44PHP3YCB3C4S55N6LXLILTX","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"acddbe47cb7357758c9eca49269f412c232290d96b65076899f13f5016c94b87","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2018-01-16T15:19:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"dc092aaaba023729486f11e315b5f2bd1a4ecf3f8f1d79e4186dca058eb6a7ad"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1801.05290","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1801.05290","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1801.05290v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1801.05290","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"FN44PHP3YCB3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"FN44PHP3YCB3C4S5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"FN44PHP3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:22Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:ffc4acccb29f5674adad0077a7d3be31d2ba88aba80a1614b605e23666f5fa82","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"There are two competing concepts in the literature for the integration of high shares of renewable energy: the coupling of electricity to other energy sectors, such as transport and heating, and the reinforcement of continent-wide transmission networks. In this paper both cross-sector and cross-border integration are considered in the model PyPSA-Eur-Sec-30, the first open, spatially-resolved, temporally-resolved and sector-coupled energy model of Europe. Using a simplified network with one node per country, the cost-optimal system is calculated for a 95% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions ","authors_text":"A. Kies, D. Schlachtberger, M. Greiner, S. Schramm, T. Brown","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2018-01-16T15:19:20Z","title":"Synergies of sector coupling and transmission reinforcement in a cost-optimised, highly renewable European energy system"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1801.05290","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:18c4c3d2610a86b9bafd9105c4312bf9dfb60b05f0278ce2638b67e2a4263bbc","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"acddbe47cb7357758c9eca49269f412c232290d96b65076899f13f5016c94b87","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2018-01-16T15:19:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"dc092aaaba023729486f11e315b5f2bd1a4ecf3f8f1d79e4186dca058eb6a7ad"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1801.05290","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"2b79c79dfbc083b1725deb7cbbad0b9dc6c14ca5c6c25a4d77efc50bb591baef","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"2b79c79dfbc083b1725deb7cbbad0b9dc6c14ca5c6c25a4d77efc50bb591baef","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:54.704872Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:54.704872Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"C9L9gXo16m9qWhFqFVWj1q0H8+vxvvEGWck4+lGeV5jQO4CXjqlh+mm4l+P1KEGRSkWQBwg0y0l/kuVcyNQeBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:10:54.705597Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1801.05290","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:18c4c3d2610a86b9bafd9105c4312bf9dfb60b05f0278ce2638b67e2a4263bbc","sha256:ffc4acccb29f5674adad0077a7d3be31d2ba88aba80a1614b605e23666f5fa82"],"state_sha256":"692a70b632c73ab7afaae929e7ceae1df6b487714796e7e2ca52efa0f0582a6e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"J+QUDyWfmNsoUG7nsJ7bANXKA+7PWUxc4YVycN3Sqli3vB33jBRGqUUFa8SpjEFFJlhWHD5JoiRjw0iy3BKxAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-08T17:16:32.181954Z","bundle_sha256":"159d3974d6f23ab028a2081d66adb8ac3b09daa2e68c63fa0aa69d4fd699850d"}}